Carbonate radical anion as an efficient reactive oxygen species: Its reaction with guanyl radical and formation of 8-oxoguanine

2012 ◽  
Vol 405 ◽  
pp. 76-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarjeet Yadav ◽  
P.C. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Carbonate Radical ◽  
Carbonate Radical Anion

scholarly journals Iron Fenton oxidation of 2′-deoxyguanosine in physiological bicarbonate buffer yields products consistent with the reactive oxygen species carbonate radical anion not the hydroxyl radical

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (68) ◽  
pp. 9779-9782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Fleming ◽  
Cynthia J. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer ◽  
Carbonate Radical ◽  
Carbonate Radical Anion

Fe(ii)-Fenton reaction in bicarbonate buffer yields CO3˙−, not HO˙, oxidizing 2′-deoxyguanosine to yield 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine with no ribose damage.

scholarly journals On the irrelevancy of hydroxyl radical to DNA damage from oxidative stress and implications for epigenetics

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (18) ◽  
pp. 6524-6528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Fleming ◽  
Cynthia J. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Carbonate Radical ◽  
Guanine Oxidation ◽  
Carbonate Radical Anion

Carbonate radical anion, not hydroxyl radical, is the principal reactive oxygen species generated from endogenous oxidative stress endowing epigenetic features to guanine oxidation products in DNA.

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species and Age-Related Genes p66Shc, Sirtuin, FoxO3 and Klotho in Senescence

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Afanas'ev
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Gene Activation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cell Senescence ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Extracellular Signal

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide and hydrogen peroxide perform important signaling functions in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Cell senescence and organismal age are not exemptions. Aging-regulating genesp66shc, Sirtuin, FOXO3aandKlothoare new important factors which are stimulated by ROS signaling. It has been shown that ROS participate in initiation and prolongation of gene-dependent aging development. ROS also participate in the activation of protein kinases Akt/PKB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK, which by themselves or through gene activation stimulates or retards cell senescence. Different retarding/stimulating effects of ROS might depend on the nature of signaling species—superoxide or hydrogen peroxide. Importance of radical anion superoxide as a signaling molecule with “super-nucleophilic” properties points to the possibility of the use of superoxide scavengers (SOD mimetics, ubiquinones and flavonoids) for retarding the development of aging.

scholarly journals The Reactive Oxygen Species Singlet Oxygen, Hydroxy Radicals, and the Superoxide Radical Anion—Examples of Their Roles in Biology and Medicine

Oxygen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
Ruth Edge ◽  
T. George Truscott
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Radical Anion ◽  
Hydroxy Radicals ◽  
Electronically Excited

Reactive oxygen species comprise oxygen-based free radicals and non-radical species such as peroxynitrite and electronically excited (singlet) oxygen. These reactive species often have short lifetimes, and much of our understanding of their formation and reactivity in biological and especially medical environments has come from complimentary fast reaction methods involving pulsed lasers and high-energy radiation techniques. These and related methods, such as EPR, are discussed with particular reference to singlet oxygen, hydroxy radicals, the superoxide radical anion, and their roles in medical aspects, such as cancer, vision and skin disorders, and especially pro- and anti-oxidative processes.

Mitochondria as a source of reactive oxygen species

2009 ◽  
pp. c3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena M. Cochemé ◽  
Michael P. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Clinical aspects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ascan Warnholtz ◽  
Maria Wendt ◽  
Michael August ◽  
Thomas Münzel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxygen Species

Endothelial dysfunction in the setting of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic smoking, as well as in the setting of heart failure, has been shown to be at least partly dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species in endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells and the adventitia, and the subsequent decrease in vascular bioavailability of NO. Superoxide-producing enzymes involved in increased oxidative stress within vascular tissue include NAD(P)H-oxidase, xanthine oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in an uncoupled state. Recent studies indicate that endothelial dysfunction of peripheral and coronary resistance and conductance vessels represents a strong and independent risk factor for future cardiovascular events. Ways to reduce endothelial dysfunction include risk-factor modification and treatment with substances that have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and, simultaneously, to stimulate endothelial NO production, such as inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme or the statins. In contrast, in conditions where increased production of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, in vascular tissue is established, treatment with NO, e.g. via administration of nitroglycerin, results in a rapid development of endothelial dysfunction, which may worsen the prognosis in patients with established coronary artery disease.

Fas ligand expression in rat kupffer cells in response to lipopolysaccharide is mediated by reactive oxygen species

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A361-A361
Author(s):  
K UCHIKURA ◽  
T WADA ◽  
Z SUN ◽  
S HOSHINO ◽  
G BULKLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ligand Expression
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