Intestinal Dysbiosis and Biotin Deprivation Induce Alopecia through Overgrowth of Lactobacillus murinus in Mice

Irritable bowel syndrome is a frequent digestive condition, with an unclear etiopathogeny. Very probably intestinal dysbiosis plays an important role. For the moment there are no guidelines for treatment. There is scientific evidence for several therapies: modification of diet, non-resorbable antibiotics (rifaximin-α) and probiotics. Giving probiotics after each antibiotic course (an association of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001) supplemented with vitamin B6 may be an optimal strategy.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Brief report: intestinal dysbiosis in ankylosing spondylitis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.725500745.793529571 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Hill Gaston

Keyword(s):

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Mechanisms and consequences of intestinal dysbiosis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.727459919.793561068 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Henry Lin ◽

Derek Lin

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Dysbiosis

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Detection of Dysbiosis and Increased Intestinal Permeability in Brazilian Patients with Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094621 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4621

Author(s):

Felipe Papa Pellizoni ◽

Aline Zazeri Leite ◽

Nathália de Campos Rodrigues ◽

Marcelo Jordão Ubaiz ◽

Marina Ignácio Gonzaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Permeability ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Dietary Interventions ◽

Chi Square ◽

16S Sequencing ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Dysbiosis, associated with barrier disruption and altered gut–brain communications, has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we evaluated the gut microbiota in relapsing–remitting patients (RRMS) receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and correlated these data with diet, cytokines levels, and zonulin concentrations. Stool samples were used for 16S sequencing and real-time PCR. Serum was used for cytokine determination by flow cytometry, and zonulin quantification by ELISA. Pearson’s chi-square, Mann–Whitney, and Spearman’s correlation were used for statistical analyses. We detected differences in dietary habits, as well as in the gut microbiota in RRMS patients, with predominance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides vulgatus and decreased Bifidobacterium. Interleukin-6 concentrations were decreased in treated patients, and we detected an increased intestinal permeability in RRMS patients when compared with controls. We conclude that diet plays an important role in the composition of the gut microbiota, and intestinal dysbiosis, detected in RRMS patients could be involved in increased intestinal permeability and affect the clinical response to DTMs. The future goal is to predict therapeutic responses based on individual microbiome analyses (personalized medicine) and propose dietary interventions and the use of probiotics or other microbiota modulators as adjuvant therapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of DMTs.

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The microbiome’s relationship with congenital heart disease: more than a gut feeling

Journal of Congenital Cardiology ◽

10.1186/s40949-021-00060-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dan Feng ◽

Jason T. Christensen ◽

Anji T. Yetman ◽

Merry L. Lindsey ◽

Amar B. Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Patient Population ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Basic Research ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Barrier Dysfunction ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction

AbstractPatients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for developing intestinal dysbiosis and intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction due to abnormal gut perfusion or hypoxemia in the context of low cardiac output or cyanosis. Intestinal dysbiosis may contribute to systemic inflammation thereby worsening clinical outcomes in this patient population. Despite significant advances in the management and survival of patients with CHD, morbidity remains significant and questions have arisen as to the role of the microbiome in the inflammatory process. Intestinal dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction experienced in this patient population are increasingly implicated in critical illness. This review highlights possible CHD-microbiome interactions, illustrates underlying signaling mechanisms, and discusses future directions and therapeutic translation of the basic research.

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Improvement of intestinal flora: accompany with the antihypertensive effect of electroacupuncture on stage 1 hypertension

Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13020-020-00417-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jun-meng Wang ◽

Ming-xiao Yang ◽

Qiao-feng Wu ◽

Ji Chen ◽

Shu-fang Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Antihypertensive Effect ◽

Intestinal Flora ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Healthy Group ◽

Oscillometric Device ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Stage 1 ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Increasing evidence have indicated the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and hypertension. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the electroacupuncture (EA) on intestinal microbiota in patients with stage 1 hypertension. Methods 93 hypertensive patients and 15 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Applying a highly accurate oscillometric device to evaluate the antihypertensive effect of EA. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to profile stool microbial communities from Healthy group, Before treatment (BT) group and After treatment (AT) group, and various multivariate analysis approaches were used to assess diversity, composition and abundance of intestinal microbiota. Results In this study, EA significantly decreased the blood pressure (BP) of hypertensive patients. Higher abundance of Firmicutes and lower Bacteroidetes abundance were observed in the BT group compared to the Healthy group. And EA treatment significantly decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio compared to the BT group. Moreover, at the genus level, there was an increased abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in patients with hypertension, while Blautia were decreased, and EA reversed these changes. Conclusions Our study indicates that EA can effectively lower BP and improve the structure of intestinal microbiota which are correlate with the alteration of blood pressure by electroacupuncture. Trial registration: Clinicaltrial.gov, NCT01701726. Registered 5 October 2012, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01701726

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Diarrhea Predominant-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D): Effects of Different Nutritional Patterns on Intestinal Dysbiosis and Symptoms

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051506 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1506

Author(s):

Annamaria Altomare ◽

Claudia Di Rosa ◽

Elena Imperia ◽

Sara Emerenziani ◽

Michele Cicala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽

Additional Energy ◽

Nutritional Advice ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Gi Symptoms ◽

Mutualistic Relationship ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Fodmap Diet

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Gut microbiota, which acts as a real organ with well-defined functions, is in a mutualistic relationship with the host, harvesting additional energy and nutrients from the diet and protecting the host from pathogens; specific alterations in its composition seem to play a crucial role in IBS pathophysiology. It is well known that diet can significantly modulate the intestinal microbiota profile but it is less known how different nutritional approach effective in IBS patients, such as the low-FODMAP diet, could be responsible of intestinal microbiota changes, thus influencing the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim of this review was to explore the effects of different nutritional protocols (e.g., traditional nutritional advice, low-FODMAP diet, gluten-free diet, etc.) on IBS-D symptoms and on intestinal microbiota variations in both IBS-D patients and healthy subjects. To date, an ideal nutritional protocol does not exist for IBS-D patients but it seems crucial to consider the effect of the different nutritional approaches on the intestinal microbiota composition to better define an efficient strategy to manage this functional disorder.

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Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80247-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mayumi Imahashi ◽

Hirotaka Ode ◽

Ayumi Kobayashi ◽

Michiko Nemoto ◽

Masakazu Matsuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Reverse Transcriptase ◽

Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽

Strand Transfer ◽

Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽

Hiv 1 ◽

Over Time

AbstractIn HIV-1-infected patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a key factor that may impact commensal microbiota and cause the emergence of side effects. However, it is not fully understood how long-term ART regimens have diverse impacts on the microbial compositions over time. Here, we performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of the fecal and salivary microbiomes in patients under different long-term ART. We found that ART, especially conventional nucleotide/nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-based ART, has remarkable impacts on fecal microbial diversity: decreased α-diversity and increased ß-diversity over time. In contrast, dynamic diversity changes in the salivary microbiome were not observed. Comparative analysis of bacterial genus compositions showed a propensity for Prevotella-enriched and Bacteroides-poor gut microbiotas in patients with ART over time. In addition, we observed a gradual reduction in Bacteroides but drastic increases in Succinivibrio and/or Megasphaera under conventional ART. These results suggest that ART, especially NRTI-based ART, has more suppressive impacts on microbiota composition and diversity in the gut than in the mouth, which potentially causes intestinal dysbiosis in patients. Therefore, NRTI-sparing ART, especially integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)- and/or non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimens, might alleviate the burden of intestinal dysbiosis in HIV-1-infected patients under long-term ART.

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