scholarly journals Diarrhea Predominant-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D): Effects of Different Nutritional Patterns on Intestinal Dysbiosis and Symptoms

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1506
Author(s):  
Annamaria Altomare ◽  
Claudia Di Rosa ◽  
Elena Imperia ◽  
Sara Emerenziani ◽  
Michele Cicala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Nutritional Advice ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Mutualistic Relationship ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Gut microbiota, which acts as a real organ with well-defined functions, is in a mutualistic relationship with the host, harvesting additional energy and nutrients from the diet and protecting the host from pathogens; specific alterations in its composition seem to play a crucial role in IBS pathophysiology. It is well known that diet can significantly modulate the intestinal microbiota profile but it is less known how different nutritional approach effective in IBS patients, such as the low-FODMAP diet, could be responsible of intestinal microbiota changes, thus influencing the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim of this review was to explore the effects of different nutritional protocols (e.g., traditional nutritional advice, low-FODMAP diet, gluten-free diet, etc.) on IBS-D symptoms and on intestinal microbiota variations in both IBS-D patients and healthy subjects. To date, an ideal nutritional protocol does not exist for IBS-D patients but it seems crucial to consider the effect of the different nutritional approaches on the intestinal microbiota composition to better define an efficient strategy to manage this functional disorder.

Intestinal microbiota fingerprint in subjects with Irritable Bowel Syndrome responders to a low FODMAP diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Valdez-Palomares ◽  
Rafael Nambo-Venegas ◽  
Jacqueline Uribe-García ◽  
Alfredo Mendoza-Vargas ◽  
Omar Granados-Portillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Altered Bowel Habit ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habit. IBS patients report that FODMAP (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols) diet induce...

Low-FODMAP Diet for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: What We Know and What We Have Yet to Learn

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Liu ◽  
William D. Chey ◽  
Emily Haller ◽  
Shanti Eswaran
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Dietary Manipulation ◽  
Diet Plan ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Interest ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent of gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide. Given that most IBS patients associate their GI symptoms with eating food, specific dietary manipulation has become an attractive treatment strategy. A diet low in FODMAPs (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) has generated the greatest level of scientific and clinical interest. Overall, 52–86% of patients report significant improvement of their IBS symptoms with elimination of dietary FODMAPs. Patients who experience symptom improvement with FODMAP elimination should undergo a structured reintroduction of foods containing individual FODMAPs to determine sensitivities and allow for personalization of the diet plan. This review discusses the literature surrounding the administration of the low-FODMAP diet and its efficacy in the treatment of IBS.

scholarly journals THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND THE ROLE OF PROBIOTICS IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME: a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Prado MORAES-FILHO ◽  
Eamonn M M QUIGLEY
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Specific Strain ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Micro Organisms

Irritable bowel syndrome is a common, chronic relapsing gastrointestinal disorder that affects 7%-22% of the population worldwide. According to Rome III Criteria, the disorder is defined by the coexistence of abdominal discomfort or pain associated with an alteration in bowel habits. Its pathophysiology is not completely understood but, in addition to some important abnormalities, the disturbed intestinal microbiota has also been described supported by several strands of evidence. The treatment of irritable bowel syndrome is based upon several therapeutic approaches but few have been successful or without adverse events and more recently the gut microbiota and the use of probiotics have emerged as a factor to be considered. Probiotics are live micro-organisms which when consumed in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host, such as Lactic bacteria among others. An important scientific rationale has emerged for the use of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome, although the data regarding different species are still limited. Not all probiotics are beneficial: it is important to select the specific strain which should be supported by good evidence base. The mechanisms of action of probiotics are described and the main strains are quoted.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome: present state and perspectives

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 3205-3215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Salonen ◽  
Willem M. de Vos ◽  
Airi Palva
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Microbial Biomarkers ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Microbial Groups

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that has been associated with aberrant microbiota. This review focuses on the recent molecular insights generated by analysing the intestinal microbiota in subjects suffering from IBS. Special emphasis is given to studies that compare and contrast the microbiota of healthy subjects with that of IBS patients classified into different subgroups based on their predominant bowel pattern as defined by the Rome criteria. The current data available from a limited number of patients do not reveal pronounced and reproducible IBS-related deviations of entire phylogenetic or functional microbial groups, but rather support the concept that IBS patients have alterations in the proportions of commensals with interrelated changes in the metabolic output and overall microbial ecology. The lack of apparent similarities in the taxonomy of microbiota in IBS patients may partially arise from the fact that the applied molecular methods, the nature and location of IBS subjects, and the statistical power of the studies have varied considerably. Most recent advances, especially the finding that several uncharacterized phylotypes show non-random segregation between healthy and IBS subjects, indicate the possibility of discovering bacteria specific for IBS. Moreover, tools are being developed for the functional analysis of the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and IBS. These approaches may be instrumental in the evaluation of the ecological dysbiosis hypothesis in the gut ecosystem. Finally, we discuss the future outlook for research avenues and candidate microbial biomarkers that may eventually be used in IBS diagnosis.

scholarly journals The low-FODMAP diet as an effective tool for managing irritable bowel syndrome – an assessment of adult patients’ knowledge of dietary guidelines

2021 ◽  
pp. 419-426
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Elimination Diet ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Objective ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet

Background. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common gastrointestinal disorder that is driven by the gutbrain axis and affects 1-20% of the population. Most patients note that various foods elicit abdominal symptoms, and they eliminate these products from their diets. A diet that is low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) is currently one of the mainstays in IBS treatment. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of IBS patients about the disease, treatment and the principles of the low-FODMAP diet that can alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms. Material and methods. The participants were adults diagnosed with IBS, the inclusion criteria were: absence of comorbidities requiring an elimination diet, age over 18 years, and consent to participate in the study. The respondents filled out an anonymous questionnaire containing questions about the IBS diagnosis, disease history and treatment, as well as 45 questions assessing the participants’ knowledge about the low-FODMAP diet. Results. In 28% of the cases, IBS was diagnosed by a general practitioner; in nearly 40% of the cases – by a gastroenterology specialist; in 10% of the cases – by a dietitian, whereas the remaining respondents had arrived at the diagnosis independently or with the help of support groups for IBS patients. After diagnosis, only every fourth respondent sought treatment in a gastroenterology clinic. In the studied population, 237 of the respondents had followed to the low-FODMAP diet, and the differentiating factors were sex (p=0.002), place of residence (city with a population higher than 100,000 vs. rural area; p=0.0001) and education (university vs. vocational school p=0.0043). Respondents who had been recently diagnosed with IBS (less than 12 months vs. more than 12 months before the study) were more likely to follow the FODMAP diet. Conclusions. The surveyed population was characterized by high levels of knowledge about the low-FODMAP diet, but many respondents did not strictly comply with dietary guidelines, in particular the duration of each dietary phase. Age was significantly correlated with the respondents’ knowledge, and the participants’ familiarity with low-FODMAP guidelines decreased with age. Nutritional consultations did not significantly improve the respondents’ knowledge about the low-FODMAP diet.

scholarly journals Significance and efficacy of low-FODMAP diet for treating irritable bowel syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
Michalina Mróz ◽  
◽  
Emilia Korek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Stool Form ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet

Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder that is characterised by abdominal pain associated with defecation, accompanied by a change in the frequency of bowel movements or stool form. Although it has a significant impact on a patient’s quality of life, it is not a terminal illness. Lately, there has been an increasing interest in nutritional treatment for irritable bowel syndrome, especially a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP). These carbohydrates ferment easily, they are poorly absorbed and have high osmotic pressure whereby they can trigger gastrointestinal disturbances in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Many studies demonstrated that FODMAP restriction reduces the osmotic load and gas production in the small intestine and the colon, ensuring symptomatic relief in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. Long-term health effects of using a low-FODMAP diet are not known, therefore, stringent FODMAP restriction is not recommended because of risks of inadequate nutrient intake and potential harmful effects from altered gut microbiota. In summary, there is evidence to strongly support the efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. However, further and more detailed studies are required to understand any potential side effects of long-term restriction of FODMAP.

The intestinal microbiota changes paradigms in irritable bowel syndrome

Infectio ro ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela-Loredana Popa ◽  
Silvana-Adelina Gheorghe ◽  
Mădălina Preda
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome and probiotics place in therapeutic strategies

Infectio ro ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Ștefan-Sorin Aramă
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Optimal Strategy ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Moment

Irritable bowel syndrome is a frequent digestive condition, with an unclear etiopathogeny. Very probably intestinal dysbiosis plays an important role. For the moment there are no guidelines for treatment. There is scientific evidence for several therapies: modification of diet, non-resorbable antibiotics (rifaximin-α) and probiotics. Giving probiotics after each antibiotic course (an association of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001) supplemented with vitamin B6 may be an optimal strategy.

The role of intestinal microbiota in the development of urolithiasis in patients with an irritable bowel syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
I. A. Derkach ◽  
A. E. Dorofeyev ◽  
M. M. Rudenko ◽  
G. A. Dorofeyeva ◽  
Yu. Z. Dynia
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Somatization in patients with predominant diarrhoea irritable bowel syndrome: the role of the intestinal barrier function and integrity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Prospero ◽  
Giuseppe Riezzo ◽  
Michele Linsalata ◽  
Antonella Orlando ◽  
Benedetta D’Attoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterised by gastrointestinal (GI) and psychological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, and somatization). Depression and anxiety, but not somatization, have already been associated with altered intestinal barrier function, increased LPS, and dysbiosis. The study aimed to investigate the possible link between somatization and intestinal barrier in IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D) patients. Methods Forty-seven IBS-D patients were classified as having low somatization (LS = 19) or high somatization (HS = 28) according to the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), (cut-off score = 63). The IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) questionnaires were administered to evaluate GI symptoms. The intestinal barrier function was studied by the lactulose/mannitol absorption test, faecal and serum zonulin, serum intestinal fatty-acid binding protein, and diamine oxidase. Inflammation was assessed by assaying serum Interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), and tumour necrosis factor-α. Dysbiosis was assessed by the urinary concentrations of indole and skatole and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS). All data were analysed using a non-parametric test. Results The GI symptoms profiles were significantly more severe, both as a single symptom and as clusters of IBS-SSS and GSRS, in HS than LS patients. This finding was associated with impaired small intestinal permeability and increased faecal zonulin levels. Besides, HS patients showed significantly higher IL-8 and lowered IL-10 concentrations than LS patients. Lastly, circulating LPS levels and the urinary concentrations of indole were higher in HS than LS ones, suggesting a more pronounced imbalance of the small intestine in the former patients. Conclusions IBS is a multifactorial disorder needing complete clinical, psychological, and biochemical evaluations. Trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03423069.

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