scholarly journals The effect of sodium on the catalytic activity of ZnO–Al2O3/ZSM-5 and SnO–Al2O3/ZSM-5 for the transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1913-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kim ◽  
S. Yan ◽  
S.O. Salley ◽  
K.Y.S. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Vegetable Oil

Novel Ti and Mn Mesoporous Molecular Sieves: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity in the Epoxidation of Vegetable Oil

2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Ye ◽  
Pingping Jiang ◽  
Pingbo Zhang ◽  
Yuming Dong ◽  
Chengsheng Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Mesoporous Molecular Sieves

scholarly journals Synthesis of Alpha Olefins: Catalytic Decarbonylation of Carboxylic Acids and Vegetable Oil Deodorizer Distillate (VODD)

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Hang-Wai Lee ◽  
Ka-Fu Yung
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Deodorizer Distillate ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Refinery Process ◽  
Alpha Olefins

Decarbonylation of carboxylic acids provides an effective protocol for producing alpha olefins; however, previous literature has focused on the palladium-bisphosphine catalysts and has only sporadically studied the palladium-monophosphine catalyst. To investigate the catalytic activity of the palladium-monophosphine catalyst on decarbonylation of carboxylic acids, new monophosphine ligands were synthesized (NP-1, NP-2, CP-1 and CP-2). By employing (1–3 mol%) palladium-naphthylphosphine catalysts, various carboxylic acids were converted into corresponding alpha alkenes with good yields and selectivity within a short period of time. Vegetable oil deodorizer distillate (VODD), which is a by-product from the vegetable oil refinery process, was found to be rich in free fatty acids and there is great interest in turning vegetable oil deodorizer distillate into value-added compounds. It is noteworthy that our catalytic system could be applied to convert vegetable oil deodorizer distillate (VODD) into diesel-like hydrocarbons in a good yield.

scholarly journals Technological Aspects of Vegetable Oils Transesterification with Ethanol in the Presence of Metal Oxides

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Yuriy Melnyk ◽  
Roman Starchevskyi ◽  
Stepan Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Oxide Particles

Transesterification of vegetable oil with ethanol in the presence of fine metal oxide particles as catalysts has been investigated. Zinc and nickel(II) oxides were shown to have the highest catalytic activity. In their presence, the conversion of sunflower oil triglycerides, after 150 min, reached 95.3 and 94.2 %, respectively. The optimal mass fraction of zinc oxide catalyst was found to be 0.25–0.31 %. In the presence of zinc oxide, with mass fraction of water in ethanol of 5 and 10 %, the conversion of triglycerides was 98.5 and 94.8 %, respectively.

scholarly journals The influence of residue sodium ions in mixed oxide on catalytic activity in transesterification of vegetable oil

2022 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 112017
Author(s):  
David Kocián ◽  
Martin Hájek ◽  
Aleš Vávra ◽  
Karel Frolich ◽  
Jaroslav Kocík
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Sodium Ions

Performance of biochar assisted catalysts during hydroprocessing of non-edible vegetable oil: Effect of transition metal source on catalytic activity

2022 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 115131
Author(s):  
Poulami Roy ◽  
Hossein Jahromi ◽  
Sushil Adhikari ◽  
Y. Zou Finfrock ◽  
Tawsif Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Metal Source ◽  
Edible Vegetable Oil

scholarly journals Potential of Carica papaya peels as effective biocatalyst in the optimized parametric transesterification of used vegetable oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 200299-0
Author(s):  
A.O. Etim ◽  
Andrew C. Eloka-Eboka ◽  
P. Musonge
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Used Vegetable Oil

This study investigates the effectiveness of a base heterogenous catalyst derived from waste Carica papaya peels in the transesterification of used vegetable oil (UVO). The calcined Carica papaya peels (CCPP) were characterised using scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The EDX result indicated that the ash contains various minerals with potassium (K) as the main active element in remove for the charge of the high catalytic activity. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimise and investigate the effect of the critical process parameters which include: the reaction time (50 – 70 min), catalyst loading (2.5 – 4.5 wt%) and methanol-to-oil molar ratio (9:1 – 15:1). The optimal reaction condition for the transesterification process was found to be catalyst loading of 3.5 wt%, methanol/oil molar ratio of 12:1, process reaction time of 60 min at constant reaction temperature of 65 <sup>o</sup>C which resulted in the maximum biodiesel yield of 97.5 wt%. The quality of the produced biodiesel was in agreement with ASTM standards. The catalyst was reused up to three times with minimal decrease in the catalytic activity in the biodiesel conversion. The study demonstrates the potential of waste biomass feedstocks in the production of sustainable biodiesel fuel.

High resolution electron microscopy of lanthanum phosphate crystals

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 274-275
Author(s):  
J. C. Wheatley ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lanthanum Phosphate ◽  
Good Catalyst ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Rare-earth phosphates are of particular interest because of their catalytic properties associated with the hydrolysis of many aromatic chlorides in the petroleum industry. Lanthanum phosphates (LaPO4) which have been doped with small amounts of copper have shown increased catalytic activity (1). However the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples leading to good catalytic activity are not known.Many catalysts are amorphous and thus do not easily lend themselves to methods of investigation which would include electron microscopy. However, the LaPO4, crystals are quite suitable samples for high resolution techniques.The samples used were obtained from William L. Kehl of Gulf Research and Development Company. The electron microscopy was carried out on a JEOL JEM-100B which had been modified for high resolution microscopy (2). Standard high resolution techniques were employed. Three different sample types were observed: 669A-1-5-7 (poor catalyst), H-L-2 (good catalyst) and 27-011 (good catalyst).

The design and catalytic performance of molybdenum active sites on an MCM-41 framework for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Meng Wang ◽  
Li-Juan Liu ◽  
Bo Xiang ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Ya-Jing Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Aerobic Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Mcm 41

The catalytic activity decreases as –(SiO)3Mo(OH)(O) > –(SiO)2Mo(O)2 > –(O)4–MoO.

Prolonged Expression of Procoagulant Activity of Human Platelets Degranulated by Thrombin

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (03) ◽  
pp. 958-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raelene L Kinlough-Rathbone ◽  
Dennis W Perry
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Prothrombinase Complex ◽  
Arterial Thrombus ◽  
Flowing Blood

SummaryPlatelets are exposed to thrombin when they take part in arterial thrombus formation, and they may return to the circulation when they are freed by fibrinolysis and dislodged by flowing blood. Thrombin causes the expression of procoagulant activity on platelets, and if this activity persists, the recirculating platelets may contribute to subsequent thrombosis. We have developed techniques to degranulate human platelets by treatment with thrombin, and recover them as single, discrete platelets that aggregate in response to both weak and strong agonists. In the present study we examined the duration of procoagulant activity on the surface of thrombin-degranulated platelets by two methods: a prothrombinase assay, and the binding of 125I-labeled annexin. Control platelets generated 0.9 ± 0.4 U thrombin per 107 platelets in 15 min. Suspensions of thrombin-degranulated platelets formed 5.4 ± 0.1 U thrombin per 107 platelets in this time. Binding of 125I-annexin V was also greater with thrombin-treated platelets than with control platelets (controls: 1.7 ±0.1 ng annexin/107 platelets; thrombin-degranulated platelets: 6.8 ± 0.2 ng annexin/107 platelets). With thrombin-degranulated platelets, increased procoagulant activity and annexin binding persisted for at least 4 h after degranulation and resuspension, indicating that the catalytic activity for the prothrombinase complex is not reversed during this time. These platelets maintained their ability to aggregate for 4 h, even in response to the weak agonist, ADP. Thus, platelets that have taken part in thrombus formation and returned to the circulation may contribute to the promotion of further thrombotic events because of the persistence of procoagulant activity on their surface.

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