scholarly journals Pollutant concentrations and emission rates from natural gas cooking burners without and with range hood exhaust in nine California homes

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 215-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett C. Singer ◽  
Rebecca Zarin Pass ◽  
William W. Delp ◽  
David M. Lorenzetti ◽  
Randy L. Maddalena
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Gas Cooking

Self-limiting atmospheric lifetime of environmentally reactive elements in volcanic plumes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia Ilyinskaya ◽  
Emily Mason ◽  
Penny Wieser ◽  
Lacey Holland ◽  
Emma Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Atmospheric Dispersion ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Volcanic Plume ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Volcanic Emissions ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Volcanic Plumes ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

<p>Volcanoes are a large global source of almost every element, including ~20 environmentally reactive trace elements classified as metal pollutants (e.g. selenium, cadmium and lead). Fluxes of metal pollutants from individual eruptions can be comparable to total anthropogenic emissions from large countries such as China.</p><p>The 2018 Lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kīlauea, Hawaii produced exceptionally high emission rates of major and trace chemical species compared to other basaltic eruptions over 3 months (200 kt/day of SO<sub>2</sub>; Kern et al. 2019). We tracked the volcanic plume from vent to exposed communities over 0-240 km distance using in-situ sampling and atmospheric dispersion modelling. This is the first time that trace elements in volcanic emissions (~60 species) are mapped over such distances. In 2019, we repeated the field campaign during a no-eruption period and showed that volcanic emissions had caused 3-5 orders of magnitude increase in airborne metal pollutant concentrations across the Island of Hawai’i.</p><p>We show that the volatility of the elements (the ease with which they are degassed from the magma) controls their particle-phase speciation, which in turn determines how fast they are depleted from the plume after emission. Elements with high magmatic volatilities (e.g. selenium, cadmium and lead) have up to 6 orders of magnitude higher depletion rates compared to non-volatile elements (e.g. magnesium, aluminium and rare earth metals).</p><p>Previous research and hazard mitigation efforts on volcanic emissions have focussed on sulphur and it has been assumed that other pollutants follow the same dispersion patterns. Our results show that the atmospheric fate of sulphur, and therefore the associated hazard distribution, does not represent an accurate guide to the behaviour and potential impacts of other species in volcanic emissions. Metal pollutants are predominantly volatile in volcanic plumes, and their rapid deposition (self-limited by their volatility) places disproportionate environmental burdens on the populated areas in the immediate vicinity of the active and, in turn, reduces the impacts on far-field communities.</p><p>Reference: Kern, C., T. Elias, P. Nadeau, A. H. Lerner, C. A. Werner, M. Cappos, L. E. Clor, P. J. Kelly, V. J. Realmuto, N. Theys, S. A. Carn, AGU, 2019; https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm19/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/507140.</p>

Emission Rates of Regulated Pollutants from Current Technology Heavy-Duty Diesel and Natural Gas Goods Movement Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 5236-5244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Thiruvengadam ◽  
Marc C. Besch ◽  
Pragalath Thiruvengadam ◽  
Saroj Pradhan ◽  
Daniel Carder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Current Technology ◽  
Goods Movement ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

scholarly journals Indoor Particle Concentrations, Size Distributions, and Exposures in Middle Eastern Microenvironments

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tareq Hussein ◽  
Ali Alameer ◽  
Omar Jaghbeir ◽  
Kolthoum Albeitshaweesh ◽  
Mazen Malkawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Hookah Smoking ◽  
Combustion Processes ◽  
Gas Cooking ◽  
Indoor Combustion

There is limited research on indoor air quality in the Middle East. In this study, concentrations and size distributions of indoor particles were measured in eight Jordanian dwellings during the winter and summer. Supplemental measurements of selected gaseous pollutants were also conducted. Indoor cooking, heating via the combustion of natural gas and kerosene, and tobacco/shisha smoking were associated with significant increases in the concentrations of ultrafine, fine, and coarse particles. Particle number (PN) and particle mass (PM) size distributions varied with the different indoor emission sources and among the eight dwellings. Natural gas cooking and natural gas or kerosene heaters were associated with PN concentrations on the order of 100,000 to 400,000 cm−3 and PM2.5 concentrations often in the range of 10 to 150 µg/m3. Tobacco and shisha (waterpipe or hookah) smoking, the latter of which is common in Jordan, were found to be strong emitters of indoor ultrafine and fine particles in the dwellings. Non-combustion cooking activities emitted comparably less PN and PM2.5. Indoor cooking and combustion processes were also found to increase concentrations of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and volatile organic compounds. In general, concentrations of indoor particles were lower during the summer compared to the winter. In the absence of indoor activities, indoor PN and PM2.5 concentrations were generally below 10,000 cm−3 and 30 µg/m3, respectively. Collectively, the results suggest that Jordanian indoor environments can be heavily polluted when compared to the surrounding outdoor atmosphere primarily due to the ubiquity of indoor combustion associated with cooking, heating, and smoking.

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