scholarly journals Functional MRI evidence for a role of ventral prefrontal cortex in tinnitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 1485 ◽  
pp. 22-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Seydell-Greenwald ◽  
Amber M. Leaver ◽  
Ted K. Turesky ◽  
Susan Morgan ◽  
Hung J. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

scholarly journals Distinct Roles for Lateral and Medial Anterior Prefrontal Cortex in Contextual Recollection

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 813-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon S. Simons ◽  
Sam J. Gilbert ◽  
Adrian M. Owen ◽  
Paul C. Fletcher ◽  
Paul W. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Mri ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Retrieval Process ◽  
Detailed Characterization ◽  
Anterior Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
List Memory

A key feature of human recollection is the ability to remember details of the context in which events were experienced, as well as details of the events themselves. Previous studies have implicated a number of regions of prefrontal cortex in contextual recollection, but the role of anterior prefrontal cortex has so far resisted detailed characterization. We used event-related functional MRI (fMRI) to contrast recollection of two forms of contextual information: 1) decisions one had previously made about stimuli (task memory) and 2) which of two temporally distinct lists those stimuli had been presented in (list memory). In addition, a retrieval cue manipulation permitted evaluation of the stage of the retrieval process in which the activated regions might be involved. The results indicated that anterior prefrontal cortex responded significantly more during recollection of task than list context details. Furthermore, activation profiles for lateral and medial aspects of anterior prefrontal cortex suggested differing roles in recollection. Lateral regions seem to be more involved in the early retrieval specification stages of recollection, with medial regions contributing to later stages (e.g., monitoring and verification).

The role of the ventral prefrontal cortex in mood disorders

2006 ◽  
pp. 545-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn A. Fredericks ◽  
Jessica H. Kalmar ◽  
Hilary P. Blumberg
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Ventral Prefrontal Cortex

Alcohol Dependence Conceptualized as a Stress Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 198-220
Author(s):  
Leandro F. Vendruscolo ◽  
George F. Koob
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Brain Circuits ◽  
Negative Emotional State ◽  
Alcohol Alcohol

Alcohol use disorder is a chronically relapsing disorder that involves (1) compulsivity to seek and take alcohol, (2) difficulty in limiting alcohol intake, and (3) emergence of a negative emotional state (e.g., dysphoria, anxiety, irritability) in the absence of alcohol. Alcohol addiction encompasses a three-stage cycle that becomes more intense as alcohol use progresses: binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/anticipation. These stages engage neuroadaptations in brain circuits that involve the basal ganglia (reward hypofunction), extended amygdala (stress sensitization), and prefrontal cortex (executive function disorder). This chapter discusses key neuroadaptations in the hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic stress systems and the critical role of glucocorticoid receptors. These neuroadaptations contribute to negative emotional states that powerfully drive compulsive alcohol drinking and seeking. These changes in association with a disruption of prefrontal cortex function that lead to cognitive deficits and poor decision making contribute to the chronic relapsing nature of alcohol dependence.

Functional role of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the modulation of cognitive bias

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Xia ◽  
Yansong Li ◽  
Yanqiu Wang ◽  
Jing Xia ◽  
Yitong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

The role of the left prefrontal cortex in verbal processing

Neuroreport ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (16) ◽  
pp. 2193-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shitij Kapur ◽  
Randi Rose ◽  
Peter F. Liddle ◽  
Robert B. Zipursky ◽  
Gregory M. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Verbal Processing
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