Differential expression of the CD14/TLR4 complex and inflammatory signaling molecules following i.c.v. administration of LPS

2006 ◽  
Vol 1095 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xia ◽  
Kanato Yamagata ◽  
Teresa L. Krukoff
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling

scholarly journals Microglia, Cytokines, and Neural Activity: Unexpected Interactions in Brain Development and Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Ferro ◽  
Yohan S. S. Auguste ◽  
Lucas Cheadle
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Evolutionary Strategy ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

Intercellular signaling molecules such as cytokines and their receptors enable immune cells to communicate with one another and their surrounding microenvironments. Emerging evidence suggests that the same signaling pathways that regulate inflammatory responses to injury and disease outside of the brain also play powerful roles in brain development, plasticity, and function. These observations raise the question of how the same signaling molecules can play such distinct roles in peripheral tissues compared to the central nervous system, a system previously thought to be largely protected from inflammatory signaling. Here, we review evidence that the specialized roles of immune signaling molecules such as cytokines in the brain are to a large extent shaped by neural activity, a key feature of the brain that reflects active communication between neurons at synapses. We discuss the known mechanisms through which microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, respond to increases and decreases in activity by engaging classical inflammatory signaling cascades to assemble, remodel, and eliminate synapses across the lifespan. We integrate evidence from (1) in vivo imaging studies of microglia-neuron interactions, (2) developmental studies across multiple neural circuits, and (3) molecular studies of activity-dependent gene expression in microglia and neurons to highlight the specific roles of activity in defining immune pathway function in the brain. Given that the repurposing of signaling pathways across different tissues may be an important evolutionary strategy to overcome the limited size of the genome, understanding how cytokine function is established and maintained in the brain could lead to key insights into neurological health and disease.

Cardiovascular expression of inflammatory signaling molecules, the kinin B1 receptor and COX2, in the rabbit: Effects of LPS, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive drugs

2008 ◽  
Vol 146 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Thérèse Bawolak ◽  
Karine Touzin ◽  
Marie Eve Moreau ◽  
Anik Désormeaux ◽  
Albert Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
B1 Receptor ◽  
Kinin B1 Receptor ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Breaking the cycle: the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in inflammation-driven cancers

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Patterson ◽  
Philippe T. Georgel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Chronic inflammation is a cyclical, self-stimulating process. Immune cells called to sites of inflammation release pro-inflammatory signaling molecules that stimulate activation of inducible enzymes and transcription factors. These enzymes and transcription factors then stimulate production of signaling molecules that attract more immune cells and induce more enzymatic and transcriptional activity, creating a perpetual loop of inflammation. This self-renewing pool of inflammatory stimuli makes for an ideal tumor microenvironment, and chronic inflammation has been linked to oncogenesis, tumor growth, tumor cell survival, and metastasis. Three protein pathways in particular, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), cyclooxygenase (COX), and lipoxygenase (LOX), provide excellent examples of the cyclical, self-renewing nature of chronic inflammation-driven cancers. NF-kB is an inducible transcription factor responsible for the expression of a vast number of inflammation and cancer related genes. COX and LOX convert omega-6 (n-6) and omga-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) into pro- and anti-inflammatory signaling molecules. These signaling molecules stimulate or repress activity of all three of these pathways. In this review, we will discuss the pro- and anti-inflammatory functions of these fatty acids and their role in chronic inflammation and cancer progression.

scholarly journals Wnt signaling in the thymus is regulated by differential expression of intracellular signaling molecules

2006 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 3322-3326 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Weerkamp ◽  
M. R. M. Baert ◽  
B. A. E. Naber ◽  
E. E. L. Koster ◽  
E. F. E. de Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Intracellular Signaling Molecules

Differential expression of TNF-α signaling molecules and ERK1 in distal and proximal colonic tumors associated with obesity

Tumor Biology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1005-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati S. Jain ◽  
Manickaraj AshokKumar ◽  
Ranjana P. Bird
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Tnf Α

scholarly journals Onion bulb extract can both reverse and prevent colitis in mice via inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling molecules and neutrophil activity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0233938
Author(s):  
Maitham A. Khajah ◽  
Ahmed Z. EL-Hashim ◽  
Khaled Y. Orabi ◽  
Sanaa Hawai ◽  
Hanan G. Sary
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Onion Bulb ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Neutrophil Activity

Bile Acids, Their Receptors, and the Gut Microbiota

Physiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Poland ◽  
C. Robb Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Molecular Network ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Mutualistic Relationship ◽  
Host Metabolism

Bile acids (BAs) are a family of hydroxylated steroids secreted by the liver that aid in the breakdown and absorption of dietary fats. BAs also function as nutrient and inflammatory signaling molecules, acting through cognate receptors, to coordinate host metabolism. Commensal bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract are functional modifiers of the BA pool, affecting composition and abundance. Deconjugation of host BAs creates a molecular network that inextricably links gut microtia with their host. In this review we highlight the roles of BAs in mediating this mutualistic relationship with a focus on those events that impact host physiology and metabolism.

scholarly journals CSIG-28. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE EXPRESSION OF FAT1 AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY SIGNALING MOLECULES IN HUMAN GLIOMA

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (suppl_6) ◽  
pp. vi55-vi55
Author(s):  
Khushboo Irshad ◽  
Chitrangda Srivastava ◽  
Nargis Malik ◽  
Chitra Sarkar ◽  
Deepak Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Human Glioma ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Air Pollution, Heart Inflammatory Signaling Molecules and Chocolate.

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Villarreal-Calderon ◽  
J Palacios-Moreno ◽  
S Keefe ◽  
N Osnaya ◽  
R Torres-Jardon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Inflammatory Signaling
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