scholarly journals Effect of Combat Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Telomere Length and Amygdala Volume

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 678-687
Author(s):  
Jee In Kang ◽  
Susanne G. Mueller ◽  
Gwyneth W.Y. Wu ◽  
Jue Lin ◽  
Peter Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Amygdala Volume

scholarly journals Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder modulate polygenic predictors of hippocampal and amygdala volume

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanchao Zheng ◽  
Melanie E. Garrett ◽  
Delin Sun ◽  
Emily K. Clarke-Rubright ◽  
Courtney C. Haswell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Polygenic Scores ◽  
Amygdala Volume ◽  
Subcortical Volumes

AbstractThe volume of subcortical structures represents a reliable, quantitative, and objective phenotype that captures genetic effects, environmental effects such as trauma, and disease effects such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Trauma and PTSD represent potent exposures that may interact with genetic markers to influence brain structure and function. Genetic variants, associated with subcortical volumes in two large normative discovery samples, were used to compute polygenic scores (PGS) for the volume of seven subcortical structures. These were applied to a target sample enriched for childhood trauma and PTSD. Subcortical volume PGS from the discovery sample were strongly associated in our trauma/PTSD enriched sample (n = 7580) with respective subcortical volumes of the hippocampus (p = 1.10 × 10−20), thalamus (p = 7.46 × 10−10), caudate (p = 1.97 × 10−18), putamen (p = 1.7 × 10−12), and nucleus accumbens (p = 1.99 × 10−7). We found a significant association between the hippocampal volume PGS and hippocampal volume in control subjects from our sample, but was absent in individuals with PTSD (GxE; (beta = −0.10, p = 0.027)). This significant GxE (PGS × PTSD) relationship persisted (p < 1 × 10−19) in four out of five threshold peaks (0.024, 0.133, 0.487, 0.730, and 0.889) used to calculate hippocampal volume PGSs. We detected similar GxE (G × ChildTrauma) relationships in the amygdala for exposure to childhood trauma (rs4702973; p = 2.16 × 10−7) or PTSD (rs10861272; p = 1.78 × 10−6) in the CHST11 gene. The hippocampus and amygdala are pivotal brain structures in mediating PTSD symptomatology. Trauma exposure and PTSD modulate the effect of polygenic markers on hippocampal volume (GxE) and the amygdala volume PGS is associated with PTSD risk, which supports the role of amygdala volume as a risk factor for PTSD.

scholarly journals Does deployment-related military sexual assault interact with combat exposure to predict posttraumatic stress disorder in female veterans?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Gross ◽  
Katherine C. Cunningham ◽  
Daniel A. Moore ◽  
Jennifer C. Naylor ◽  
Mira Brancu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Female Veterans ◽  
Military Sexual Assault

scholarly journals Typologies of Combat Exposure and Their Effects on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-956
Author(s):  
Marija Spanovic Kelber ◽  
Derek J. Smolenski ◽  
Don E. Workman ◽  
Maria A. Morgan ◽  
Abigail L. Garvey Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Depression Symptoms

scholarly journals Influence of Spirituality on Depression, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidality in Active Duty Military Personnel

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel L. Hourani ◽  
Jason Williams ◽  
Valerie Forman-Hoffman ◽  
Marian E. Lane ◽  
Belinda Weimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Active Duty Military

Understanding the role of spirituality as a potential coping mechanism for military personnel is important given growing concern about the mental health issues of personnel returning from war. This study seeks to determine the extent to which spirituality is associated with selected mental health problems among active duty military personnel and whether it moderates the relationship between combat exposure/deployment and (a) depression, (b) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (c) suicidality in active duty military personnel. Data were drawn from the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors Among Active Duty Military Personnel. Over 24,000 randomly selected active duty personnel worldwide completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire. High spirituality had a significant protective effect only for depression symptoms. Medium, as opposed to high or low, levels of spirituality buffered each of the mental health outcomes to some degree. Medium and low spirituality levels predicted depression symptoms but only among those with moderate combat exposure. Medium spirituality levels also predicted PTSD symptoms among those with moderate levels of combat exposure and predicted self-reported suicidal ideation/attempt among those never deployed. These results point to the complex relationship between spirituality and mental health, particularly among military personnel and the need for further research.

scholarly journals Amygdala Volume Changes in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Large Case-Controlled Veterans Group

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra A. Morey ◽  
Andrea L. Gold ◽  
Kevin S. LaBar ◽  
Shannon K. Beall ◽  
Vanessa M. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Amygdala Volume ◽  
Large Case

Aggression among combat veterans: Relationships with combat exposure and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, dysphoria, and anxiety

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey T. Taft ◽  
Dawne S. Vogt ◽  
Amy D. Marshall ◽  
Jillian Panuzio ◽  
Barbara L. Niles
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure
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