scholarly journals Typologies of Combat Exposure and Their Effects on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-956
Author(s):  
Marija Spanovic Kelber ◽  
Derek J. Smolenski ◽  
Don E. Workman ◽  
Maria A. Morgan ◽  
Abigail L. Garvey Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Depression Symptoms

scholarly journals Influence of Spirituality on Depression, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidality in Active Duty Military Personnel

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel L. Hourani ◽  
Jason Williams ◽  
Valerie Forman-Hoffman ◽  
Marian E. Lane ◽  
Belinda Weimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Active Duty Military

Understanding the role of spirituality as a potential coping mechanism for military personnel is important given growing concern about the mental health issues of personnel returning from war. This study seeks to determine the extent to which spirituality is associated with selected mental health problems among active duty military personnel and whether it moderates the relationship between combat exposure/deployment and (a) depression, (b) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (c) suicidality in active duty military personnel. Data were drawn from the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors Among Active Duty Military Personnel. Over 24,000 randomly selected active duty personnel worldwide completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire. High spirituality had a significant protective effect only for depression symptoms. Medium, as opposed to high or low, levels of spirituality buffered each of the mental health outcomes to some degree. Medium and low spirituality levels predicted depression symptoms but only among those with moderate combat exposure. Medium spirituality levels also predicted PTSD symptoms among those with moderate levels of combat exposure and predicted self-reported suicidal ideation/attempt among those never deployed. These results point to the complex relationship between spirituality and mental health, particularly among military personnel and the need for further research.

Age moderates the relationship between source of social support and mental health in racial minority lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 888-897
Author(s):  
Anna E Wise ◽  
Brian C Smith ◽  
Aaron P Armelie ◽  
Jessica M Boarts ◽  
Douglas L Delahanty
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Racial Minority ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the relationship between source of social support and mental health (and the moderating impact of age) in 64 low socioeconomic status, racial minority lesbian, gay, and bisexual adolescents/young adults. Social support from family ( β = −.302, p = .03; β = −.364, p = .008), but not friends or significant others, was independently related to posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms, respectively. Family social support was associated with lower posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms in participants aged 16–19 years, while friend social support was associated with lower symptoms for participants aged over 20 years. Friend social support was also associated with lower posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in participants aged 16–17 years. Interventions should target age-appropriate sources of social support.

scholarly journals Does deployment-related military sexual assault interact with combat exposure to predict posttraumatic stress disorder in female veterans?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Gross ◽  
Katherine C. Cunningham ◽  
Daniel A. Moore ◽  
Jennifer C. Naylor ◽  
Mira Brancu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Female Veterans ◽  
Military Sexual Assault

scholarly journals Comparison of latent typologies of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms across military personnel from India and the US

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 102195
Author(s):  
Ateka A. Contractor ◽  
Nicole H. Weiss ◽  
Melissa R. Schick ◽  
Prathiba Natesan Batley ◽  
Shannon R. Forkus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Borrowing Benefits: Group Treatment With Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques Is Associated With Simultaneous Reductions in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Anxiety, and Depression Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 215658721875651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawson Church ◽  
Dennis House
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Emotional Freedom Techniques ◽  
The Relationship

Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) is an evidence-based treatment for depression and anxiety. The current study sought to elucidate the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety in a nonclinical population. The sample (N = 81) comprised participants at five 2-day EFT workshops. All groups used an EFT protocol called Borrowing Benefits, in which the group facilitator works with a single client while other participants self-apply EFT. Participants were assessed on 9 specific conditions as well as on the breadth (Positive Symptom Total [PST]) and depth (General Symptom Index [GSI]) of psychological distress. Physical pain and addictive cravings were also assessed. Significant reductions were observed in all measures (P < .03). Associations between PST, GSI, and PTSD were significant (P < .026). Participants maintained all gains at 6-month follow-up (P < .02) with the exception of the Hostility subscale, while Cohen’s d = 0.54 indicated a moderate treatment effect for PTSD. The relationship between psychological and physiological conditions identified in this study is consistent with that found in other studies. Group treatment is cost-effective and efficient, and the efficacy of EFT in groups indicates the utility of the Borrowing Benefits technique.

Effectiveness of Cognitive Processing Therapy for Treating Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Lenz ◽  
Brian Bruijn ◽  
Nina Serman ◽  
Laura Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Alternative Treatments ◽  
Treatment Comparisons

Analyzing 11 studies, we evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and co-occurring depression symptoms in individuals diagnosed with PTSD. Separate meta-analytic procedures for between-group studies using waitlist or alternative treatment comparisons yielded large to very large effect sizes for CPT versus waitlist, and medium to large effect sizes when CPT was compared to alternative treatments. Implications for evidence-supported practice and study limitations are discussed.

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