scholarly journals Ultra-High-Resolution Imaging of Amygdala Subnuclei Structural Connectivity in Major Depressive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie S.G. Brown ◽  
John W. Rutland ◽  
Gaurav Verma ◽  
Rebecca E. Feldman ◽  
Molly Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Resolution Imaging

scholarly journals Indirect frontocingulate structural connectivity predicts clinical response to accelerated rTMS in major depressive disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Deborah C.W. Klooster ◽  
Iris N. Vos ◽  
Karen Caeyenberghs ◽  
Alexander Leemans ◽  
Szabolcs David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Microstructural deficits in the thalamus of major depressive disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Xu ◽  
Gangqiang Hou ◽  
Yuxuan Zhang ◽  
Yingli Zhang ◽  
Hui Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Microstructural Properties ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
T1 Relaxation ◽  
Structural Abnormalities

Macroscopic structural abnormalities in the thalamus and thalamic circuits have been shown to contribute to the neuropathology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, cytoarchitectonic properties underlying these macroscopic abnormalities remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify systematic deficits of brain architecture in depression, from structural brain network organization to microstructural properties. A multi-modal neuroimaging approach including diffusion, anatomical and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to examine structural-related alternations in 56 MDD patients compared with 35 age- and sex-matched controls. Structural networks were constructed and analyzed using seed-based probabilistic tractography. Morphometric measurements, including cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry (VBM), were evaluated across the whole brain. A conjunction analysis was then conducted to identify key regions showing common structural alternations across modalities. The microstructural properties, macromolecular tissue volume (MTV) and T1 relaxation times of identified key regions were then calculated. Results showed multiple alterations of structural connectivity within a set of subcortical areas and their connections to cortical regions in MDD patients. These subcortical regions included the putamen, thalamus and caudate, which are predominately involved in the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic network (LCSPT). Structural connectivity was disrupted within and between large-scale networks, mainly including subcortical networks, default mode networks and salience/ventral attention networks. Consistently, these regions also exhibited widespread volume reductions in MDD patients, specifically the bilateral thalamus, left putamen and right caudate. Importantly, the microstructural properties, T1 relaxation time of left thalamus were increased and negatively correlated with its gray matter volume in MDD patients. The present work to date sheds light on the neuropathological disruptions of LCSPT circuit in MDD, providing the first multi-modal neuroimaging evidence for the macro-micro structural abnormalities of the thalamus in patients with MDD. These findings have implications in understanding the abnormal changes of brain structures across development of MDD.

Brain Age Modeling Using High-Resolution 7T MR Imaging and Implications in Major Depressive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. S257
Author(s):  
Gaurav Verma ◽  
Yael Jacob ◽  
Laurel Morris ◽  
James Murrough ◽  
Priti Balchandani
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Brain Age

Effects of genetic variants on neural circuits in major depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2085-2085
Author(s):  
T. Frodl
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
High Angular Resolution ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Brain Changes

IntroductionThe underlying neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) is likely to represent an interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors like stress. There is growing evidence that epigenetic processes might mediate the effects of the social environment during childhood on gene expression.ObjectivesWe investigated in multimodal high-resolution MRI-genetic studies whether microstructural and functional brain changes are the result of gene-environment interactions.MethodsPatients with major depressive disorder (MDD), high-risk subjects for developing MDD and healthy participants were investigated using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) and functional MRI. Furthermore, we assessed early life adversity and measured the serotonin transporter polymorphisms (5-HTTLPR).ResultsWe demonstrated that patients with MDD have smaller hippocampal and frontal cortex volumes associated with gen-environment interactions. Healthy Subjects at risk for developing depression, who manage to stay healthy, show better activation of the frontal cognitive control system. Those who had stronger fibre connections between frontal and temporal brain regions also better managed incidences of adversity in early life.ConclusionsStress x gene interactions seem to account for at least some of the structural brain changes. Resilience against environmental stressors might be associated with stronger neural fibre connections and more effective cognitive control networks.

Biological alterations during remission of major depressive disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 633-633
Author(s):  
B. Hartinger ◽  
C. Scharinger ◽  
K. Diers ◽  
C. Kasess ◽  
W. Huf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionThe natural course of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) encompasses the occurrence of alternating intervals of major depressive episodes and remission. While several abnormalities in neural circuits related to acute MDD have been identified, the neural mechanisms underlying stable remission remain obscure.ObjectivesAcute MDD is characterized by increased amygdala and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sACC) activation and decreased connectivity between the amygdala and the sACC. Consequently, we expect those regions to be affected during remission.AimsTo determine whether active counter-regulatory mechanisms are implicated in the maintenance of full remission once antidepressant treatment has been discontinued.MethodsFunctional and structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure brain activation and volume of the amygdala and the sACC. Images were obtained from 38 healthy subjects without any psychiatric life-time diagnosis and 38 gender-matched drug-free remitted MDD patients. Furthermore, correlation analyses were performed with clinical variables.ResultsPatients with rMDD exhibited lower activation in the amygdala and the sACC and increased functional coupling between the amygdala and sACC compared to controls. This connectivity was particularly pronounced in patients characterized by a long cumulated time of depressive episodes. Similarly, structural connectivity results showed increased association between the amygdala and sACC volume in rMDD patients compared to controls.ConclusionsRemitted MDD is related to neural alterations within a neural circuit encompassing the amygdala and the sACC compared to controls. These findings suggest active counter-regulatory mechanisms likely contributing to the maintenance of remission once treatment has been discontinued.

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