Functional Connectivity Between Extrastriate Body Area and Default Mode Network Predicts Depersonalization Symptoms in Major Depression: Findings From an A Priori Specified Multinetwork Comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 627-635
Author(s):  
Elisabeth R. Paul ◽  
Madison Farmer ◽  
Robin Kämpe ◽  
Henk R. Cremers ◽  
J. Paul Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Extrastriate Body Area

scholarly journals Brain network connectivity in major depression: extending findings from a large public data set by meta-analysis across sites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Tozzi ◽  
Leanne Maree Williams
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Public Data

In this short communication, we test whether patients with major depression and healthy individuals have different functional connectivity within established brain networks. To this end, we leverage a very large multi-site data set of resting state fMRI data (1,300 depressed patients and 1,128 controls) collected by 25 groups. A previous study conducted on this data set compared functional connectivity of the default mode network between the two groups. In our investigation, we performed a meta-analysis across sites quantifying the effects of depression and symptom severity on connectivity of several brain-wide networks beyond the default mode. Running a meta-analysis instead of a mega-analysis also allowed us to calculate effect sizes, heterogeneity and prediction intervals that will be valuable to inform future studies wishing to investigate network functional connectivity in depression. Our results indicate that network connectivity differences between depressed and healthy subjects are consistently small, with confidence intervals almost always encompassing zero, in line with the mixed findings from previous research. Default mode network connectivity differences between depressed patients and controls were exceptionally heterogeneous across sites, suggesting the existence of depression sub-types with normo- and hypo-connected default mode network or a strong impact of clinical confounds on default mode network connectivity. The only networks for which connectivity in depressed individuals was consistently lower than in controls were the somato-motor and visual networks, which could be promising understudied targets for future investigation. Overall, we highlight the need of minimizing heterogeneity in future multi-site studies on functional connectivity in depression and the need for more research on novel taxonomies of mental illness that are robustly anchored in brain function.

scholarly journals Default mode network functional connectivity negatively associated with trait openness to experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Rou Marstrand-Joergensen ◽  
Martin K Madsen ◽  
Dea S Stenbæk ◽  
Brice Ozenne ◽  
Peter S Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract Evaluating associations between the five-factor personality domains and resting-state functional connectivity networks (e.g. default mode network, DMN) highlights distributed neurobiological systems linked to behaviorally relevant phenotypes. Establishing these associations can highlight a potential underlying role for these neural pathways in related clinical illness and treatment response. Here, we examined associations between within- and between-network resting-state functional connectivity with functional magnetic resonance imaging and the five-factor personality domains: Openness to experience (Openness), Extraversion, Neuroticism, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. We included data from 470 resting-state scan sessions and personality assessments in 295 healthy participants. Within- and between-network functional connectivity from 32 a priori defined regions was computed across seven resting-state networks. The association between functional connectivity and personality traits was assessed using generalized least squares. Within-network DMN functional connectivity was significantly negatively associated with trait Openness (regression coefficient = −0.0010; [95% confidence interval] = [−0.0017, −0.0003]; PFWER = 0.033), seemingly driven by association with the Fantasy subfacet. Trait Extraversion was significantly negatively associated with functional connectivity between the visual and dorsal attention networks and positively associated with functional connectivity between the frontoparietal and language networks. Our findings provide evidence that resting-state DMN is associated with trait Openness and gives insight into personality neuroscience.

scholarly journals Changes in Default-Mode Network Associated With Childhood Trauma in Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria R Dauvermann ◽  
David Mothersill ◽  
Karolina I Rokita ◽  
Sinead King ◽  
Laurena Holleran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract Background There is considerable evidence of dysconnectivity within the default-mode network (DMN) in schizophrenia, as measured during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). History of childhood trauma (CT) is observed at a higher frequency in schizophrenia than in the general population, but its relationship to DMN functional connectivity has yet to be investigated. Methods CT history and rs-fMRI data were collected in 65 individuals with schizophrenia and 132 healthy controls. Seed-based functional connectivity between each of 4 a priori defined seeds of the DMN (medial prefrontal cortex, right and left lateral parietal lobes, and the posterior cingulate cortex) and all other voxels of the brain were compared across groups. Effects of CT on functional connectivity were examined using multiple regression analyses. Where significant associations were observed, regression analyses were further used to determine whether variance in behavioral measures of Theory of Mind (ToM), previously associated with DMN recruitment, were explained by these associations. Results Seed-based analyses revealed evidence of widespread reductions in functional connectivity in patients vs controls, including between the left/right parietal lobe (LP) and multiple other regions, including the parietal operculum bilaterally. Across all subjects, increased CT scores were associated with reduced prefrontal-parietal connectivity and, in patients, with increased prefrontal-cerebellar connectivity also. These CT-associated differences in DMN connectivity also predicted variation in behavioral measures of ToM. Conclusions These findings suggest that CT history is associated with variation in DMN connectivity during rs-fMRI in patients with schizophrenia and healthy participants, which may partly mediate associations observed between early life adversity and cognitive performance.

scholarly journals Effects of bariatric surgery on functional connectivity of the reward and default mode network: A pre‐registered analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah S. Heinrichs ◽  
Frauke Beyer ◽  
Evelyn Medawar ◽  
Kristin Prehn ◽  
Jürgen Ordemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Default Mode
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