scholarly journals Wnt signaling in chondroprogenitors during long bone development and growth

Bone ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 115368
Author(s):  
Takeshi Oichi ◽  
Satoru Otsuru ◽  
Yu Usami ◽  
Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto ◽  
Masahiro Iwamoto
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone

Isolation, Culture and Identification of Bovine Skeletal Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2337-2345
Author(s):  
Junhui Lai ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Ruining Liang ◽  
Weijun Guan ◽  
Xiuxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
And Cartilage

The growth plate is essential in long bone formation and contains a wealth of skeletal stem cells (SSCs). Though the origin and the mechanism for SSCs generation remain uncertain, recent studies demonstrate the transition from cartilage to bone that in the lineage for bone development. SSCs possesses the ability to differentiate into bone and cartilage in vitro. In this research, we aimed to isolate and culture the skeletal stem cells from bovine cattle and then studied its biological characterization. The results showed that these bovine SSCs are positive for PDPN+CD73+CD164+CD90+CD44+ cell surface bio-markers, they are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. Our dates proved that SSCs exists in bovine’s long bone.

Long-bone development and life-history traits of the Devonian tristichopterid Hyneria lindae

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia KAMSKA ◽  
Edward B. DAESCHLER ◽  
Jason P. DOWNS ◽  
Per E. AHLBERG ◽  
Paul TAFFOREAU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Bone Histology ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
General Character ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Predatory Behaviour ◽  
Large Size

ABSTRACTHyneria lindae is one of the largest Devonian sarcopterygians. It was found in the Catskill Formation (late Famennian) of Pennsylvania, USA. The current study focuses on the palaeohistology of the humerus of this tristichopterid and supports a low ossification rate and a late ossification onset in the appendicular skeleton. In addition to anatomical features, the large size of the cell lacunae in the cortical bone of the humerus mid-shaft may suggest a large genome size and associated neotenic condition for this species, which could, in turn, be a partial explanation for the large size of H. lindae. The low metabolism of H. lindae revealed here by bone histology supports the hypothesis of an ambush predatory behaviour. Finally, the lines-of-arrested-growth pattern and late ossification of specimen ANSP 21483 suggest that H. lindae probably had a long juvenile stage before reaching sexual maturity. Although very few studies address the life-history traits of stem tetrapods, they all propose a slow limb development for the studied taxa despite different ecological conditions and presumably distinct behaviours. The bone histology of H. lindae would favour the hypothesis that a slow long-bone development could be a general character for stem tetrapods.

scholarly journals Rac signaling in osteoblastic cells is required for normal bone development but is dispensable for hematopoietic development

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 736-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Lane ◽  
Serena De Vita ◽  
Kylie A. Alexander ◽  
Ruchan Karaman ◽  
Michael D. Milsom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Perivascular Niche ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hsc Niche ◽  
Rac1 Gtpase

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) interact with osteoblastic, stromal, and vascular components of the BM hematopoietic microenvironment (HM) that are required for the maintenance of long-term self-renewal in vivo. Osteoblasts have been reported to be a critical cell type making up the HSC niche in vivo. Rac1 GTPase has been implicated in adhesion, spreading, and differentiation of osteoblast cell lines and is critical for HSC engraftment and retention. Recent data suggest a differential role of GTPases in endosteal/osteoblastic versus perivascular niche function. However, whether Rac signaling pathways are also necessary in the cell-extrinsic control of HSC function within the HM has not been examined. In the present study, genetic and inducible models of Rac deletion were used to demonstrate that Rac depletion causes impaired proliferation and induction of apoptosis in the OP9 cell line and in primary BM stromal cells. Deletion of Rac proteins caused reduced trabecular and cortical long bone growth in vivo. Surprisingly, HSC function and maintenance of hematopoiesis in vivo was preserved despite these substantial cell-extrinsic changes. These data have implications for therapeutic strategies to target Rac signaling in HSC mobilization and in the treatment of leukemia and provide clarification to our evolving concepts of HSC-HM interactions.

The role of Has2 on long bone development

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 22-23
Author(s):  
Peter J. Roughley ◽  
Judy Grover ◽  
Eunice R. Lee ◽  
Yu Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone

scholarly journals Effects of Incubator Temperature and Oxygen Concentration During the Plateau Stage of Oxygen Consumption on Turkey Embryo Long Bone Development

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 1484-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.O. Oviedo-Rondón ◽  
J. Small ◽  
M.J. Wineland ◽  
V.L. Christensen ◽  
J.L. Grimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone

scholarly journals The mineral dissolution function of osteoclasts is dispensable for hypertrophic cartilage degradation during long bone development and growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 393 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiani Touaitahuata ◽  
Gaelle Cres ◽  
Sylvain de Rossi ◽  
Virginie Vives ◽  
Anne Blangy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Development ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Hypertrophic Cartilage

scholarly journals Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling Uses Multiple Mechanisms To Inhibit Wnt-Induced Transcription in Osteoblasts

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (15) ◽  
pp. 4759-4771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Ambrosetti ◽  
Greg Holmes ◽  
Alka Mansukhani ◽  
Claudio Basilico
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Osteoblast Differentiation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Luciferase Expression ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

ABSTRACT Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and Wnt signals are both critical for proper bone development. We previously reported that the expression of activating FGF receptor mutations in osteoblasts downregulated the expression of many genes reported as targets of Wnt signaling, suggesting an antagonistic effect between Wnt signaling, which promotes osteoblast differentiation and function, and FGF signaling, which inhibits these processes. To analyze the effect of FGF on Wnt signaling in osteoblasts, we created reporter cell lines where a Wnt-responsive promoter drives luciferase expression and showed that Wnt3a-induced luciferase expression was specifically inhibited by FGF treatment. FGF specifically prevented the formation of a Wnt-induced transcriptional complex of TCF1 and -4 with β-catenin on DNA. FGF did not significantly affect the activation of β-catenin, although it reduced both the expression of TCF/LEF factors and their induction by Wnt. Microarray analysis using osteoblasts treated with Wnt3a and FGF alone or in combination showed that about 70% of the genes induced by Wnt3a were downregulated by combined FGF treatment. These included novel and previously identified Wnt target genes and genes involved in osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, FGF alone could downregulate the expression of four Fzd Wnt receptor genes. Our results show that FGF antagonizes Wnt signaling by inhibiting Wnt-induced transcription and suggest that multiple mechanisms, including downregulation of TCFs and Wnt receptors, contribute to this effect.

Developmental Biology II: The Role of WNT Signaling in Bone Regeneration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi R. Borrelli ◽  
Ledibabari M. Ngaage ◽  
Derrick C. Wan ◽  
Michael T. Longaker ◽  
H. Peter Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Integration Site ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Canonical Wnt

Wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling is an important regulator of bone development and regeneration. Wnts are short-range signaling molecules which act within the skeletal stem cell niche to influence cell proliferation and differentiation. Nineteen different Wnts have been identified in humans. Disruptions to Wnt signaling can lead to impairments in bone healing. Recent work has elucidated the complexities of Wnt signaling during bone development, repair, and regeneration, and highlighted its value as a potential therapeutic target for tissue regeneration. Here, we discuss the role of the canonical-Wnt-signaling pathway, its regulatory role in bone regeneration, and the recent clinical advance made towards its manipulation in regenerative medicine. This review contains 3 figures and 50 references.  Keywords: osteogenesis, bone regeneration, bone remodeling, endochondral ossification, osteoblast, osteoprogenitor, lithium, fracture healing

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