Cyclic hydrostatic pressure stimulates enhanced bone development in the foetal chick femur in vitro

Bone ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 468-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Henstock ◽  
M. Rotherham ◽  
J.B. Rose ◽  
A.J. El Haj
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Bone Development

Effects of hydrostatic pressure and inert gases on platelet aggregation in vitro

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 2239-2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Pickles ◽  
D. Ogston ◽  
A. G. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Maximum Degree ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Compression Cycle ◽  
Anesthetic Potency

A novel cuvette was used to subject citrated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to high hydrostatic pressure with negligible contamination by He (used for compression of the apparatus). Aggregation was induced at pressure by ADP and quantified turbidimetrically. The maximum degree of aggregation (MDA) was reduced from a control level of 82.2 to 53.6% by exposure to 101 ATA. Because decompression bubbles did not form, aggregation was also measured immediately after a compression cycle. After exposure to 101 ATA hydrostatic pressure, platelets responded normally to ADP at 1 ATA. In a matching apparatus, PRP was equilibrated with high partial pressures of inert gases. Normal physiological plasma Po2 and pH were maintained during equilibration. N2O (5 ATA) reduced the MDA from 86.5 (control) to 58.1%. N2 (51 ATA) reduced the MDA from 74.7 (control) to 51.6%, and 101 ATA Pn2 reduced the MDA from 78.0 (control) to 32.3%. He (100 ATA) reduced the MDA from 83.6 to 38.6%. It was concluded that platelet aggregation was relatively sensitive to hydrostatic pressure and less sensitive to inert gases than predicted from their anesthetic potency ratios.

scholarly journals High hydrostatic pressure: a new way to improve in vitro developmental competence of porcine matured oocytes after vitrification

Reproduction ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Du ◽  
C S Pribenszky ◽  
M Molnar ◽  
X Zhang ◽  
H Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
High Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Developmental Competence

Isolation, Culture and Identification of Bovine Skeletal Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2337-2345
Author(s):  
Junhui Lai ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Ruining Liang ◽  
Weijun Guan ◽  
Xiuxia Li
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
And Cartilage

The growth plate is essential in long bone formation and contains a wealth of skeletal stem cells (SSCs). Though the origin and the mechanism for SSCs generation remain uncertain, recent studies demonstrate the transition from cartilage to bone that in the lineage for bone development. SSCs possesses the ability to differentiate into bone and cartilage in vitro. In this research, we aimed to isolate and culture the skeletal stem cells from bovine cattle and then studied its biological characterization. The results showed that these bovine SSCs are positive for PDPN+CD73+CD164+CD90+CD44+ cell surface bio-markers, they are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. Our dates proved that SSCs exists in bovine’s long bone.

Integration of FGF and TWIST in calvarial bone and suture development

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (9) ◽  
pp. 1845-1855 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Rice ◽  
T. Aberg ◽  
Y. Chan ◽  
Z. Tang ◽  
P.J. Kettunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Splice Variants ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Fgf Receptor ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Suture Closure ◽  
Potential Ligand

Mutations in the FGFR1-FGFR3 and TWIST genes are known to cause craniosynostosis, the former by constitutive activation and the latter by haploinsufficiency. Although clinically achieving the same end result, the premature fusion of the calvarial bones, it is not known whether these genes lie in the same or independent pathways during calvarial bone development and later in suture closure. We have previously shown that Fgfr2c is expressed at the osteogenic fronts of the developing calvarial bones and that, when FGF is applied via beads to the osteogenic fronts, suture closure is accelerated (Kim, H.-J., Rice, D. P. C., Kettunen, P. J. and Thesleff, I. (1998) Development 125, 1241–1251). In order to investigate further the role of FGF signalling during mouse calvarial bone and suture development, we have performed detailed expression analysis of the splicing variants of Fgfr1-Fgfr3 and Fgfr4, as well as their potential ligand Fgf2. The IIIc splice variants of Fgfr1-Fgfr3 as well as the IIIb variant of Fgfr2 being expressed by differentiating osteoblasts at the osteogenic fronts (E15). In comparison to Fgf9, Fgf2 showed a more restricted expression pattern being primarily expressed in the sutural mesenchyme between the osteogenic fronts. We also carried out a detailed expression analysis of the helix-loop-helix factors (HLH) Twist and Id1 during calvaria and suture development (E10-P6). Twist and Id1 were expressed by early preosteoblasts, in patterns that overlapped those of the FGF ligands, but as these cells differentiated their expression dramatically decreased. Signalling pathways were further studied in vitro, in E15 mouse calvarial explants. Beads soaked in FGF2 induced Twist and inhibited Bsp, a marker of functioning osteoblasts. Meanwhile, BMP2 upregulated Id1. Id1 is a dominant negative HLH thought to inhibit basic HLH such as Twist. In Drosophila, the FGF receptor FR1 is known to be downstream of Twist. We demonstrated that in Twist(+/)(−) mice, FGFR2 protein expression was altered. We propose a model of osteoblast differentiation integrating Twist and FGF in the same pathway, in which FGF acts both at early and late stages. Disruption of this pathway may lead to craniosynostosis.

Effects of Chondroitin Sulphate on Fluid and Solute Transport during Peritoneal Dialysis in Rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Breborowicz ◽  
Maciej Radkowski ◽  
Jan Knapowski ◽  
Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Solute Transport ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Chondroitin Sulphate ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Fluid Removal

The effect of chondroitin sulphate (CS) on peritoneal fluid and solute transport was studied in rats undergoing peritoneal dialysis. In the presence of CS, net ultrafiltration increased, while absorption of glucose and horseradish peroxidase from the peritoneal cavity decreased. Albumin, used instead of CS, did not modify either fluid or solute transport. In in vitro experiments on isolated rabbit mesentery, CS decreased transmembrane water flow induced by hydrostatic pressure, and its effect was not fully reversed 60 minutes after “wash-out” of this glycosaminoglycan. We postulate that the polyanionic CS molecules are trapped in the peritoneal interstitium, thus decreasing its hydraulic conductivity and permeability, which in turn increases net fluid removal during peritoneal dialy sis because of its slower absorption from the peritoneal cavity.

Intestinal filtration-secretion due to increased intraluminal pressure in rabbits

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
pp. G65-G75
Author(s):  
E. A. Swabb ◽  
R. A. Hynes ◽  
W. G. Marnane ◽  
J. S. McNeil ◽  
R. A. Decker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Intestinal Transport ◽  
Blood Flow Rate ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Rabbit Ileum ◽  
Venous Dilatation ◽  
Small Intestinal

The mechanism of changes in small intestinal transport due to acutely increased intraluminal hydrostatic pressure (IHP) was investigated in detail using perfused in vivo rabbit intestinal segments. IHP affected passive transport in vivo by increasing effective mucosal surface area in the small intestine (indicated by 3HOH transport and tissue architectural changes) and increasing small intestinal permeability (indicated by a proportionately greater increase in mannitol than erythritol secretory clearance). IHP did not alter ileal blood flow rate measured by radioactive microspheres, despite grossly evident venous dilatation, or active intestinal transport in the ileum as measured by a) in vitro ion transport in the absence of elevated hydrostatic pressure, b) mucosal adenylate cyclase or Na-K-ATPase activities, and c) glucose-stimulated water and electrolyte absorption. Acutely increased IHP appears to influence the hydrodynamics of the mucosal microcirculation in the rabbit ileum to produce a driving force for passive filtration-secretion, which is associated with and possibly augmented by increased tissue permeability and effective surface area.

Effects of intermittent hydrostatic pressure and BMP-2 on osteoarthritic human chondrocyte metabolism in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Smith ◽  
D.P. Lindsey ◽  
L. Dhulipala ◽  
A.H.S. Harris ◽  
S.B. Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Human Chondrocyte ◽  
Chondrocyte Metabolism

Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure on Meniscus Cell-Seeded PLLA Scaffolds

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmuddin J. Gunja ◽  
Kyriacos A. Athanasiou
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
Meniscus Cell ◽  
Intermittent Loading ◽  
Cartilage Explant

Cartilage explant studies have shown that mechanical stimuli increase extracellular matrix (ECM) expression and synthesis in vitro [1]. The use of hydrostatic pressure (HP), as a loading regimen, is of particular interest as it causes no cellular deformation. This may be useful in tissue engineering studies where scaffolds with limited mechanical integrity need to withstand intermittent loading conditions. Studies investigating the effect of HP on 3-D cultures of chondrocytes have met with modest success [2, 3]; however literature on meniscal fibrochondrocytes is lacking.

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