scholarly journals Parametric response mapping of CT images provides early detection of local bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis

Bone ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Hoff ◽  
Kenneth M. Kozloff ◽  
Jennifer L. Boes ◽  
Jean-Christophe Brisset ◽  
Stefanie Galbán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Response Mapping ◽  
Local Bone ◽  
Parametric Response

scholarly journals From: Benjamin Lemasson Parametric response mapping as a new MRI approach for the characterization of posttraumatic cerebral edema

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules Greze ◽  
Pierre Bouzat ◽  
Jean François Payen de la Garanderie ◽  
Emmanuel Barbier ◽  
Benjamin Lemasson
Keyword(s):  
Brain Edema ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Response Mapping ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Images ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Parametric Response

Purpose Cerebral edema is usually assessed with mean ADC value obtained with MRI. We aimed to use parametric response mapping (PRM), a voxel-based analysis, in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) to characterize the cerebral edema and to compare findings to those obtained with the classical global mean ADC analysis. Ultimately we wished to test whether early PRM analysis could identify the vasogenic or cellular edematous pattern two hours after trauma. Materials and Methods Experiments were conducted in a rat model of TBI in accordance with French Government guidelines. Eighteen traumatic brain-injured rats (TBI group) were compared to 7 sham-operated rats (Sham group). Diffusion-weighted images were acquired before and immediately (H0), 60min (H1) and 120min (H2) after the trauma. Two regions of interest (ROI) including cortex (cortical-ROI) and the whole brain (brainROI) were manually delineated. Results Averaged ADC value in cortical-ROI was significantly reduced at H2 in the TBI group versus Sham group (715±24 vs 781±16 µm²/sec; p=0.04), not in brain-ROI (748±27 vs 801±18 µm²/sec; p=0.32). By contrast, PRM values were significantly changed in these two ROIs at as soon as H1 in the TBI group (27.5±4% of the voxels beyond the PRM threshold in TBI group vs 5.1±1% in sham group; p<0.01). PRM was able to identify the nature of post traumatic cerebral edema: vasogenic, cellular or mixed pattern. ADC data obtained immediately after TBI and analyzed using PRM correlated with ADC data obtained at H2. Conclusion The PRM approach is more sensitive than averaged ADC at detecting and identifying post-traumatic brain edema. It is able to PRM might be a promising tool to individualize the management of patients with posttraumatic brain edema.

scholarly journals A 3D-CNN model with CT-based parametric response mapping for classifying COPD subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thao Thi Ho ◽  
Taewoo Kim ◽  
Woo Jin Kim ◽  
Chang Hyun Lee ◽  
Kum Ju Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Response Mapping ◽  
Small Airway Disease ◽  
3D Cnn ◽  
Parametric Response

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disorder involving abnormalities of lung parenchymal morphology with different severities. COPD is assessed by pulmonary-function tests and computed tomography-based approaches. We introduce a new classification method for COPD grouping based on deep learning and a parametric-response mapping (PRM) method. We extracted parenchymal functional variables of functional small airway disease percentage (fSAD%) and emphysema percentage (Emph%) with an image registration technique, being provided as input parameters of 3D convolutional neural network (CNN). The integrated 3D-CNN and PRM (3D-cPRM) achieved a classification accuracy of 89.3% and a sensitivity of 88.3% in five-fold cross-validation. The prediction accuracy of the proposed 3D-cPRM exceeded those of the 2D model and traditional 3D CNNs with the same neural network, and was comparable to that of 2D pretrained PRM models. We then applied a gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) that highlights the key features in the CNN learning process. Most of the class-discriminative regions appeared in the upper and middle lobes of the lung, consistent with the regions of elevated fSAD% and Emph% in COPD subjects. The 3D-cPRM successfully represented the parenchymal abnormalities in COPD and matched the CT-based diagnosis of COPD.

Oral administration of kaempferol inhibits bone loss in rat model of ovariectomy-induced osteopenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Nowak ◽  
Agnieszka Matuszewska ◽  
Anna Nikodem ◽  
Jarosław Filipiak ◽  
Marcin Landwójtowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Rat Model

scholarly journals Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in RAW 264.7 Cells and Prevents Bone Loss in an Ovariectomized Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Minsun Kim ◽  
MinBeom Kim ◽  
Jae-Hyun Kim ◽  
SooYeon Hong ◽  
Dong Hee Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Ovariectomized Rat ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Crataegus Pinnatifida

Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone microarchitecture with an increased risk of fracture. Long-term use of primary treatments, such as bisphosphonates and selective estrogen receptor modulators, results in various side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative therapeutics derived from natural products. Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge (CPB) is a dried fruit used to treat diet-induced indigestion, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. However, research into the effects of CPB on osteoclast differentiation and osteoporosis is still limited. In vitro experiments were conducted to examine the effects of CPB on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, we investigated the effects of CPB on bone loss in the femoral head in an ovariectomized rat model using microcomputed tomography. In vitro, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining results showed the number of TRAP-positive cells, and TRAP activity significantly decreased following CPB treatment. CPB also significantly decreased pit formation. Furthermore, CPB inhibited osteoclast differentiation by suppressing NFATc1, and c-Fos expression. Moreover, CPB treatment inhibited osteoclast-related genes, such as Nfatc1, Ca2, Acp5, mmp9, CtsK, Oscar, and Atp6v0d2. In vivo, bone mineral density and structure model index were improved by administration of CPB. In conclusion, CPB prevented osteoclast differentiation in vitro and prevented bone loss in vivo. Therefore, CPB could be a potential alternative medicine for bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Sclerostin inhibition reverses systemic, periarticular and local bone loss in arthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1732-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xiang Chen ◽  
Wolfgang Baum ◽  
Denise Dwyer ◽  
Michael Stock ◽  
Kay Schwabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Local Bone
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