Assessment of partial nitrification reactor performance through microbial population shift using quinone profile, FISH and SEM

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (18) ◽  
pp. 3602-3610 ◽  
Author(s):  
B SINHA ◽  
A ANNACHHATRE
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Quinone Profile ◽  
Population Shift

Effect of ammonium to nitrite ratio on reactor performance and microbial population structure in anammox reactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (26) ◽  
pp. 3396-3411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nomalanga P. Gasa ◽  
Chika F. Nnadozie ◽  
Kiprotich Kosgey ◽  
Faizal Bux ◽  
Sheena Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Reactor Performance

Newly designed high-coverage degenerate primers for nitrogen removal mechanism analysis in a partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) process

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingkun Wang ◽  
Jianzhong He
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria

ABSTRACT Reliable tools for quantification of different functional populations are required to achieve stable, effective nutrients removal in partial nitrification and anammox (PN/A) processes. Here we report the design and validation of degenerate PCR primer pairs targeting anammox bacteria, aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AeAOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) with high coverage but without sacrificing specificity. The new primer pairs are able to cover a broader range of the targeted populations (58.4 vs 21.7%, 49.5 vs 47.6%, 80.7 vs 57.2% and 70.5 vs 42.3% of anammox bacteria, AeAOB, Nitrobacter and Nitrospina, respectively) than previously published primers. Particularly, the Amx719F/875R primer can retrieve a larger number of 16S rRNA genes from different types of samples with amplicons covering all known anammox bacteria genera (100% coverage) including the recently found novel genus, Asahi BRW. These newly desinged primers will provide a more reliable molecular tool to investigate the mechanisms of nitrogen removal in PN/A processes, which can provide clearer links between reactor performance, the metabolic activities and abundances of functional populations, shedding light on conditions that are favorable to the establishment of stable PN/A.

Ecological Studies of Aerobic Submerged Biofilter on the Basis of Respiratory Quinone Profiles

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Fujie ◽  
Hong-Ying Hu ◽  
Hajime Tanaka ◽  
Kohei Urano
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Quinone Profile ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Analytical Operation

Respiratory quinone profiles were applied as tools for identifying different bacterial populations in the aerobic submerged biofilter along with the change of environment such as the temperature and the loading of hard-biodegradable chemicals. To begin with, a novel and simplified analytical operation of respiratory quinones was developed. A diversity in microbial population was observed in the film cultivated at the higher temperature. The change of microbial population in the course of acclimation to hard-biodegradable chemicals such as dimethylformamide(DMF, hereafter) was clarified on the basis of quinone profile.

scholarly journals Determining the efficiency of the anammox process for the treatment of high- ammonia influent wastewater

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jashan Gokal
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Nutrient Load ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Population Shift ◽  
Anammox Process

Domestic wastewater contains a high nutrient load, primarily in the form of Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), and Phosphorous (P) compounds. If left untreated, these nutrients can cause eutrophication in receiving environments. Biological wastewater treatment utilizes a suspension of microorganisms that metabolize this excess nutrient load. Nitrogen removal in these systems are due to the synergistic processes of nitrification and denitrification, each of which requires its own set of operating parameters and controlling microbial groups. An alternative N-removal pathway termed the anammox process allows for total N-removal in a single step under anoxic conditions. This process, mediated by the anammox bacterial group, requires no organic carbon, produces negligible greenhouse gases and requires almost 50 % less energy than the conventional process, making it a promising new technology for efficient and cost-effective N-removal. In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was established for the autotrophic removal of N-rich wastewater through an anammox-centric bacterial consortia. The key microbial members of this consortia were characterized and quantified over time using molecular methods and next generation sequencing to determine if the operational conditions had any effect on the seed inoculum population composition. Additionally, local South African wastewater treatment plants were screened for the presence of anammox bacteria through 16S rRNA amplification and enrichment in different reactor types. A 3 L bench scale SBR was inoculated with active biomass (~ 5 % (v/v)) sourced from a parent anammox enrichment reactor, and maintained at a temperature of 35 °C ± 1 °C. The reactor was fed with a synthetic wastewater medium containing no organic C, minimal dissolved oxygen (< 0.5 mg/L), and N in the form of ammonium and nitrite in the ratio of 1:1.3. The reactor was operated for a period of 366 days and the effluent ammonium, nitrite and nitrate were measured during this period. The hydraulic retention time was controlled at 4.55 days from Day 1 to Day 250, and thereafter shortened to 1.52 days from Day 251 to Day 360 due to an increased nitrogen removal rate (NRR). During Phase I of operation (Day 1 to Day 150), the reactor performance gradually increased up to an NRR of ~160 mg N/day. During Phase II (Day 151 to Day 250), the overall reactor performance decreased with the NRR decreasing to ~90 mg N/day, while Phase III (Day 251 to Day 366) displayed a gradual recovery of NRR back to the reactor optimum of ~160 mg N/day. The accumulation of nitrate in the effluent during the latter parts of Phase II and Phase III, coupled with oxygen ingress (~2.1 mg/L) in the same period, indicated that it was not the anammox pathway that was dominating N-removal within the reactor, but more likely the second half of the nitrification pathway mediated by the nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). This was further confirmed through molecular analysis, which indicated that the bacterial population had shifted significantly over the course of reactor operation. Quantitative PCR methods displayed a decrease in all the key N-removing population groups from Day 1 to Day 140, and a marginal increase in anammox and aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria from Day 140 – Day 260. From Day 300 onwards, NOB had started dominating the system, simultaneously suppressing the growth of other N-removing bacterial groups. Despite this, the NRR peaked during this period, indicating an alternative mechanism for ammonia removal within the reactor system. A total population analysis using NGS was also performed, which corroborated the QPCR results and displayed a population shift away from anammox bacteria towards predominantly NOB and members of the phylum Chloroflexi. The proliferation of aerobic NOB and Chloroflexi, and the suppression of anammox bacteria, indicated that DO ingress was indeed the primary cause of the population shift within the reactor. Despite this population shift, N-removal within the reactor remained high. New pathways have recently emerged which implicate these two groups as potential N oxidizers, with specific NOB groups showing the ability for oxidation of ammonia through the comammox process, and members of the Phylum Chloroflexi being capable of nitrite reduction. This could imply that an alternate pathway was responsible for the majority of N-removal within the system, in addition to the anammox and conventional nitrification pathways. Additionally, in an attempt to detect a local anammox reservoir, eleven wastewater systems from around South Africa were screened for the presence of anammox bacteria. Through direct and nested PCR-based screening, anammox bacteria was not detectable in any of the activated sludge samples tested. Based on the operating conditions of the source wastewater systems, a subset of three sludge samples were selected for further enrichment. After 60-110 days of enrichment in multiple reactor configurations, only one reactor sample tested positive for the presence of anammox bacteria. Although this result indicates that anammox bacteria might not be ubiquitous within every biological wastewater system, it is more likely that anammox bacteria might only be present at undetectable levels, and that an extended enrichment prior to screening is necessary for a true representation of anammox bacterial prevalence in an environmental sample.

Reactor Performance and Microbial Population Characteristics in a Channel with Suspended and Attached Biomass

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 61-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. S. Cao ◽  
G. J. Alaerts ◽  
M. Kaewsaengtham
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Process Kinetics ◽  
Intrinsic Kinetics ◽  
Attached Biomass ◽  
Kinetics Of

A well mixed recirculating indoor channel was adopted to investigate aerobic heterotrophic biodegradation in drainage systems with suspended and attached biomass. The focused points include microbial activity and intrinsic kinetics of the liquid and biofilm, and the process kinetics. The linkage between reactor performance and the characteristics of biomass population was noticed.

Pectin Induces an In Vitro Rumen Microbial Population Shift Attributed to the Pectinolytic Treponema Group

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Yi-Yi Pu ◽  
Qian Xie ◽  
Jia-Kun Wang ◽  
Jian-Xin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Population Shift

Microbial population shift caused by sulfamethoxazole in engineered-Soil Aquifer Treatment (e-SAT) system

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwinkumar P. Rudrashetti ◽  
Niti B. Jadeja ◽  
Deepa Gandhi ◽  
Asha A. Juwarkar ◽  
Abhinav Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Population Shift ◽  
Engineered Soil

Comparison of rod- versus filament-type methanogenic granules: microbial population and reactor performance

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Min Wu ◽  
J�rgen H. Thiele ◽  
Mahendra K. Jain ◽  
H. Stuart Pankratz ◽  
Robert F. Hickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Filament Type
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