Forest structure following natural disturbances and early succession provides habitat for two avian flagship species, capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and hazel grouse (Tetrastes bonasia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mareike Kortmann ◽  
Marco Heurich ◽  
Hooman Latifi ◽  
Sascha Rösner ◽  
Rupert Seidl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
Tetrao Urogallus ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Hazel Grouse ◽  
Early Succession

scholarly journals Forest structure along a 600 km transect of natural disturbances and seasonality gradients in central-southern Amazonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1335-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Schietti ◽  
Demétrius Martins ◽  
Thaise Emilio ◽  
Priscila F. Souza ◽  
Carolina Levis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Southern Amazonia

Historical natural disturbances shape spruce primary forest structure and indirectly influence bird assemblage composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
pp. 118647
Author(s):  
Ondrej Kameniar ◽  
Michal Baláž ◽  
Marek Svitok ◽  
Jiří Reif ◽  
Martin Mikoláš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Assemblage Composition ◽  
Bird Assemblage

Seventy-seven years of natural disturbances in a mountain forest area — the influence of storm, snow, and insect damage analysed with a long-term time series

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2249-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Hanewinkel ◽  
Johannes Breidenbach ◽  
Till Neeff ◽  
Edgar Kublin
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Insect Outbreaks ◽  
Planted Forests ◽  
Risk Processes

We investigated the effects of site properties, forest structure, and time on snow breakage, insect outbreaks, windthrow, and total damage for predominantly planted forests. A time series of forest damage in southwestern Germany spanning 77 years, from 1925 to 2001, was available along with a database on site properties and forest structure. The statistical modeling procedure successively addressed (i) probability of damage occurrence, (ii) timber loss in damaging events, and (iii) interaction among damage agents over time. Logistic and linear regressions were combined with multivariate autoregressive techniques. Natural disturbances were responsible for a total timber loss of 3.0 m3· ha–1· year–1. The distribution of the timber loss values over the years and over sites and stands with different properties was modeled with a standard error of 6.7 m3· ha–1· year–1. Disturbances are more likely to occur in previously damaged stands. Storm events typically provoke subsequent insect outbreaks between 2 and 6 years later. Large windthrow and snow breakage events tend to occur periodically, once every 10th, 11th, or 15th year. Analysis of disturbances as a time series significantly enhances understanding of forest risk processes.

Aufzuchtshabitate für Auerhühner – ein Experiment mit Haushuhnküken | Capercaillie chick habitat – an experiment with barn fowl chicks

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 (7) ◽  
pp. 264-270
Author(s):  
Maria Stettler ◽  
Roland F. Graf ◽  
Niklaus Zbinden
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Tetrao Urogallus ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lower Quantity ◽  
Movement Ability ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
Characteristic Field

Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) populations in Switzerland declined seriously in the past decades. The national capercaillie action plan defines actions to improve forest structure and composition in order to further the populations of the largest grouse species. These habitat measures should focus on improving summer habitat for hens with chicks, because winter habitats are available in good quality and quantity. However, our knowledge on reproduction habitats in alpine conditions is limited. In this study, we investigated microclimatic conditions, i.e. plant wetness, and movement ability of barn fowl chicks in seven characteristic field layer types in the northern Swiss Lower Alps. In the experiment on movement ability, we worked with barn fowl instead of capercaillie chicks for methodological reasons. In the bilberry-dominated vegetation, we measured a significantly lower quantity of water than in the vegetation types without bilberry. In the movement experiment, we found no significant differences between the vegetation types. As a qualitative result, we observed that the chicks moved easily even in high (> 30 cm) and close bilberry vegetation. Our results suggest that bilberry-dominated vegetation provides better conditions for grouse chicks than wet meadows and pastures, because less water adheres to the bilberry plants. Thus, the chicks get less wet in bilberry vegetation, which probably has a positive influence on the survival of the chicks. Even tall and dense vegetation seems not to impede the movement of the chicks. The results of our experiment may not be directly transferable to the demands of capercaillie chicks. Nevertheless, our study provides further evidence for the importance of bilberry as capercaillie chick habitat, especially in regions with high precipitations.

Habitat fragmentation causes collapse of kelp recruitment

2020 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
pp. 111-123
Author(s):  
C Layton ◽  
MJ Cameron ◽  
M Tatsumi ◽  
V Shelamoff ◽  
JT Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Turf Algae

Kelp forests in many regions are experiencing disturbance from anthropogenic sources such as ocean warming, pollution, and overgrazing. Unlike natural disturbances such as storms, anthropogenic disturbances often manifest as press perturbations that cause persistent alterations to the environment. One consequence is that some kelp forests are becoming increasingly sparse and fragmented. We manipulated patch size of the kelp Ecklonia radiata over 24 mo to simulate persistent habitat fragmentation and assessed how this influenced the demography of macro- and microscopic juvenile kelp within the patches. At the beginning of the experiment, patch formation resulted in short-term increases in E. radiata recruitment in patches <1 m2. However, recruitment collapsed in those same patches over the extended period, with no recruits observed after 15 mo. Experimental transplants of microscopic and macroscopic juvenile sporophytes into the patches failed to identify the life stage impacted by the reductions in patch size, indicating that the effects may be subtle and require extended periods to manifest, and/or that another life stage is responsible. Abiotic measurements within the patches indicated that kelp were less able to engineer the sub-canopy environment in smaller patches. In particular, reduced shading of the sub-canopy in smaller patches was associated with proliferation of sediments and turf algae, which potentially contributed to the collapse of recruitment. We demonstrate the consequences of short- and longer-term degradation of E. radiata habitats and conclude that habitat fragmentation can lead to severe disruptions to kelp demography.

Evaluation of roe deer effects upon forest structure in Nogueira Mountain (NE of Portugal)

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurora Monzon ◽  
António L. Crespí ◽  
Sónia Pinto ◽  
Adriano Castro ◽  
Claúdia P. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Roe Deer
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