scholarly journals Antiurolithic activity and biotransformation of galloylquinic acids by Aspergillus alliaceus ATCC10060, Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404, and Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 10028b

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 101012
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd El-Salam ◽  
Niege Furtado ◽  
Zejfa Haskic ◽  
John Lieske ◽  
Jairo Bastos
Keyword(s):  
Cunninghamella Elegans ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽  
Aspergillus Alliaceus

scholarly journals In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic Extract from Varthemia iphionoides Leaves

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moawiya A. Haddad ◽  
Saeid M. Abu-Romman ◽  
Ahmad S. Sharab
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Cunninghamella Elegans ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽  
Sensitive Bacterium

<p>In the Mediterranean region, <em>Varthemia iphionoides</em> is commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The present study described the antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of <em>V.</em> <em>iphionoides</em> leaves. The extract was assayed against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi using agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract was investigated against six standard bacterial species and was found to exhibit high antibacterial activity. The most sensitive bacterium was <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae </em>ATCC 13883 followed by <em>Proteus vulgaris</em> ATCC 13315 and methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> ATCC 95047. The least sensitive bacterium to <em>V.</em> <em>iphionoides</em> methanolic extract was <em>Escherichia coli</em> O157:H7 ATCC43895. Antifungal susceptibility of 13 fungal species was tested against <em>V.</em> <em>iphionoides</em> methanolic extract. Among the fungal species studied, <em>Fusarium lini</em> was the most sensitive and <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> was the most resistant to the extract. Good antifungal activity has been displayed by the methanolic extract of <em>V.</em> <em>iphionoides</em> against <em>Aspergillus brasiliensis</em>,<em> Aspergillus niger</em>, and <em>Aspergillus alliaceus</em>,<em> Aspergillus flavus</em>, <em>Cunninghamella echinulata</em>, <em>Gibberella fujikuroi</em>, <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em>, <em>Cephalosporum aphidicola</em>, <em>Rhizoupus stolonifer</em>, <em>Curvularia lunata</em> and <em>Cunninghamella elegans</em>. The observed antimicrobial potential of <em>V.</em> <em>iphionoides</em> indicated that this plant possesses bioactive compounds that are able to combat pathogenic microorganisms and support its traditional use in the treatment of pathogen infection.</p>

scholarly journals Mapping the Biotransformation of Coumarins through Filamentous Fungi

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jainara Santos do Nascimento ◽  
Wilson Elias Rozo Núñez ◽  
Valmore Henrique Pereira dos Santos ◽  
Josefina Aleu ◽  
Sílvio Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Cunninghamella Elegans ◽  
Chemical Derivatization ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽  
Selective Hydroxylation ◽  
Natural Coumarins

Natural coumarins are present in remarkable amounts as secondary metabolites in edible and medicinal plants, where they display interesting bioactivities. Considering the wide enzymatic arsenal of filamentous fungi, studies on the biotransformation of coumarins using these microorganisms have great importance in green chemical derivatization. Several reports on the biotransformation of coumarins using fungi have highlighted the achievement of chemical analogs with high selectivity by using mild and ecofriendly conditions. Prompted by the enormous pharmacological, alimentary, and chemical interest in coumarin-like compounds, this study evaluated the biotransformation of nine coumarin scaffolds using Cunninghamella elegans ATCC 10028b and Aspergillus brasiliensis ATCC 16404. The chemical reactions which were catalyzed by the microorganisms were highly selective. Among the nine studied coumarins, only two of them were biotransformed. One of the coumarins, 7-hydroxy-2,3-dihydrocyclopenta[c]chromen-4(1H)-one, was biotransformed into the new 7,9-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrocyclopenta[c]chromen-4(1H)-one, which was generated by selective hydroxylation in an unactivated carbon. Our results highlight some chemical features of coumarin cores that are important to biotransformation using filamentous fungi.

Mikrobizide und viruzide Aufbereitung von Dialysegeräten

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (02) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Friedrich von Rheinbaben ◽  
Oliver Riebe ◽  
Johanna Köhnlein ◽  
Sebastian Werner
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis

ZusammenfassungZentrales Bauteil des Genius® 90 Therapie Systems ist der sogenannte Genius-Tank, dem die frische Dialyseflüssigkeit entnommen und in den die verbrauchte Lösung nach der Dialyse zurückgeführt wird. Daher kommt der sicheren Aufbereitung des Systems eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Hierfür wird ein Aufbereitungsverfahren unter Verwendung von UV-Licht in Kombination mit einem chemischen Desinfektionsmittel angewendet. Ziel der hier beschriebenen Untersuchung war es, die Wirkungsbreite und Wirkungstiefe dieses Aufbereitungsverfahrens unter praxisnahen Phase-3-Bedingungen zu ermitteln. Dazu wurde das Gerät mit Mikroorganismen und Viren künstlich kontaminiert und die Wirkung der einzelnen Verfahrensschritte ermittelt. Im Gegensatz zu der üblichen Vorgehensweise praxisnaher Untersuchungen machen Aufbereitungsverfahren medizinischer Geräte unter Phase-3-Kriterien meist eine neuartige Arbeitsweise erforderlich – im Falle der hier vorgestellten Untersuchung sogar die Konstruktion eines speziellen Geräts zur Platzierung von Keimträgen im Genius-Tank. Im Ergebnis konnte gezeigt werden, dass bereits UV-Licht allein sowie in Kombination mit einem chemischen Desinfektionsmittel unter praxisnahen Bedingungen eine sichere Wirksamkeit gegen Bakterien (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) und bakterielle Sporen (Bacillus subtilis), Schimmelpilze (Aspergillus brasiliensis) und Viren (Murines Parvovirus) besitzt.

scholarly journals Variability in chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of Rosa × damascena Herrm. from mountainous regions of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansureh Ghavam ◽  
Afsaneh Afzali ◽  
Maria Manconi ◽  
Gianluigi Bacchetta ◽  
Maria Letizia Manca
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽  
Suitable Area

Abstract Background Essential oil of Rosa × damascena Herrm. is one of the most valuable and important raw materials for the flavor and fragrance industry. The cultivation of this plant has ancient origins, and Kashan was one of the first mountainous regions of Iran dealing with the cultivation of R. × damascena. In this study, both chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of different rose essential oils obtained from five mountainous areas of Kashan region (Maragh, Qamsar, Sadeh, Javinan, and Kamoo) has been investigated along with the influence of the environmental conditions on these properties. Results Results showed that yield and chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Rosa × damascena were significantly affected by the collection area. In particular, the yield of oils varied from ~0.08 to ~0.132% and citronellol (36.70-9.18%), geraniol (12.82-0.47%), nonadecane (22.73-10.36%), heneicosane (31.7-11.43%), and 1-nonadecene (6.03-3.93%) have been detected as main compounds in all the plants collected, but at different concentrations depending on the collection area. The best fragrance and the highest yield were found in the oil from Kamoo area. Similarly to the chemical composition, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was affected by their origin, and essential oil obtained from plants collected from Kamoo area disclosed the highest antibacterial and antifungal efficacy. Its inhibition halos were 17.33±0.58 mm against Aspergillus brasiliensis, 15.67±0.58 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, and 12.33±0. 58 mm against Streptococcus pyogenes. Essential oils of R. damascena were also effective against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and they had a MIC value of 62.50 μg/mL irrespective of the collection area (except the oil from Javinan area). On the contrary, the highest antifungal power against Candida albicans yeast was reached using the essential oil obtained from plants collected in Javinan region (MIC and MBC ~62.50 μg/mL). Conclusions Overall results underline the influence of environmental conditions of the different areas of Kashan region, on the chemical composition of and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Rosa × damascena. In addition, results disclosed that Kamoo seemed to be the most suitable area for the competitive cultivation of R. × damascena to the intensive production of aromatic flower oil and natural antimicrobial essential oils.

scholarly journals Synthesis of the Bacteriostatic Poly(L-Lactide) by Using Zinc (II)[(acac)(L)H2O] (L = Aminoacid-Based Chelate Ligands) as an Effective ROP Initiator

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6950
Author(s):  
Renata Barczyńska-Felusiak ◽  
Małgorzata Pastusiak ◽  
Piotr Rychter ◽  
Bożena Kaczmarczyk ◽  
Michał Sobota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Zinc Complexes ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽  
Acetylacetonate Complex ◽  
Distorted Trigonal Bipyramid ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

The paper presents a synthesis of poly(l-lactide) with bacteriostatic properties. This polymer was obtained by ring-opening polymerization of the lactide initiated by selected low-toxic zinc complexes, Zn[(acac)(L)H2O], where L represents N-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene) tryptophan or N-(2-pyridin-4-ylethylidene) phenylalanine. These complexes were obtained by reaction of Zn[(acac)2 H2O] and Schiff bases, , the products of the condensation of amino acids and 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde. The composition, structure, and geometry of the synthesized complexes were determined by NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and molecular modeling. Both complexes showed the geometry of a distorted trigonal bipyramid. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of both complexes were found to be much stronger than those of the primary Schiff bases. The present study showed a higher efficiency of polymerization when initiated by the obtained zinc complexes than when initiated by the zinc(II) acetylacetonate complex. The synthesized polylactide showed antibacterial properties, especially the product obtained by polymerization initiated by a zinc(II) complex with a ligand based on l-phenylalanine. The polylactide showed a particularly strong antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus brasiliensis. At the same time, this polymer does not exhibit fibroblast cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Chloroxylenol by Cunninghamella elegans IM 1785/21GP and Trametes versicolor IM 373: Insight into Ecotoxicity and Metabolic Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4360
Author(s):  
Marta Nowak ◽  
Katarzyna Zawadzka ◽  
Janusz Szemraj ◽  
Aleksandra Góralczyk-Bińkowska ◽  
Katarzyna Lisowska
Keyword(s):  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Cunninghamella Elegans ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
By Products

Chloroxylenol (PCMX) is applied as a preservative and disinfectant in personal care products, currently recommended for use to inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Its intensive application leads to the release of PCMX into the environment, which can have a harmful impact on aquatic and soil biotas. The aim of this study was to assess the mechanism of chloroxylenol biodegradation by the fungal strains Cunninghamella elegans IM 1785/21GP and Trametes versicolor IM 373, and investigate the ecotoxicity of emerging by-products. The residues of PCMX and formed metabolites were analysed using GC-MS. The elimination of PCMX in the cultures of tested microorganisms was above 70%. Five fungal by-products were detected for the first time. Identified intermediates were performed by dechlorination, hydroxylation, and oxidation reactions catalysed by cytochrome P450 enzymes and laccase. A real-time quantitative PCR analysis confirmed an increase in CYP450 genes expression in C. elegans cells. In the case of T. versicolor, spectrophotometric measurement of the oxidation of 2,20-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) showed a significant rise in laccase activity during PCMX elimination. Furthermore, with the use of bioindicators from different ecosystems (Daphtoxkit F and Phytotoxkit), it was revealed that the biodegradation process of PCMX had a detoxifying nature.

Transformation of artemisinin by Cunninghamella elegans

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 782-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Parshikov ◽  
K. M. Muraleedharan ◽  
M. A. Avery ◽  
J. S. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Cunninghamella Elegans
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