Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial interaction mediated by mitofusin-1 or mitofusin-2 is not required for lipid droplet formation or adipocyte differentiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 478 (1) ◽  
pp. 392-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. McFie ◽  
Prashant Ambilwade ◽  
Huyen Vu ◽  
Scot J. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Mitofusin 2 ◽  
Lipid Droplet Formation ◽  
Mitofusin 1

scholarly journals Induction of Liver Steatosis and Lipid Droplet Formation in ATF6α-Knockout Mice Burdened with Pharmacological Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 2975-2986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Yamamoto ◽  
Kazuna Takahara ◽  
Seiichi Oyadomari ◽  
Tetsuya Okada ◽  
Takashi Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Lipid Droplet Formation ◽  
Transcriptional Induction

Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activates homeostatic responses collectively termed the unfolded protein response. Among the three principal signaling pathways operating in mammals, activating transcription factor (ATF)6α plays a pivotal role in transcriptional induction of ER-localized molecular chaperones and folding enzymes as well as components of ER-associated degradation, and thereby mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient in ATF6α are sensitive to ER stress. However, ATF6α-knockout mice show no apparent phenotype under normal growing conditions. In this report, we burdened mice with intraperitoneal injection of the ER stress-inducing reagent tunicamycin and found that wild-type mice were able to recover from the insult, whereas ATF6α-knockout mice exhibited liver dysfunction and steatosis. Thus, ATF6α-knockout mice accumulated neutral lipids in the liver such as triacylglycerol and cholesterol, which was ascribable to blockage of β-oxidation of fatty acids caused by decreased mRNA levels of the enzymes involved in the process, suppression of very-low-density lipoprotein formation due to destabilized apolipoprotein B-100, and stimulation of lipid droplet formation resulting from transcriptional induction of adipose differentiation-related protein. Accordingly, the hepatocytes of tunicamycin-injected knockout mice were filled with many lipid droplets. These results establish links among ER stress, lipid metabolism, and steatosis.

An endoplasmic reticulum-targeting fluorescent probe for imaging ˙OH in living cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (47) ◽  
pp. 6344-6347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Zhao ◽  
Hongyu Li ◽  
Ziyin Chai ◽  
Wen Shi ◽  
Xiaohua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Lipid Droplet ◽  
Droplet Formation ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Lipid Droplet Formation ◽  
Er Targeting ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Targeting

A new ER-targeting fluorescent probe for ˙OH is developed and applied to imaging ˙OH generation as well as lipid droplet formation in ER stress.

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