Formation mechanism of hierarchical Micro- and nanostructures on copper induced by low-cost nanosecond lasers

2019 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
pp. 412-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangyou Long ◽  
Zuo Cao ◽  
Chaohui Lin ◽  
Caixia Zhou ◽  
Zhijian He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nanosecond Lasers

Preparation of FePO4•2H2O with Flower-like Microstructure by a Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 550-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Jiang ◽  
Wen Qin Wang ◽  
Yu Song Liu ◽  
Zhi Meng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Process

FePO4·2H2O with orthorhombic flower-like microstructure was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal process which was of low-cost and easy processing in large area. The formation mechanism of the flower-like FePO4·2H2O was discussed in details by investigating the different concentration of reactants and reaction time. The results show that the morphology of FePO4·2H2O changed from microsphere to flower-like structure, which possess an unique morphology with six petals and the angle of each petal being 60o. The formation mechanism of FePO4·2H2O flowers can be explained by the dissolution-recrystallization and crystal splitting.

Hologram Images Patterned in Shrink BOPP Film by Large-Area Roller Nanoimprint Lithography

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 503-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Lin Jiang ◽  
Shi Wei Lin ◽  
Wen Kai Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Nanoimprint Lithography ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Flexible Substrates ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene ◽  
Oriented Polypropylene ◽  
Lithography Technique

Thermal roller nanoimprint lithography with the ability of larger area micro-to nanometer-scale patterning on flexible substrates possesses the advantages of low cost and high throughput, and is widely being practiced in industry. Hologram images have been successfully embossed in shrink biaxially oriented polypropylene films by the large-area roller nanoimprint lithography technique. The defects which occur during embossing processes have been studied in order to identify the underlying formation mechanism.

scholarly journals Preparation of Three-Layer Graphene Sheets from Asphaltenes Using a Montmorillonite Template

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Wu ◽  
Bojing Ma ◽  
Yisheng Xu ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
Haowei Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heavy Crude Oil ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Graphene Sample ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Heavy Crude ◽  
Xrd Patterns

We propose a novel approach to synthesize graphene sheets with fine quality by calcinating the composites intercalated with montmorillonite (MMT) and asphaltene. The graphene sample thus fabricated could reach 10.79 μm long, with smooth and continuous morphology and with little defects. By analyzing the XRD patterns of graphene/MMT composites at different conditions, the graphene formation mechanism is elucidated and the optimal calcination conditions are researched. This study may provide useful insights for low-cost and scalable fabrication of graphene from asphaltene extracted from heavy crude oil.

The ELID Grinding of CoCrMo Alloy Bioprosthesis and the Formation Mechanism of its Corrosion-Resistant Oxide Layer

2018 ◽  
Vol 934 ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Cai Kuai ◽  
Cheng Ran Jiang ◽  
Jiang Wei Wang ◽  
Dmitrii V. Ardashev
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Cocrmo Alloy ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Biological Environment

CoCrMo alloy is widely used in the medical field to make Biomedical prosthesis,But it is difficult to process resulting in the high cost of Biomedical prosthesis, Find an efficient and low-cost processing method has become a problem to be solved. In this paper, CoCrMo alloy Biomedical prosthesis were fabricated by Electrolytic In-process Dressing grinding. We studied the ELID grinding performance, grinding force, surface quality and the formation mechanism of Corrosion-resistant oxide layer of CoCrMo alloy by using dynamometer, roughness tester, XRD and SEM. It is proposed that the ELID grinding method forms an oxide layer on the surface of the prosthesis, which increases the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the prosthesis so that it can be better adapt to the biological environment in vivo. It was further confirmed that the ELID grinding method is an effective method for manufacturing CoCrMo Alloy Bioprosthesis.

Decomposition of the metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-15-3

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
S. Fujlshiro
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Omega Phase ◽  
Beta Titanium Alloy ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Beta Matrix ◽  
Metastable Beta ◽  
Very High

Metastable beta titanium alloys have been known to have numerous advantages such as cold formability, high strength, good fracture resistance, deep hardenability, and cost effectiveness. Very high strength is obtainable by precipitation of the hexagonal alpha phase in a bcc beta matrix in these alloys. Precipitation hardening in the metastable beta alloys may also result from the formation of transition phases such as omega phase. Ti-15-3 (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Al-3Sn) has been developed recently by TIMET and USAF for low cost sheet metal applications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aging characteristics in this alloy.The composition of the as-received material is: 14.7 V, 3.14 Cr, 3.05 Al, 2.26 Sn, and 0.145 Fe. The beta transus temperature as determined by optical metallographic method was about 770°C. Specimen coupons were prepared from a mill-annealed 1.2 mm thick sheet, and solution treated at 827°C for 2 hr in argon, then water quenched. Aging was also done in argon at temperatures ranging from 316 to 616°C for various times.

Chromic Acid Etching of Polyethylene

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
J. D. Muzzy ◽  
R. D. Hester ◽  
J. L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Bulk Specimen ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Perfect Form ◽  
Molecular Length ◽  
Lamellar Texture ◽  
Cost Studies

Polyethylene is one of the most important plastics produced today because of its good physical properties, ease of fabrication and low cost. Studies to improve the properties of polyethylene are leading to an understanding of its crystalline morphology. Polyethylene crystallized by evaporation from dilute solutions consists of thin crystals called lamellae. The polyethylene molecules are parallel to the thickness of the lamellae and are folded since the thickness of the lamellae is much less than the molecular length. This lamellar texture persists in less perfect form in polyethylene crystallized from the melt.Morphological studies of melt crystallized polyethylene have been limited due to the difficulty of isolating the microstructure from the bulk specimen without destroying or deforming it.

Glass Knife Geometry as Seen by the SEM

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Slip Planes ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Diamond Knife

In ultramicrotomy, the two basic tool materials are glass and diamond. Glass because of its low cost and ease of manufacture of the knife itself is still widely used despite the superiority of diamond knives in many applications. Both kinds of knives produce plastic deformation in the microtomed section due to the nature of the cutting process and microscopic chips in the edge of the knife. Because glass has no well defined slip planes in its structure (it's an amorphous material), it is very strong and essentially never fails in compression. However, surface flaws produce stress concentrations which reduce the strength of glass to 10,000 to 20,000 psi from its theoretical or flaw free values of 1 to 2 million psi. While the microchips in the edge of the glass or diamond knife are generally too small to be observed in the SEM, the second common type of defect can be identified. This is the striations (also termed the check marks or feathers) which are always present over the entire edge of a glass knife regardless of whether or not they are visable under optical inspection. These steps in the cutting edge can be observed in the SEM by proper preparation of carefully broken knives and orientation of the knife, with respect to the scanning beam.

Spectraplot: A PC-based spectrum translation and display program

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
H. O. Colijn
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
File Transfer ◽  
Transfer Data ◽  
Error Checking ◽  
Data Files ◽  
The University

Many labs today wish to transfer data between their EDS systems and their existing PCs and minicomputers. Our lab has implemented SpectraPlot, a low- cost PC-based system to allow offline examination and plotting of spectra. We adopted this system in order to make more efficient use of our microscopes and EDS consoles, to provide hardcopy output for an older EDS system, and to allow students to access their data after leaving the university.As shown in Fig. 1, we have three EDS systems (one of which is located in another building) which can store data on 8 inch RT-11 floppy disks. We transfer data from these systems to a DEC MINC computer using “SneakerNet”, which consists of putting on a pair of sneakers and running down the hall. We then use the Hermit file transfer program to download the data files with error checking from the MINC to the PC.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of oriented Co84Cr14Ta2 thin films for longitudinal magnetic recording

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 756-757
Author(s):  
T. P. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
High Coercivity ◽  
Magnetic Alloy ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Transmission Electron

Thin film magnetic media are being used as low cost, high density forms of information storage. The development of this technology requires the study, at the sub-micron level, of morphological, crystallographic, and magnetic properties, throughout the depth of the deposited films. As the microstructure becomes increasingly fine, widi grain sizes approaching 100Å, the unique characterization capabilities of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have become indispensable to the analysis of such thin film magnetic media.Films were deposited at 225°C, on two NiP plated Al substrates, one polished, and one circumferentially textured with a mean roughness of 55Å. Three layers, a 750Å chromium underlayer, a 600Å layer of magnetic alloy of composition Co84Cr14Ta2, and a 300Å amorphous carbon overcoat were then sputter deposited using a dc magnetron system at a power of 1kW, in a chamber evacuated below 10-6 torr and filled to 12μm Ar pressure. The textured medium is presently used in industry owing to its high coercivity, Hc, and relatively low noise. One important feature is that the coercivity in the circumferential read/write direction is significandy higher than that in the radial direction.

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