Heat stress and N fertilization affect soil microbial and enzyme activities in the creeping bentgrass (Agrostis Stolonifera L.) rhizosphere

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A. Dell ◽  
Danesha Seth Carley ◽  
Thomas Rufty ◽  
Wei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Soil Microbial

scholarly journals Short-Term Nitrogen Fertilization Affects Microbial Community Composition and Nitrogen Mineralization Functions in an Agricultural Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Ouyang ◽  
Jeanette M. Norton
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
N Management

ABSTRACT Soil extracellular enzymes play a significant role in the N mineralization process. However, few studies have documented the linkage between enzyme activity and the microbial community that performs the function. This study examined the effects of inorganic and organic N fertilization on soil microbial communities and their N mineralization functions over 4 years. Soils were collected from silage corn field plots with four contrasting N treatments: control (no additional N), ammonium sulfate (AS; 100 and 200 kg of N ha−1), and compost (200 kg of N ha−1). Illumina amplicon sequencing was used to comprehensively assess the overall bacterial community (16S rRNA genes), bacterial ureolytic community (ureC), and bacterial chitinolytic community (chiA). Selected genes involved in N mineralization were also examined using quantitative real-time PCR and metagenomics. Enzymes (and marker genes) included protease (npr and sub), chitinase (chiA), urease (ureC), and arginase (rocF). Compost significantly increased diversity of overall bacterial communities even after one application, while ammonium fertilizers had no influence on the overall bacterial communities over four seasons. Bacterial ureolytic and chitinolytic communities were significantly changed by N fertilization. Compost treatment strongly elevated soil enzyme activities after 4 years of repeated application. Functional gene abundances were not significantly affected by N treatments, and they were not correlated with corresponding enzyme activities. N mineralization genes were recovered from soil metagenomes based on a gene-targeted assembly. Understanding how the structure and function of soil microbial communities involved with N mineralization change in response to fertilization practices may indicate suitable agricultural management practices that improve ecosystem services while reducing negative environmental consequences. IMPORTANCE Agricultural N management practices influence the enzymatic activities involved in N mineralization. However, specific enzyme activities do not identify the microbial species directly involved in the measured process, leaving the link between the composition of the microbial community and the production of key enzymes poorly understood. In this study, the application of high-throughput sequencing, real-time PCR, and metagenomics shed light on how the abundance and diversity of microorganisms involved in N mineralization respond to N management. We suggest that N fertilization has significantly changed bacterial ureolytic and chitinolytic communities.

scholarly journals Soil Microbial and Enzyme Activities Response to Pollution Near an Aluminium Smelter

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos García-Gil ◽  
Jozef Kobza ◽  
Pedro Soler-Rovira ◽  
Soňa Javoreková
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Aluminium Smelter

Soil Microbial Abundances and Enzyme Activities in Different Rhizospheres in an Integrated Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Ge ◽  
Chongbang Zhang ◽  
Yueping Jiang ◽  
Chunlei Yue ◽  
Qinsu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland
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