Curt Richter: Spontaneous activity and food intake

Appetite ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy H. Moran ◽  
Kellie L.K. Tamashiro
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Spontaneous Activity

scholarly journals Magnesium pemoline: Effects on spontaneous activity, stimulus responsivity and food intake

1968 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 177-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gianutsos ◽  
Rosamond Gianutsos ◽  
Yasuko Filby
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Magnesium Pemoline

Adaptation to Forced Exercise in the Rat

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara M. Thomas ◽  
A. T. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Exercise Load ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Exercise Treadmill

The influence of forced exercise (treadmill running) on food intake, body weight and spontaneous activity was studied in male albino rats. The initial response to gradually increasing exercise load was a decrease in food intake and body weight on exercise days, with compensatory increase in both factors on rest days (week-ends). By the time exercise had been increased to 1 mile/day, food intake on exercise days had returned to normal or slightly above, and food intake on rest days was significantly elevated. During the recovery period following the exercise experiment, food intake remained elevated despite the absence of a significant weight deficit. Overnight spontaneous activity was strikingly reduced in exercised rats, with only partial restoration on rest days, and with gradual return to normal during the postexercise recovery period.

Blocking ActRIIB signaling and restoring appetite reverses cachexia and improves survival in mice with lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Lima Queiroz ◽  
Shakti Ramsamooj ◽  
Ezequiel Dantas ◽  
Elizabeth Zunica ◽  
Roger Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Reverse Anorexia

Abstract The cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) is a common, debilitating condition with limited therapeutic options. The defining feature of CACS is weight loss, which suggests a state of negative energy balance. It is unclear whether this net reduction in energy is due solely to anorexia or if a combination of anorexia and increased energy expenditure (EE) occurs. To address this question, we induced lung cancer in mice and measured changes in food intake, EE, and body composition. Mice with CACS developed reductions in food intake, spontaneous activity, and EE. There was severe atrophy and markers of metabolic dysfunction in the adipose and skeletal muscle tissues as compared to mice without CACS and pair-fed wild-type mice. We used anamorelin fumarate (Ana), a ghrelin receptor agonist, alone or in combination ActRIIB-Fc, a ligand trap for TGF-β/activin family members, to reverse anorexia and skeletal muscle atrophy, respectively. Ana effectively increased food intake and the combination of drugs increased lean mass, restored spontaneous activity, and improved overall survival. These beneficial effects were limited to female mice. Our findings suggest that multimodal, gender-specific, therapies are needed to reverse CACS.

EFFECT OF METHYLPHENIDATE ON SPONTANEOUS ACTIVITY, FOOD INTAKE, AND COLD TOLERANCE OF PROPYLTHIOURACIL-TREATED RATS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly ◽  
Bruce A. Black
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dose Levels

Dietary administration of methylphenidate to rats increases locomotor activity (tilt cage method) roughly in proportion to the logarithm of the dose ingested. The results suggest that a dose of 62 mg methylphenidate/kg body wt. per day increases activity level by 50%. At higher dose levels, a tolerance appears to develop and is characterized by high initial levels of activity (days 1 to 3) followed by reduction of activity to a new stable level (days 4 to 6). Methylphenidate increases activity level and decreases food intake and body weight of both hypothyroid (propylthiouracil-treated) and control rats subjected to ambient temperatures of 10, 15, 20, and 28 °C. It fails to increase the tolerance of hypothyroid rats either to chronic (10 and 15 °C) or to acute (5 °C) cold exposure.

scholarly journals Alterations in activity and energy expenditure contribute to lean phenotype in Fischer 344 rats lacking the cholecystokinin-1 receptor gene

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (12) ◽  
pp. R1231-R1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Blevins ◽  
Daniel H. Moralejo ◽  
Tami H. Wolden-Hanson ◽  
Brendan S. Thatcher ◽  
Jacqueline M. Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Apparent Reduction

CCK is hypothesized to inhibit meal size by acting at CCK1 receptors (CCK1R) on vagal afferent neurons that innervate the gastrointestinal tract and project to the hindbrain. Earlier studies have shown that obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, which carry a spontaneous null mutation of the CCK1R, are hyperphagic and obese. Recent findings show that rats with CCK1R-null gene on a Fischer 344 background (Cck1r−/−) are lean and normophagic. In this study, the metabolic phenotype of this rat strain was further characterized. As expected, the CCK1R antagonist, devazepide, failed to stimulate food intake in the Cck1r−/− rats. Both Cck1r+/+ and Cck1r−/− rats became diet-induced obese (DIO) when maintained on a high-fat diet relative to chow-fed controls. Cck1r−/− rats consumed larger meals than controls during the dark cycle and smaller meals during the light cycle. These effects were accompanied by increased food intake, total spontaneous activity, and energy expenditure during the dark cycle and an apparent reduction in respiratory quotient during the light cycle. To assess whether enhanced responsiveness to anorexigenic factors may contribute to the lean phenotype, we examined the effects of melanotan II (MTII) on food intake and body weight. We found an enhanced effect of MTII in Cck1r−/− rats to suppress food intake and body weight following both central and peripheral administration. These results suggest that the lean phenotype is potentially driven by increases in total spontaneous activity and energy expenditure.

Obesity and adiposity: the culprit of dietary protein efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-401
Author(s):  
Carla El-Mallah ◽  
Omar Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Reduce Sugar ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Limitations And Exceptions

Abstract Obesity and increased body adiposity have been alarmingly increasing over the past decades and have been linked to a rise in food intake. Many dietary restrictive approaches aiming at reducing weight have resulted in contradictory results. Additionally, some policies to reduce sugar or fat intake were not able to decrease the surge of obesity. This suggests that food intake is controlled by a physiological mechanism and that any behavioural change only leads to a short-term success. Several hypotheses have been postulated, and many of them have been rejected due to some limitations and exceptions. The present review aims at presenting a new theory behind the regulation of energy intake, therefore providing an eye-opening field for energy balance and a potential strategy for obesity management.

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