Arthropod communities and biological control in soybean fields: Forest cover at landscape scale is more influential than forest proximity

2017 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel González ◽  
Adriana Salvo ◽  
Graciela Valladares
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Arthropod Communities

scholarly journals Crop Diversity at the Landscape Level Affects the Composition and Structure of the Vegetation-Dwelling Arthropod Communities in Naked Oat (Avena Chinensis) Fields

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Huan Zhao ◽  
Jiahuan Li ◽  
Lizhu Guo ◽  
Kun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Arthropod Communities ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Composition And Structure

The expansion of agriculture and intensive mechanized production have resulted in the loss of habitats and biodiversity, which has led to the loss of ecological services such as the biological control of pests and diseases, and insect-borne pollination. Current studies mainly focus on the impact of small-scale crop diversity (such as intercropping) on ecological service but lack research on the effects of crop diversity at the landscape scale. In this study, vegetation-dwelling arthropods in naked oat (Avena chinensis) fields under different planting patterns were collected at different growth stages by standardized sweep netting sampling, and the differences in arthropod communities and temporal dynamics were analyzed. Taking this information as an example, the effects of crop diversity at the landscape scale caused by different planting patterns on arthropod communities were studied. It was found that herbivores were the most abundant functional group in the arthropod community in naked oat fields, accounting for 70.13% of the total abundance, followed by natural enemies, accounting for 23.45%, and, finally, other insects. The abundance and species richness of natural enemies in naked oat fields under diversified planting pattern were significantly higher than those under intensive planting pattern, while the abundance and species richness of herbivorous pests showed no significant difference between the two planting patterns. Planting patterns significantly affected the composition and structure of arthropod communities in naked oat fields. Significantly higher ratio of natural enemy to pest and more diverse natural enemies under the diversified planting pattern have shown better biological control potential and the significance of biodiversity protection.

scholarly journals Seed Removal Rates in Forest Remnants Respond to Forest Loss at the Landscape Scale

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1144
Author(s):  
Alain Hambuckers ◽  
Franck Trolliet ◽  
Astrid Simon ◽  
Eliana Cazetta ◽  
Larissa Rocha-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Seed Removal ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
Plant Animal Interactions

Seed removal is a key component of seed dispersal and may be influenced by both landscape-scale and local attributes, and it has been used as an indicator of the intensity of interactions between ecosystem components. We examined how the seed removal rates, which integrate the activity of seed dispersers and seed predators, vary with landscape-scale forest cover. We collected data under 34 trees belonging to two zoochoric species (Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. and Endl.) J. F. Macbr. and Inga vera Willd.) in 17 remnants in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, with different percentages of forest cover. The seed removal rate was estimated using a fast method based on the abundance of intact fruits and fruit scraps on the ground. The amount of forest cover affected the rate of seed removal in a humpbacked shape, with a maximum seed removal rate at intermediate forest cover. Seed removal rates must be related to the amount of food resources offered and diversity of dispersers and predators in the region. In landscapes with intermediate forest amount, there is a better balance between supply and demand for fruits, leading to a higher seed removal rate than more deforested or forested landscape. Our results also show that local factors, such as crop size and canopy surface, together with forest cover amount, are also important to the removal rate, depending on the species. In addition, our results showed that plant–animal interactions are occurring in all fragments, but the health status of these forests is similar to disturbed forests, even in sites immersed in forested landscapes.

Conservation biological control and enemy diversity on a landscape scale

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teja Tscharntke ◽  
Riccardo Bommarco ◽  
Yann Clough ◽  
Thomas O. Crist ◽  
David Kleijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Conservation Biological Control ◽  
Landscape Scale

scholarly journals Landscape-scale interactions of spatial and temporal cropland heterogeneity drive biological control of cereal aphids

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1804-1813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliette Bosem Baillod ◽  
Teja Tscharntke ◽  
Yann Clough ◽  
Péter Batáry
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Cereal Aphids ◽  
Scale Interactions

scholarly journals Modeling Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Richness Using Landscape Attributes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia S. Meixler ◽  
Mark B. Bain
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Biological Databases ◽  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Landscape Attributes

We used a rapid, repeatable, and inexpensive geographic information system (GIS) approach to predict aquatic macroinvertebrate family richness using the landscape attributes stream gradient, riparian forest cover, and water quality. Stream segments in the Allegheny River basin were classified into eight habitat classes using these three landscape attributes. Biological databases linking macroinvertebrate families with habitat classes were developed using life habits, feeding guilds, and water quality preferences and tolerances for each family. The biological databases provided a link between fauna and habitat enabling estimation of family composition in each habitat class and hence richness predictions for each stream segment. No difference was detected between field collected and modeled predictions of macroinvertebrate families in a pairedt-test. Further, predicted stream gradient, riparian forest cover, and total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and suspended sediment classifications matched observed classifications much more often than by chance alone. High gradient streams with forested riparian zones and good water quality were predicted to have the greatest macroinvertebrate family richness and changes in water quality were predicted to have the greatest impact on richness. Our findings indicate that our model can provide meaningful landscape scale macroinvertebrate family richness predictions from widely available data for use in focusing conservation planning efforts.

scholarly journals Throughfall in balsam fir: Some landscape-scale implications in western Newfoundland

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
A. R. van Kesteren
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Landscape Studies

Throughfall, the process of rainfall passage through a tree canopy to the forest floor, is a critical hydrological cycle component affecting in situ soil to watershed-scale processes. The process has been widely studied at plot scales, but integrative forest stand and landscape studies are rare. A landscape-scale study was undertaken to investigate balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) forest cover, slope aspect, and interaction of these factors on throughfall receipt in western Newfoundland. ANOVA analyses found balsam fir forest cover to be the predominant variable influencing throughfall over the summer-to-autumn season. Slope aspect and interactions of forest cover and aspect were not significant. Some landscape-scale implications are discussed. Key words: balsam fir, forest hydrology, landscape scale, slope aspect, throughfall

Landscape-scale forest cover increases the abundance of Drosophila suzukii and parasitoid wasps

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Haro-Barchin ◽  
Jeroen Scheper ◽  
Cristina Ganuza ◽  
G. Arjen De Groot ◽  
Fernanda Colombari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii

scholarly journals Local management and landscape structure determine the assemblage patterns of spiders in vegetable fields

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib ◽  
Junhui Chen ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Gabor Pozsgai ◽  
Komivi Senyo Akutse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
Scale Factors ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
Strong Positive Association

Abstract Both field- and landscape-scale factors can influence the predator communities of agricultural pests, but the relative importance and interactions between these scales are poorly understood. Focusing on spiders, an important taxon for providing biological control, we tested the influence of field- and landscape-scale factors on structuring the spider communities in a highly dynamic brassica agroecosystem. We found that local factors (pesticide-use and crop type) and forested landscape significantly influenced the abundance and species richness of spiders, whilst grassland patches significantly affected the spider species richness. Correlation results demonstrated that assemblage patterns of most spider families positively responded to the interplay between local factors and forest patches in the landscape. The spiders abundance was greatest in cauliflower crops surrounded with forest and grassland patches in landscape. Similarly, ordination analyses revealed that organic fields of cauliflower in forested landscapes had a strong positive association with the abundance and species richness of spiders. In contrast, insecticide and synthetic fertilizer-treated fields of Chinese cabbage in landscapes with little non-crop habitat reduced the abundance and species richness of spiders. Our results highlight the extent of interaction between local- and landscape-scale factors, help explain recently reported inconsistent effects of landscape factors on conservation biological control.

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