scholarly journals Modeling Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Richness Using Landscape Attributes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia S. Meixler ◽  
Mark B. Bain
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Biological Databases ◽  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Landscape Attributes

We used a rapid, repeatable, and inexpensive geographic information system (GIS) approach to predict aquatic macroinvertebrate family richness using the landscape attributes stream gradient, riparian forest cover, and water quality. Stream segments in the Allegheny River basin were classified into eight habitat classes using these three landscape attributes. Biological databases linking macroinvertebrate families with habitat classes were developed using life habits, feeding guilds, and water quality preferences and tolerances for each family. The biological databases provided a link between fauna and habitat enabling estimation of family composition in each habitat class and hence richness predictions for each stream segment. No difference was detected between field collected and modeled predictions of macroinvertebrate families in a pairedt-test. Further, predicted stream gradient, riparian forest cover, and total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and suspended sediment classifications matched observed classifications much more often than by chance alone. High gradient streams with forested riparian zones and good water quality were predicted to have the greatest macroinvertebrate family richness and changes in water quality were predicted to have the greatest impact on richness. Our findings indicate that our model can provide meaningful landscape scale macroinvertebrate family richness predictions from widely available data for use in focusing conservation planning efforts.

Linking hydrology and biogeochemistry in complex landscapes

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Burt ◽  
G. Pinay
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Landscape Elements ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Integrate Work ◽  
Channel Systems

This review seeks to examine connections between hydrology and biogeochemistry at the landscape scale. A review of research on landscape structure and organization provides a context for what follows, and seeks to integrate work at relevant scales in ecology and geomorphology; the degree of functional ‘connectedness’ between different landscape elements provides the key theme. Following a review of hillslope hydrology, links between hillslope runoff pathways and nutrient dynamics are then considered. We focus in particular on riparian zones, where nutrient dynamics has relevance for water-quality management in catchments. In conclusion, we argue that future studies need to focus on the critical near-stream zone, given its importance in coupling hillslope and channel systems.

scholarly journals New State Records and Habitat Characteristics for Kloosia Kruseman (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Wadeable Streams in Missouri

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2020) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
William R. Mabee ◽  
Brandy S. Bergthold ◽  
Carl K. Wakefield ◽  
Matthew D. Combes
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Dekalb County ◽  
Wadeable Streams ◽  
State Records

Abstract First records of occurrence of the midge genus Kloosia Kruseman in Missouri are reported based upon aquatic macroinvertebrate community samples collected during April 2012 and October 2015 from reaches of Grindstone Creek in Dekalb County and South Blackbird Creek in Schuyler County in the Central Dissected Till Plains. Select physical and water quality characteristics from the reaches are also provided.

scholarly journals URBAN GROWTH AND WATER QUALITY IN THIMPHU, BHUTAN

2013 ◽  
pp. 82-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandu Giri ◽  
O. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data

Detailed study was undertaken in 2008 and 2009 on assessment of water quality of River Wang Chhu which flows through Thimphu urban area, the capital city of Bhutan. The water samples were examined at upstream of urban area, within the urban area and its downstream. The water samples were analyzed by studying the physico-chemical, biological and benthic macro-invertebrates. The water quality data obtained during present study are discussed in relation to land use/land cover changes(LULC) and various ongoing human activities at upstream, within the each activity areas and it’s downstream. Analyses of satellite imagery of 1990 and 2008 using GIS revealed that over a period of eighteen years the forest, scrub and agricultural areas have decreased whereas urban area and road network have increased considerably. The forest cover, agriculture area and scrub decreased from 43.3% to 42.57%, 6.88% to 5.33% and 42.55% to 29.42%, respectively. The LULC changes effect water quality in many ways. The water temperature, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, total coliform, and biological oxygen demand were lower at upstream and higher in urban area. On the other hand dissolved oxygen was found higher at upstream and lower in urban area. The pollution sensitive benthic macro-invertebrates population were dominant at upstream sampling sites whereas pollution tolerant benthic macro-invertebrates were found abundant in urban area and its immediate downstream. The rapid development of urban infrastructure in Thimphu city may be posing serious threats to water regime in terms of its quality. Though the deterioration of water quality is restricted to a few localized areas, the trend is serious and needs proper attention of policy planners and decision makers. Proper treatment of effluents from urban areas is urgently needed to reduce water pollution in such affected areas to check further deterioration of water quality. This present study which is based on upstream, within urban area and downstream of Thimphu city can be considered as an eye opener.

scholarly journals Land-use-driven stream warming in southeastern Amazonia

2013 ◽  
Vol 368 (1619) ◽  
pp. 20120153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia N. Macedo ◽  
Michael T. Coe ◽  
Ruth DeFries ◽  
Maria Uriarte ◽  
Paulo M. Brando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Small Streams

Large-scale cattle and crop production are the primary drivers of deforestation in the Amazon today. Such land-use changes can degrade stream ecosystems by reducing connectivity, changing light and nutrient inputs, and altering the quantity and quality of streamwater. This study integrates field data from 12 catchments with satellite-derived information for the 176 000 km 2 upper Xingu watershed (Mato Grosso, Brazil). We quantify recent land-use transitions and evaluate the influence of land management on streamwater temperature, an important determinant of habitat quality in small streams. By 2010, over 40 per cent of catchments outside protected areas were dominated (greater than 60% of area) by agriculture, with an estimated 10 000 impoundments in the upper Xingu. Streams in pasture and soya bean watersheds were significantly warmer than those in forested watersheds, with average daily maxima over 4°C higher in pasture and 3°C higher in soya bean. The upstream density of impoundments and riparian forest cover accounted for 43 per cent of the variation in temperature. Scaling up, our model suggests that management practices associated with recent agricultural expansion may have already increased headwater stream temperatures across the Xingu. Although increased temperatures could negatively impact stream biota, conserving or restoring riparian buffers could reduce predicted warming by as much as fivefold.

Integrating institutions into a socio-hydrological model: an example for water quality management in Burkina Faso

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Carr ◽  
Marlies Barendrecht ◽  
Liza Debevec ◽  
Bedru Balana
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Hydrological Models

<p>The variety of demands that people place on water resources, coupled with the dynamics of the natural system, make water resource management highly complex. Models that can integrate aspects of society such as institutions, perceptions and behaviors along with aspects of the natural system such as rainfall, runoff and water quality could offer a realistic approach to better understand and manage these complex systems. Much research progress in the development of such socio-hydrological models has been achieved in recent years. However, many gaps exist on how the decisions and actions of institutions and agencies, and their subsequent impacts on individuals, can be integrated within such models. In this study, a socio-hydrological model was developed using a set of empirical field data from the Black Volta (Mouhoun) watershed in south west Burkina Faso. Cultivation of the riparian zones and use of agrochemicals are commonly associated with increased sedimentation in the river and water pollution, respectively. The model aims to capture the relationships between agency support for water quality management, the capacity of local organizations to support farmers and land users, land use changes in the riparian zones, improved agricultural practices employed by farmers (e.g., reduced tillage, organic farming, or cultivating tree crops rather than vegetables), and suspended sediment concentration in the river as an indicator of water quality. The model is set up to reflect the current situation and scenarios are generated depicting plausible pathways to achieve improved water quality through riparian land management strategies. Comparison of the modelled scenarios shows that water quality could be improved if institutional support and public resource allocation for water management is raised, and the capacity of local level organizations is substantially increased compared to current levels. Semi-quantitative socio-hydrological models, such as the one developed in this study, may provide insights for the comparison and prioritization of different management strategies and guide interventions or support mechanisms that enable riparian land users to change their agricultural practices and lead to water quality improvements.</p>

Landscape Influences on Stream Habitats and Biological Assemblages

2006 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Shallow Stream ◽  
Agricultural Regions

<em>Abstract.</em>—Wood is an important component of small to medium-sized streams in forested regions, but has been poorly studied in agricultural areas. Our goals were to (1) characterize the abundance, size, and distribution of wood in low-gradient streams in two agricultural regions, (2) quantify the influence of reach- and landscape-scale factors on the abundance and distribution of wood in these streams, and (3) compare trends across two study areas. Wood abundance was quantified in stream reaches in two diverse agricultural regions of the Midwestern United States: central Michigan and southeastern Minnesota. Wood abundance was quantified in 71 stream reaches, and an array of channel, riparian zone, and landscape features were characterized. Multiple regressions were conducted to predict abundance from those explanatory variables. We found that large wood was relatively scarce in these low-gradient streams compared to low-gradient streams in forested regions. Mean log size was greater, but total abundance was lower in Minnesota than Michigan. In Minnesota, greatest wood abundance and greatest extent of accumulations were predicted in wide, shallow stream channels with high substrate heterogeneity and woody riparian vegetation overhanging the channel. Models were dominated by reach-scale variables. In Michigan, largest densities of wood and accumulations were associated with catchments in hilly regions containing urban centers, with low soil water capacity, wide, shallow stream channels, low coarse particular organic matter standing stocks, and woody riparian zones. Models contained both reach- and landscape-scale variables. Difference in the extent of agricultural and forest land use/cover between Michigan and Minnesota may explain the differences in the models predicting wood variables. Patterns in wood abundance and distribution in these Midwestern streams differ from those observed in high gradient regions, and in low-gradient streams within forested regions. This has important implications for ecosystem processes and management of headwater streams in agricultural regions.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Forestry and Settlement-Forest Use of the Catchments on the Parameters of Surface Water Quality: Case Studies for Chechło Reservoir Catchment, Southern Poland

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bogdał ◽  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Tomasz Kowalik ◽  
Agnieszka Cupak
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to determine the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the values of 22 quality indicators of surface waters flowing out of two small catchments differing in physiographic parameters and land use, in particular forest cover and urbanization of the area. The research was carried out in the years 2012–2014 at four measurement-control points located on the Chechło river and the Młoszówka stream (Poland), which are the main tributaries of the retention reservoir. Basic descriptive statistics, statistical tests, as well as cluster analysis and factor analysis were used to interpret the research results. The water that outflowed from the forestry-settlement catchment of the Młoszówka stream contained higher concentrations of total phosphorus, phosphates, nitrite, and nitrate nitrogen and salinity indicators than outflow from the Chechło river. Water from the Młoszówka stream was characterized by more favourable oxygen conditions. Higher oxygen concentration in the catchment influenced a large slope of the watercourse and thus higher water velocity, which is promoted by the mixed process. In the case of the forest catchment of the Chechło river, the water quality was generally better than in the Młoszówka stream, mainly in cases of total suspended solids TSS, total phosphorus TP, phosphates PO43−, total nitrogen TN, nitrite N–NO2−, nitrate N–NO3−, and salinity parameters. Despite it being a short section of the river taken into the study, favourable self-purification processes like mixed, nitrification, and denitrification were observed in its water. The research shows that forest areas have a positive effect on the balance of most substances dissolved in water, and natural factors in many cases shape the quality and utility values of surface waters on an equal footing with anthropogenic factors. In the case of a large number of examined parameters and complex processes occurring in water, the interpretation of the results makes it much easier by applying multivariate statistical methods.

Some effects of the 1982-83 drought on water quality and macroinvertebrate fauna in the lower La Trobe River, Victoria

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
BC Chessman ◽  
DP Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Taxonomic Richness ◽  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrate ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Prolonged Drought ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Fauna

Following severe and prolonged drought, flows in parts of the lower LaTrobe River reached record lows in February 1983. Consequent lack of dilution for wastewater discharges resulted in marked deterioration of water quality, with dissolved oxygen concentration dropping to 2 g m-3 and electrical conductivity rising to 115 mS m-1. Despite these changes there was little alteration in the taxonomic richness or composition of the aquatic macroinvertebrate fauna. Faunal richness in the river downstream from Yallourn was low both before and after the drought, but the causative factors remain obscure.

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