How far might medium-term weather forecasts improve nitrogen fertiliser use and benefit arable farming in the England and Wales?

2006 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Dailey ◽  
J.U. Smith ◽  
A.P. Whitmore
Keyword(s):  
Medium Term ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
Fertiliser Use

Productivity increase, reduction of nitrogen fertiliser use and drought-stress mitigation by inoculation of Marandu grass (Urochloa brizantha) with Azospirillum brasilense

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubson da C. Leite ◽  
José G. D. dos Santos ◽  
Eduardo L. Silva ◽  
Cássio R. C. R. Alves ◽  
Mariangela Hungria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
South America ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Productivity Increase ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Fertiliser Use

Among the forage species cultivated in South America, the genus Urochloa is the most used, and the cultivar Marandu of U. brizantha is the most widely planted in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate forage performance in association with Azospirillum brasilense, combined with nitrogen (N) fertilisation. The study was conducted under field conditions in Araguaína, Tocantins, in the central region of Brazil, between March 2016 and March 2017. Four N fertiliser rates (0, 12.5, 25 and 50kg/ha of N per cutting cycle) were combined with two inoculation treatments (inoculated and non-inoculated), with evaluations carried out in three periods of the year (transition, dry and wet seasons). Marandu grass plants inoculated with A. brasilense had greater plant height, number of tillers and forage production than non-inoculated plants, regardless of the N rate. Inoculation with A. brasilense allowed a 20% reduction in N fertilisation. Our results indicate that inoculation with A. brasilense in Marandu grass, as well as increasing forage production, can help to mitigate the stresses caused by the dry season.

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertiliser use in early lambing systems

1991 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
G.W. Sheath ◽  
C.J. Boom ◽  
R.W. Webby
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Fertiliser Use

Nitrogen fertiliser was applied in June 1990 to early-August lambing systems and production was compared with traditional September lambing. Nitrogen (30 kg N/ha) increased pasture growth rates by 3-4 kg DM/ha/day and increased production by 210 kg DM/ha during July-September inclusive, Nitrogen responses were greatest in southfacing paddocks; least on easy contoured paddocks; and did not differ between "resident" pastures and "improved" pastures that had been oversown with new pasture cultivars 5 years before. Compared with traditional September lambing, early-August lambing (plus N) resulted in20% fewer lambs at weaning; 2.4 kg heavier lamb weaning weights; similar ewe weaning weights; and similar bull live weights in January. While N applications to earlier lambing systems reduced the differences in ewe and bull weights previously recorded between the lambing date treatments, it was not a profitable strategy. Assessment of pasture response to N (30 kg N/ha) was repeated in 1991. Nitrogen increased production by 260 kg DM/ha and responses were similar for all paddock and pasture types. Keywords nitrogen fertiliser, early lambing, hill country

Influence of co-application of nitrogen with phosphorus, potassium and sulphur on the apparent efficiency of nitrogen fertiliser use, grain yield and protein content of wheat: Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott G. Duncan ◽  
Cathryn A. O’Sullivan ◽  
Margaret M. Roper ◽  
Jody S. Biggs ◽  
Mark B. Peoples
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Fertiliser Use

The Farmer's Viewpoint on Aerial Application of Fertilisers and Sprays

1961 ◽  
Vol 65 (611) ◽  
pp. 756-758
Author(s):  
J. B. Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Recent Survey ◽  
Aerial Application ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Permanent Grassland ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Good Standard

What is the normal practice of a reasonably good farmer in the matter of fertiliser application to both arable and grass crops? First, there is such a wide disparity between the practice of a good farmer and the rest that it can only be hoped that all will soon be brought up to the good standard. A recent survey showed that about 50 per cent of temporary grass and 70 per cent of permanent grassland in England and Wales still receive no nitrogen fertiliser.Normal application to both temporary and permanent grassland (for light and medium soils) is three to five cwt. of a compound (12: 12: 18) plus two applications of nitrogen, or expressed as straight fertilisers:

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertiliser use on Swiss grassland

1997 ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Thomet ◽  
J. Pitt
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
High Input ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
Fertiliser Use ◽  
On Farm ◽  
N Use

Nitrogen (N) fertilisation plays an important role in Swiss grasslands, not only as a production factor but also as an ecological criterion determining direct payments for farmers. N fertiliser use reflects this duality and the grassland-based milk production is influenced by the sustainable type of approach. For comparable milk yields per cow, 4-6 times less concentrate feed is used and 7-9 times less artificial N is applied per ha of forage land than in the main milk producing regions of Western Europe. Grassland fertilisation is based primarily on farm-produced slurry, which is carefully stored and spread on grassland. Consequently, the average N balance surplus (= risk for pollution) on intensive Swiss dairy farms is as low as 109 kg N/ha/year compared to over 400 kg in high input areas like The Netherlands. In good grass production regions in the Swiss lowlands, 20 kg DM could be gained per kg additional N. However, the permitted level of N use is low in Switzerland. In addition to the slurry N, only 25-50 kg artificial N/ha/year can be applied to grassland. The Swiss farmers receive high direct payments (about $NZ1000/ha) from the state for applying a strictly environmentally friendly farming system. Keywords: dairy farming, environment, grassland, nitrogen budget, nitrogen fertilisation, sustainable agriculture

Yields and Nitrogenous Fertiliser Use Efficiency Responses of Clonal Tea (Camellia Sinensis) to Locations of Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (01-02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl W. Nyabundi ◽  
P. Okinda Owuor ◽  
Godfrey W. Netondo ◽  
John K. Bore
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Fertiliser Use ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Nitrogen Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Tea husbandry practices in Kenya are uniform despite variations in responses to agronomic inputs with locations. Nitrogen availability is the most limiting tea/crop growth factor. However, tea yields vary with region of production even with the same cultivar, suggesting responses to nitrogen fertiliser and nitrogen utilisation may vary with locations. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of clone TRFK 6/8 was investigated across three different locations/environments in western Kenya. Yields responded significantly (pd”0.05) to nitrogen fertiliser rates, but the responses varied with location of production. The responses to nitrogen rates were significantly lower (pd”0.05) in Timbilil than in Arroket and Changoi. This suggests that optimal nitrogenous fertiliser application rates should vary with locations. Nitrogen application rates between 75- 300Kg N did not cause significant variation in harvestable shoots nitrogen contents. However, there were large differences in the amounts of nitrogen removed with crop. The NUE of tea decreased as nitrogen fertiliser rates increased and was low in areas where yield responses were low. Such areas need low nitrogen fertiliser application rates to justify return on investment. Quantity of nitrogen removed with crop followed same pattern. On replacement basis, nitrogen removed with crop did not exceed the recommended rate of application (150 kg N/ha/year) at any location or nitrogen rate. Shoot nitrogen contents suggest that soil applied nitrogen may not be responsible for locational variations in yield realisation. Results demonstrate that fertiliser management practices, especially nitrogen rates need to be location specific.

Effects of sowing time and nitrogen fertiliser on canola and wheat, and nitrogen fertiliser on Indian mustard. II. Nitrogen concentrations, N accumulation, and N fertiliser use efficiency

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Hocking ◽  
M. Stapper
Keyword(s):  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
N Protein ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertiliser Use ◽  
N Use

Canola, Indian mustard, and wheat were grown at Ariah Park and Cowra (canola only) in the cropping belt of New South Wales, Australia, to determine the effects of sowing time (canola and wheat) and nitrogen (N) fertiliser on N concentrations and N accumulation in shoots, N fertiliser use-efficiency, and N removal in grain of the crops. Concentrations of N in shoots of all crops decreased during the season, irrespective of sowing time or N fertiliser rate. Late sowing decreased N accumulation by 55% and 40% for canola and wheat, respectively, at Ariah Park, and by 50% for canola at Cowra, but increased canola and wheat grain N (protein) concentrations more than the applied N. All crops accumulated most of their N before anthesis, and there was little N accumulation after the end of flowering; however, sowing canola late increased the proportion of N accumulated during flowering. Indices of N fertiliser use efficiency were reduced by sowing late, but N use efficiencies of the oilseeds at each sowing time were similar to values for wheat after accounting for differences in the biosynthetic costs of grain and straw production. Removal of N in canola grain from an April sowing was 35% greater than N removal by wheat grain sown at the same time, but was similar for both crops from late May and July sowings. Consequently, more N fertiliser should be applied to canola than wheat to obtain high grain yields when both crops are sown early in the season. It was concluded that sowing early was essential to achieve high N use efficiency, reduce potential losses of N, and maximise economic returns from N fertiliser.

Nitrogen () fertiliser use efficiency in peach (Prunus persica L.) cv. Goldencrest trees in Chile

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Nario ◽  
Inés Pino ◽  
Felipe Zapata ◽  
Marı́a Paz Albornoz ◽  
Pedro Baherle
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertiliser Use
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