Volcanic ash particulate matter from the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in dust deposition at Prague, central Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Navrátil ◽  
Jindřich Hladil ◽  
Ladislav Strnad ◽  
Leona Koptíková ◽  
Roman Skála
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Dust Deposition

scholarly journals Interrelationship of Indoor particulate matter and Respiratory dust deposition of women in the residence of Dhanbad City, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHRAVAN KUMAR ◽  
Manish Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Indoor Particulate Matter ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Conditions

Abstract Women spend relatively more time in indoor conditions in developing countries. Exposure to various indoor air pollutants leads them to higher health risks according to Household air quality in which they reside. Particulate matter (PM) exposure with their exposure duration inside the household plays a significant role in women's Respiratory problems. We measured size segregated particulate matter concentrations in 63 residences at different locations. Respiratory dust depositions (RDDs) for 118 women in their different respiratory regions like head-airway (HD), tracheobronchial (TB), and alveolar (AL) region for the three PM size fractions (PM10, PM2.5 & PM1) were investigated. For different positions like Light exercise and the Sitting condition, RDD values found for AL region was 0.091 µgmin− 1 (SD: 0.067, 0.012–0.408) and 0.028 µgmin− 1 (SD: 0.021, 0.003–0.126) for PM10, 0.325 µgmin− 1 (SD: 0.254, 0.053–1.521) and 0.183 µgmin− 1 (SD: 0.143, 0.031–0.857) for PM2.5, 0.257 µgmin− 1 (SD: 0.197, 0.043–1.04) and 0.057 µgmin− 1 (SD: 0.044, 0.009–0.233) respectively for PM1 to females. RDDs values in the AL region significantly increases as PM10 (11%), PM2.5 (68%), and PM1 (21%), confirm that for women, the AL region is the most prominent affected zone by fine particles (PM2.5).

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and chlorinated pesticides in background air in central Europe – investigating parameters affecting wet scavenging of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Shahpoury ◽  
G. Lammel ◽  
A. Holubová Šmejkalová ◽  
J. Klánová ◽  
P. Přibylová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Wet Scavenging

Abstract. Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated pesticides (CPs) were measured in air and precipitation at a background site in central Europe. ∑ PAH concentrations in air and rainwater ranged from 0.7 to 327.9 ng m−3 and below limit of quantification (< LOQ) to 2.1 × 103 ng L−1. The concentrations of PCBs and CPs in rainwater were < LOQ. ∑ PCB and ∑ CP concentrations in air ranged from < LOQ to 44.6 and < LOQ to 351.7 pg m−3, respectively. The potential relationships between PAH wet scavenging and particulate matter and rainwater properties were investigated. The concentrations of ionic species in particulate matter and rainwater were significantly correlated, highlighting the importance of particle scavenging process. Overall, higher scavenging efficiencies were found for relatively less volatile PAHs, underlining the effect of analyte gas-particle partitioning on scavenging process. The particulate matter removal by rain, and consequently PAH wet scavenging, was more effective when the concentrations of ionic species were high. In addition, the elemental and organic carbon contents of the particulate matter were found to influence the PAH scavenging.

scholarly journals A case of extreme particulate matter concentrations over Central Europe caused by dust emitted over the southern Ukraine

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Birmili ◽  
K. Schepanski ◽  
A. Ansmann ◽  
G. Spindler ◽  
I. Tegen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dust Emission ◽  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Light Extinction ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Southern Ukraine

Abstract. On 24 March 2007, an extraordinary dust plume was observed in the Central European troposphere. Satellite observations revealed its origins in a dust storm in Southern Ukraine, where large amounts of soil were resuspended from dried-out farmlands at wind gusts up to 30 m s−1. Along the pathway of the plume, maximum particulate matter (PM10) mass concentrations between 200 and 1400 μg m−3 occurred in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Germany. Over Germany, the dust plume was characterised by a volume extinction coefficient up to 400 Mm−1 and a particle optical depth of 0.71 at wavelength 0.532 μm. In-situ size distribution measurements as well as the wavelength dependence of light extinction from lidar and Sun photometer measurements confirmed the presence of a coarse particle mode with diameters around 2–3 μm. Chemical particle analyses suggested a fraction of 75% crustal material in daily average PM10 and up to 85% in the coarser fraction PM10–2.5. Based on the particle characteristics as well as a lack of increased CO and CO2 levels, a significant impact of biomass burning was ruled out. The reasons for the high particle concentrations in the dust plume were twofold: First, dust was transported very rapidly into Central Europe in a boundary layer jet under dry conditions. Second, the dust plume was confined to a relatively stable boundary layer of 1.4–1.8 km height, and could therefore neither expand nor dilute efficiently. Our findings illustrate the capacity of combined in situ and remote sensing measurements to characterise large-scale dust plumes with a variety of aerosol parameters. Although such plumes from Southern Eurasia seem to occur rather infrequently in Central Europe, its unexpected features highlights the need to improve the description of dust emission, transport and transformation processes needs, particularly when facing the possible effects of further anthropogenic desertification and climate change.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Dust Deposition in the Filter Tube of Adsorption Air Purifier

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongliang Lu ◽  
Zhen Wei ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Hongli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Navier Stokes Equation ◽  
Air Purifier ◽  
Filter Tube ◽  
Ventilation Modes

In recent years, indoor air quality that deeply affected people’s health cannot be ignored. It is affected by many factors, and people have taken many measures to reduce the pollution level. In addition to diluting by controlling pollution sources and using natural ventilation, air purifiers have become one of the choices, but the results are not satisfactory. To improve the dust removal effect of the adsorption air purifier, we established the dynamic equation of PM2.5 concentration under different ventilation modes based on the analysis of indoor PM2.5 concentration change process, the integral and convergent operation of the equation were carried out, and the formula and main influencing factors of indoor PM2.5 concentration in steady state under different ventilation modes were obtained. Meanwhile, the mathematical model of the internal pipeline of the purifier was established by using the Navier-Stokes equation; we selected the DPM model in the software FLUENT to simulate the deposition of particulate matter in the ventilation pipe. The results showed that the deposition of different diameter particles in the filter tube was different. The movement of the larger particle size (particle diameter >10 μm) was mainly affected by the influence of gravity and inertia, while the fine particles are easily deposited on the inner wall side of the elbow mainly by the turbulent diffusion. Therefore, the angle of the elbow should be adjusted to direct the airflow so that most of the particulate matter could deposit on the filter element, reducing the particulate matter from the exhaust port and the damage to the human body in the room, which will improve the dedusting effect of the purifier.

scholarly journals Association of particulate matter pollution 〖PM〗_10 and 〖PM〗_2.5 and COVID-19 pandemic in Quito-Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Miguel Eduardo Rodriguez Rodriguez ◽  
Maribel Pérez Pirela
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Service ◽  
The World ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Index Terms ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Particulate Matter Pollution

  This study aimed to investigate the associations between particulate matter (PM) concentrations and the confirmed cases, new cases and deaths by Covid-19 in Quito-Ecuador. Covid-19 data were extracted from Ecuador's National Risk Management Service, while the average daily values of   and  were obtained from the data reported by the Quito Environment Secretariat. The analysis of the data was performed using Kendall and Spearman's ranks correlation tests since the data did not present a normal distribution. A strong significant correlation was found between   and confirmed cases and deaths, while between   and confirmed cases, new cases and deaths, the correlation was weak, in both Kendall and Spearman tests. These results are consistent with the growing trends of   due to ash emissions from Sangay and Reventador volcanoes, which are a natural source of PM. As a result, this study supports the possibility that the   could act as a vehicle in the transmission of Covid-19. Our results will help the World Health Organization and the National Risk and Emergency Management Service in Ecuador take effective action to combat Covid-19.   Index Terms— Covid-19, Particulate matter pollution,  Ecuador, Volcanic Ash, Quito, Coronavirus.

IMMUNE BIOMARKERS IN RELATION TO EXPOSURE TO PARTICULATE MATTER: A Cross-Sectional Survey in 17 Cities of Central Europe

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (sup4) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Leonardi ◽  
D. Houthuijs ◽  
P. A. Steerenberg ◽  
T. Fletcher ◽  
B. Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immune Biomarkers
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