scholarly journals Latent factor structure of a behavioral economic cigarette demand curve in adolescent smokers

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1257-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cinnamon Bidwell ◽  
James MacKillop ◽  
James G. Murphy ◽  
Jennifer W. Tidey ◽  
Suzanne M. Colby
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Latent Factor ◽  
Behavioral Economic ◽  
Cigarette Demand ◽  
Adolescent Smokers

scholarly journals Latent factor structure of a behavioral economic marijuana demand curve

2017 ◽  
Vol 234 (16) ◽  
pp. 2421-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Aston ◽  
Samantha G. Farris ◽  
James MacKillop ◽  
Jane Metrik
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Latent Factor ◽  
Behavioral Economic ◽  
Marijuana Demand

Latent Factor Structure of Outcome Measures Used in the HABIT® Mild Cognitive Impairment Intervention Programs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Brittany DeFeis ◽  
Gelan Ying ◽  
Andrea M. Kurasz ◽  
Liselotte De Wit ◽  
Priscilla Amofa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Latent Factor ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Stable Factor

Background: In Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (ADRD) research, common outcome measures include cognitive and functional impairment, as well as persons with mild cognitive impairment (pwMCI) and care partner self-reported mood and quality of life. Studies commonly analyze these measures separately, which potentially leads to issues of multiple comparisons and/or multicollinearity among measures while ignoring the latent constructs they may be measuring. Objective: This study sought to examine the latent factor structure of a battery of 12-13 measures of domains mentioned above, used in a multicomponent behavioral intervention (The HABIT® program) for pwMCI and their partners. Methods: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) involved 214 pwMCI-partner pairs. Subsequent Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) used 730 pairs in both pre- and post-intervention conditions. Results: EFA generated a three-factor model. Factors could be characterized as partner adjustment (29.9%), pwMCI adjustment (18.1%), and pwMCI impairment (12.8%). The subsequent CFA confirmed our findings, and the goodness-of-fit for this model was adequate in both the pre- (CFI = 0.937; RMSEA = 0.057, p = 0.089) and post-intervention (CFI = 0.942; RMSEA = 0.051, p = 0.430) groups. Conclusion: Results demonstrated a stable factor structure across cohorts and intervention conditions suggesting that three broad factors may provide a straightforward and meaningful model to assess intervention outcome, at least during the MCI phase of ADRD.

scholarly journals High-resolution behavioral economic analysis of cigarette demand to inform tax policy

Addiction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (12) ◽  
pp. 2191-2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
James MacKillop ◽  
Lauren R. Few ◽  
James G. Murphy ◽  
Lauren M. Wier ◽  
John Acker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Behavioral Economic ◽  
Cigarette Demand

Behavioral economic cigarette demand among individuals who smoke with and without obesity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 666-673
Author(s):  
Warren K. Bickel ◽  
Roberta Freitas-Lemos ◽  
Allison N. Tegge ◽  
Devin C. Tomlinson ◽  
Leonard H. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Economic ◽  
Cigarette Demand

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Demand for Highly Palatable Foods: Role of the Orexin System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linnea R Freeman ◽  
Brandon S Bentzley ◽  
Morgan H James ◽  
Gary Aston-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Demand Curve ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Demand Elasticity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Behavioral Economic ◽  
Male And Female Rats

Abstract Background The prevalence of eating disorders, including binge eating disorder, is significantly higher in women. These findings are mirrored by preclinical studies, which indicate that female rats have a higher preference for palatable food and show greater binge-like eating compared with male rats. Methods Here, we describe a novel within-session behavioral-economic paradigm that allows for the simultaneous measurement of the intake at null cost (Q0) and normalized demand elasticity (α) of 3 types of palatable food (low fat, high fat, and chocolate sucrose pellets) via demand curve analysis. In light of evidence that the orexin (hypocretin) system is critically involved in reward and feeding behaviors, we also examined the role of orexin function in sex differences of economic demand for palatable foods. Results The novel within-session behavioral-economic approach revealed that female rats have higher intake (demand) than males for all palatable foods at low cost (normalized to body weight) but no difference in intake at higher prices, indicating sex-dependent differences in the hedonic, but not motivational, aspects of palatable food. Immediately following behavioral-economic testing, we observed more orexin-expressing neurons and Fos expression (measure of recent neural activation) in these neurons in female rats compared with male rats. Moreover, the orexin-1 receptor antagonist SB334867 reduced both low- and high-cost intake for palatable food in both male and female rats. Conclusions These findings provide evidence of higher demand at low prices for palatable food in females and indicate that these behavioral differences may be associated with sexual dimorphism in orexin system function.

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