HIV infection and high-risk behaviors in opioid dependent patients: The Indian context

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1699-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meera Vaswani ◽  
Nimesh G. Desai
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Indian Context

scholarly journals Use of multiple recreational drugs is associated with new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in China: a multicenter cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Mao ◽  
Sequoia I. Leuba ◽  
Qinghai Hu ◽  
Hongjing Yan ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Recreational Drugs ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection

Abstract Background There is limited information about the types of recreational drugs used by men who have sex with men (MSM) in China or the consequent impact on sexual health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Methods We recruited MSM from seven cities in China between 2012 and 2013 using multiple approaches including advertisements on gay websites, collaborating with local MSM community-based organizations, peer referrals, and venues such as gay bars and bathrooms visited by MSM. We divided participants into four subgroups based on the number of recreational drugs (RDs) used in the previous 6 months. We defined use of multiple RDs as use of ≥2 types of RDs. Demographics and HIV-related high-risk behaviors were collected, and blood samples were tested for recent HIV infection by the HIV-1 subtypes B, E, and D immunoglobulin G capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA). We used multivariable logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographics to determine the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the subgroups of RD use for recent or established HIV infection. Results A total of 4496 Chinese MSM participated; 28.4% used RDs, and 5% used multiple types of RDs. The prevalence of each RD use was as follows: poppers (25.9%), ecstasy (2.4%), ketamine (1.2%), amphetamine (0.6%), tramadol (0.4%), methamphetamine (3.8%), and codeine (1.9%). Users of multiple RDs commonly used poppers combined with one or more other types of RDs. Multiple RD users were likely to be aged 26–30 years (vs. 18–25 and > 30 years), live in non-local cities (vs. local cities), never married (vs. married), have a high monthly income (vs. no income and 1–599 USD), use versatile positions during anal intercourse (vs. top or bottom), and have inadequate HIV-related prevention knowledge (vs. adequate). As the number of RDs used in the previous 6 months increased, the prevalence of HIV-related high-risk behaviors increased (P < 0.05 for all). The odds of recent HIV infection were higher among those who used one type (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5–3.0) or two types of RD (aOR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.0-5.2) in the previous 6 months compared to the odds among those who did not use RDs. Conclusion The level and pattern of multiple RD use among Chinese MSM were different from high-income countries. MSM who used more RDs are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors, and these behaviors may be associated with increases in new HIV infections.

scholarly journals The Clinical Characteristics and Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis of 7632 HIV Patients in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Qin Li ◽  
Weibo Wen ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Fang Fang ◽  
Fang Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Abuse ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
High Risk Behaviors

Objective: To analyze the age and gender distribution characteristics of 7,632 HIV/AIDS patients at the onset of HIV infection-related high-risk intravenous drug abuse and sexual contact in Yunnan province. Methods: Data were collected from the database of Chinese Medicine Treatment of AIDS Pilot Project in Yunnan province. Gender, age and demographics of HIV/AIDS patients were analyzed. Results: The patients were almost in relatively high educational background. The number of male intravenous drug users (12.90%) was more than female, and the earliest average age was 10-14 years. The percentages of men in 10-19 years and 35-59 years were more than that of women. No obvious difference was found in heterosexual sexual contact in both men (48.11%) and women (51.89%), and the earliest ages was 15-19 years in males and 10-14 years in females. The percentage of males at 10-34 years old was less than that of females, just opposite to the age of 35-85 years. Homosexual contact was more in males (92.73%) than that in females (7.27%). The earliest homosexual sexual contact associated with HIV infection was 15-19 years in males and 25-29 years in females. Among 128 AIDS patients with pulmonary tuberculosis infection, intravenous drug abuse accounted for the highest proportion (76.56%) of the three high-risk behaviors related to HIV infection. Conclusions: Reducing risk behaviors and preventing intravenous drug abuse could be effective in preventing AIDS. Compared with other high-risk behaviors, patients with intravenous drug use and AIDS are at greater risk of contracting tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modeling of High-risk Behaviors in Reformation and Social Assistance Centers

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.7) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Nahid Khademi ◽  
Malihe Khoramdad ◽  
Ebrahim Shakiba ◽  
Nasrin Barkhordar ◽  
Hassan Rostamian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Rapid Hiv Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sexual Contacts

There is an increasing rate of high-risk behaviors in women, particularly those in prisons and high-risk places. This study was aimed to determine the high-risk behaviors among women residing in reformation and social assistance centers of Kermanshah province, Iran.In this cross sectional study, 480 women living in reformation and social assistance centers, central prisons, social welfare centers, suburban areas, high-risk neighborhoods and hangouts; were randomly selected. The primary data were collected via demographic and high-risk behavior questionnaire. To detect HIV infection, a rapid test was used as well as ELISA test in suspected cases. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi Square and Pearson Correlation Coefficient tests. The most prevalent high-risk behaviors in the subjects were addictive drug abuse (73.5%), arrest by judicial centers (59.2%), illegitimate sexual contacts (52.3%), and suicide (52.3%), respectively. The rapid HIV test revealed a positive correlation co-efficiency between HIV-positive individuals with crystal meth abuse (r=0.119, P=0.035).Associations were also observed between smoking and narcotic drug abusing (p<0.001) and with drinking alcohol (r=0.265, p<0.001). A history of suicide with a history of imprisonment also showed a positive correlation. A high prevalence of drug abusing, illegitimate sexual contacts, as well as transmission of HIV infection due to high-risk sexual contacts and injection drug addiction among the women were among the most significant findings of the survey. These observations highlight the importance of the of authority’s attention to design better policies and to implement them in order to reduce or prevent the resulting social harms.  

HIV infection: a retrospective analysis of adolescent high-risk behaviors

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl A. Lynch ◽  
Steven Krantz ◽  
Jan M. Russell ◽  
Laurie L. Hornberger ◽  
Christopher J. Van Ness
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
High Risk Behaviors

scholarly journals Correlates of perceived risk of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs in Tijuana,Baja California, Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffanie A Strathdee ◽  
Richard F Armenta ◽  
Daniela Abramovitz ◽  
Remedios Lozada ◽  
Alicia Vera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Persons Who Inject Drugs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Hiv Test

Objective. We identified correlates of perceived risk of HIV infection among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in Tijuana. Materials and methods. PWID ≥18 years of age who injected drugs in the past month were recruited between 2006-2007 and completed risk assessment interviews and serologic testing for HIV, syphilis, and tuberculosis. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with high-perceived risk of HIV infection. Results. Among 974 PWID, HIV prevalence was 4.4%; 45.0% of participants perceived themselves to be more likely to become HIV infected relative to other PWID in Tijuana. Participants who reported high-perceived risk of HIV infection participated in high-risk behaviors such as injecting with used syringes, transactional sex, and were less likely to have had an HIV test. Conclusions. Recognition of HIV infection risk was associated with high risk behaviors and markers of vulnerability. Findings support efforts to encourage HIV testing and access to health care for this vulnerable population.

The SRM Approach to Family Assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Cook
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Assessment ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Direction Of Effects

Abstract. In family systems, it is possible for one to put oneself at risk by eliciting aversive, high-risk behaviors from others ( Cook, Kenny, & Goldstein, 1991 ). Consequently, it is desirable that family assessments should clarify the direction of effects when evaluating family dynamics. In this paper a new method of family assessment will be presented that identifies bidirectional influence processes in family relationships. Based on the Social Relations Model (SRM: Kenny & La Voie, 1984 ), the SRM Family Assessment provides information about the give and take of family dynamics at three levels of analysis: group, individual, and dyad. The method will be briefly illustrated by the assessment of a family from the PIER Program, a randomized clinical trial of an intervention to prevent the onset of psychosis in high-risk young people.

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