scholarly journals Safety effects of low-cost engineering measures. An observational study in a Portuguese multilane road

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 346-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Vieira Gomes ◽  
João Lourenço Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Engineering ◽  
Engineering Measures

scholarly journals Number of Unused Medications at the Time of Last Admission: A Prospective Observational Study in a Single Palliative Care Unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1498-1504
Author(s):  
Takahito Omae ◽  
Nobuyuki Yotani ◽  
Akihiro Sakashita ◽  
Yoshiyuki Kizawa
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Palliative Care Unit ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Unused Medications ◽  
The Cost

Background: Unused medications (UM) are an important issue, with the waste associated with UM a burden to the health-care system. The aims of this study were to clarify the amount and costs of UM in patients with advanced cancer at the time of their last admission to a palliative care unit and to explore the factors contributing to the cost of UM and how patients dealt with UM. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in single palliative care unit. Unused medications were classified into 6 categories and the number and cost of UM by category calculated per patient. Patients were classified into 2 cost groups (high and low) based on the total cost of UM, and the number and cost of UM by category were compared between these 2 groups. Results: Of 194 consecutive hospitalized patients, data were analyzed for 90. The mean number and cost of UM per patient was 440 and US$301, respectively. Opioids accounted for 47% of the cost of UM. Comparing costs by UM category, the proportion of opioids (51% vs 21%; P < .0001) and oral anticancer drugs (14% vs 3%; P = .02) was higher in the high- than in the low-cost group. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the estimated annual waste cost of UM for patients with cancer who died in Japan was approximately US$110 million. Interventions to educate patients regarding UM and to eliminate barriers to opioid use may help reduce the cost of UM, particularly opioids and anticancer drugs.

Statistical Summary and Case Studies of Strong Wind Damage in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1096-1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyang Cao ◽  
◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Engineering Measures ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
Forestry Products ◽  
Statistical Summary

Strong wind events, such as typhoons and tornados, have caused severe damage to buildings and other structures as well as agricultural and forestry products in China. This paper analyzes statistical data on typhoons and tornados in China, and it reports case studies on strong wind damage. Lessons from past damage from strong winds, as well as engineering measures against potential wind damage to low-cost houses, are presented for the purpose of wind-related disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals Effects of Singing Bowl Sound Meditation on Mood, Tension, and Well-being: An Observational Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara L. Goldsby ◽  
Michael E. Goldsby ◽  
Mary McWalters ◽  
Paul J. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Technology Intervention ◽  
Singing Bowl

Poor mood and elevated anxiety are linked to increased incidence of disease. This study examined the effects of sound meditation, specifically Tibetan singing bowl meditation, on mood, anxiety, pain, and spiritual well-being. Sixty-two women and men (mean age 49.7 years) participated. As compared with pre-meditation, following the sound meditation participants reported significantly less tension, anger, fatigue, and depressed mood (all Ps <.001). Additionally, participants who were previously naïve to this type of meditation experienced a significantly greater reduction in tension compared with participants experienced in this meditation ( P < .001). Feeling of spiritual well-being significantly increased across all participants ( P < .001). Tibetan singing bowl meditation may be a feasible low-cost low technology intervention for reducing feelings of tension, anxiety, and depression, and increasing spiritual well-being. This meditation type may be especially useful in decreasing tension in individuals who have not previously practiced this form of meditation.

Low cost engineering centres

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Engineering

scholarly journals Correlates of Post-Partum Intra-Uterine Copper-T Devices (PPIUCD) Acceptability and Retention: An Observational Study from North India.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Gupta ◽  
Romi Bansal ◽  
Harbhajan Kaur Shergill ◽  
Pradeep Sharma ◽  
Priyanka Garg
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
North India ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Expulsion Rate

Abstract Background: Immediate postpartum period is the most appropriate time for introducing contraception as women are more pliable and highly motivated to adopt family planning methods. We assessed the safety and efficacy of post placental IUCD insertion (Cu- T 380A) immediately after delivery of placenta in women undergoing expected vaginal delivery or caesarean section and its compliance.Material and method: This prospective observational study was conducted for a period of (exact period of study) at a tertiary care institute in North India. Patients delivering at our hospital were recruited in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria after taking informed consent.Results: A total of 300 women were counselled over one year. Of these, 60% of women accepted PPIUCD. The majority of the PPIUCD acceptors were primigravida (61.7%), educated (86.1%), belonging to urban areas (61.7%), between 25 to 30 years (40.6%). The Follow-up rate was 93%, 90% and 81% at six weeks, three months, and six months, while the continuation rate at six months was 80%. The most common complication during follow-up were abnormal uterine bleeding, infection and missing threads. There was no case of perforation or failure of PPIUCD. The expulsion rate was 5%, and 14% of women had removal of PPIUCD.Conclusion: PPIUCD is a safe, highly effective, low cost, long-acting and feasible method of contraception. Skill enhancement of healthcare personnel for insertion techniques, adequate antenatal counselling, and advocacy of PPIUCD can help increase the acceptability of PPIUCD.

scholarly journals Performance of slope stabilization trials on the road network of Laos

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. qjegh2020-064 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hearn ◽  
J. Howell ◽  
T. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Slope Stabilization ◽  
The Road ◽  
Engineering Measures ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Bioengineering Techniques ◽  
Future Practice ◽  
Heavy Rains

Landslides pose significant hazards on the road network of Laos. These landslides frequently block access and occasionally result in the subsidence or loss of the carriageway. Several slope stabilization trials focusing on the use of bioengineering techniques and low-cost engineering measures were implemented in 2007 and 2008. Heavy rains in 2018 caused numerous landslides on the road network and a review was undertaken of the performance of the slope stabilization trial sites implemented ten years earlier. The outcome has proved very positive overall and vindicates the efforts made to understand the causes and mechanisms of the observed slope failures and the ground conditions that pertained. The outcomes of this research have been used to strengthen practice in Laos, and further afield, and to provide a valuable basis for future practice.

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