n-ary information element

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Element

Information in the Situation

2012 ◽  
pp. 31-60
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Information Element ◽  
Ideal Form ◽  
The World ◽  
Other Information

Although in an ideal form the information in the world would not involve people, in reality, it has no meaning without people observing and interacting with it. There is a widespread myth (a positivistic view) that information is something in the world that does not depend on people’s point of view and that it is independent of the situation in which it occurs. But information never has fixed significance. The available data is simply the raw material that must be processed. Any particular information element gains significance only from its relationship to other information in the context in which it occurs (Woods, Patterson, & Roth, 2002). However, this chapter tries to minimize those interaction and interpretation aspects, deferring those for the later parts of the book. Instead, it concentrates on the issues of the information in the situation before it gets mentally processed.

Community policing: training, definitions and policy implications

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutham Cheurprakobkit
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Personal Service ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Information Element ◽  
Community Oriented Policing

This study surveyed 198 police officers of a single police department in Texas regarding their attitudes about the practice of community‐oriented policing (COP) and its characteristics. Training on COP, rather than training duration, was found to affect officers’ attitudes toward accepting COP programs. Using Cordner’s four definitive dimensions of community policing (i.e. philosophical, strategic, tactical, and organizational) as a model, findings indicate that officers have familiarized themselves with the tactical dimension the most, especially the police‐citizen partnership and problem‐solving elements, while giving lowest priority to the information element of the organizational dimension. Others including the broader police function, personal service, and positive interaction elements are also less emphasized. The study reveals several problems the officers see as setbacks in implementing community policing and concludes that all of the COP characteristics must be looked at in the context of a whole system rather than as separate individual elements.

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