Short-term response of soil respiration to simulated acid rain in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Michelia macclurei plantations

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1239-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Zheng ◽  
Renshan Li ◽  
Qingpeng Yang ◽  
Weidong Zhang ◽  
Ke Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Response

Effects of potassium deficiency and simulated acid rain, alone and in combination, on the ultrastructure of Scots pine needles

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1402-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toini Holopainen ◽  
Pekka Nygren
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resting Period ◽  
Lipid Structures ◽  
Parenchyma Tissue

The effects of potassium deficiency and artificial acid precipitation, alone and in combination, on Scots pine (Pinussilvestris L.) needles were studied using transmission electron microscopy. The seedling material was grown in quartz sand culture and watered with nutrient solution containing 45, 20, 10, or 5 mg of potassium/L; the concentration of other nutrients was constant and equally available for all seedlings. A portion of the seedlings from each group received consecutive acidified water spraying of pH 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, and 3.0, each for 4 days with a 3-day resting period between applications. The potassium deficiency caused an increase in the proportional vacuolar space and severe vesiculation of the tonoplast. Irregularly shaped lipid structures increased in number in the cytoplasm, and lipid bodies also appeared in the vacuoles and occasionally in the chloroplasts. The symptoms related to potassium deficiency were more severe in the transfusion parenchyma cells than in the mesophyll. The lowest level of potassium produced almost complete disorganization of the cellular structures in the transfusion parenchyma tissue, but severe changes were also seen in the mesophyll. The simulated acid rain treatment caused the formation of protrusions in the chloroplasts and an increase in irregularly shaped lipid structures in the cytoplasm throughout the mesophyll tissue, but no clear symptoms were observed inside the bundle sheath. In general, the changes caused by acid rain in the chloroplasts were slight and did not cause serious disorganization of these organelles. When the seedlings were exposed to combination treatment, the typical symptoms of both exposures were observable. The results suggest that the stresses caused by potassium deficiency and short-term foliar acid rain treatment can be distinguished in the needle ultrastructure.

Short-term response of soil respiration to nitrogen fertilization in a subtropical evergreen forest

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Gao ◽  
Niles J. Hasselquist ◽  
Sari Palmroth ◽  
Zemei Zheng ◽  
Wenhui You
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Subtropical Evergreen Forest ◽  
Term Response

scholarly journals Effects of simulated acid rain on soil respiration rate and soil bacterial diversity in aPhyllostachyspubescensforest in subtropical China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Wang ◽  
Xiaocheng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Acid Rain ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Soil Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Soil Respiration Rate ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Soil Bacterial

AbstractAcid rain has been regarded as a global environmental concern due to its negative effects on global ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) on soil respiration rate and soil bacterial diversity in a Moso bamboo (phyllostachyspubescens) forest in subtropical China. Experimental results showed a similar seasonal pattern of soil respiration rates underdifferent SAR treatments. Seasonal mean soil respiration rates for CK (control, deionized water, pH 6.7), T1 (pH 5.6), T2 (pH 4.0) and T3 (pH 2.5) treatments were 3.44, 4.80, 4.35 and 4.51 μ mol m−2s−1, respectively. One-way analysis of variance indicated that the SAR exposure had no significant effect on soil respiration (p>0.1) and soil microbial biomass (p>0.1). Soil bacterial community diversity was calculated as the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the results showed that only T3 treatment had significant effects on soil bacterial diversity. The DGGE analysis results revealed that T1 and CK soils had closer association and were related to the T2 soil, while T3 soil was distinctly different from the other treatments. This work highlights that the effects of SAR are important to consider in assessing the soil respiration rate, particularly under the scenario of increasing acid rain pollution.

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