Applicability of a sequential P fractionation procedure to Si in sediment

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Tallberg ◽  
Kaarina Lukkari ◽  
Antti Räike ◽  
Jouni Lehtoranta ◽  
Mirja Leivuori
Keyword(s):  
P Fractionation ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Sequential P Fractionation

CHANGES WITH TIME IN THE FORM AND AVAILABILITY OF RESIDUAL FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS ON CHERNOZEMIC SOILS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. WAGAR ◽  
J. W. B. STEWART ◽  
J. O. MOIR
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Organic P ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Labile P ◽  
P Transformations ◽  
Stable Forms

A sequential phosphorus (P) fractionation procedure was used to measure the changes in the labile and stable forms of inorganic and organic P following single broadcast P applications to Canadian Chernozemic soils under cereal cropping. Approximately half of the fertilizer residues remained in plant-available forms (resin, NaHCO3). In a Black Waskada clay loam 8 yr after the application of 200 and 400 kg P ha−1, residual fertilizer P consisted of resin-P, 30–40%; HCl-P, 25–30%; residue-P, 10–15%; NaOH-P, 10–15%, NaHCO3-P, 10%; and aggregate protected P, 3%. The residues in a Dark Brown Sutherland clay 5 yr after the application of 160 kg P ha−1 were: resin-P, 35%; NaOH-P, 30–40%; NaHCO3-P, 15%; HCl-P, 0–5%; H2SO4-P, 5%; and aggregate protected P, 5%. The soils differed in the quantity of fertilizer recovered in inorganic HCl-extractable forms. In the Sutherland soil the change from wheat-fallow to continuous wheat cropping produced a build-up of organic P which occurred with and without the addition of P fertilizer. Key words: Residual P, P transformations, Labile Pi; labile Po, stable Pi stable Po

scholarly journals Bone char effects on soil: sequential fractionations and XANES spectroscopy

SOIL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Morshedizad ◽  
Kerstin Panten ◽  
Wantana Klysubun ◽  
Peter Leinweber
Keyword(s):  
Xanes Spectroscopy ◽  
Bone Char ◽  
Reduced Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Sequential P Fractionation

Abstract. The acceptability of novel bone char fertilizers depends on their P release, but reactions at bone char surfaces and impacts on soil P speciation are insufficiently known. By using sequential fractionation and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy we investigated whether and how the chemical composition of bone char particles has been altered in soil and has consequently affected the P speciation of amended soils. Therefore, two different kinds of bone char particles (BC produced by the pyrolysis of degreased animal bone chips at 800 °C and BCplus, a BC enriched with reduced sulfur compounds) were manually separated from the soil at the end of two different experiments: incubation leaching and ryegrass cultivation. Sequential P fractionation of amended soils showed P enrichment in all fractions compared to the control. The most P increase between all treatments significantly occurred in the NaOH–P and resin-P fractions in response to BCplus application in both incubation-leaching and ryegrass cultivation experiments. This increase in the readily available P fraction in BCplus-treated soils was confirmed by linear combination fitting (LCF) analysis on P K-edge XANES spectra of BC particles and amended soils. The proportion of Ca hydroxyapatite decreased, whereas the proportion of CaHPO4 increased in BCplus particles after amended soils had been incubated and leached and cropped by ryegrass. Based on P XANES speciation as determined by LCF analysis, the proportion of inorganic Ca(H2PO4)2 increased in amended soils after BCplus application. These results indicate that soil amendment with BCplus particles leads to elevated P concentration and maintains more soluble P species than BC particles even after 230 days of ryegrass cultivation.

scholarly journals Sequential P Fractionation of Relict Anthropogenic Dark Earths of Amazonia

2004 ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lehmann ◽  
Carla Vabose Campos ◽  
Jeferson Luiz Vasconselos de Macêdo ◽  
Laura German
Keyword(s):  
P Fractionation ◽  
Sequential P Fractionation

scholarly journals Bone char effects on soil: sequential fractionations and XANES spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Morshedizad ◽  
Kerstin Panten ◽  
Wantana Klysubun ◽  
Peter Leinweber
Keyword(s):  
Xanes Spectroscopy ◽  
Bone Char ◽  
Reduced Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Amended Soils ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Sequential P Fractionation

Abstract. Acceptability of novel bone char fertilizers depends on their P release but reactions at bone char surfaces and impacts to soil P speciation are insufficiently known. By sequential fractionation and synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy we investigated whether and how the chemical composition of bone char particles has been altered in soil and, consequently, has affected the P speciation of amended soils. Therefore, two different kinds of bone char particles (BC, produced by pyrolysis of degreased animal bone chips at 800 ºC and BCplus, a BC enriched with reduced sulfur compounds) were manually separated from the soil at the end of two different experiments: incubation-leaching and ryegrass cultivation. Sequential P-fractionation of amended soils showed P-enrichment in all fractions as compared to the control. The most P increase between all treatments significantly occurred in the NaOH-P and resin-P fractions in response to BCplus application in both, incubation-leaching and ryegrass cultivation experiments. This increase of the readily available P fraction in BCplus treated soils was confirmed by linear combination fitting (LCF) analysis on P K-edge XANES spectra of BCs particles and amended soils. The proportion of Ca-hydroxyapatite decreased, whereas the proportion of CaHPO4 increased in BCplus particles after amended soils had been incubated and leached and cropped by ryegrass. Based on P-XANES speciation as determined by LCF analysis, the proportion of inorganic Ca(H2PO4)2 increased in amended soils after BCplus application. These results indicated that soil amendment with BCplus particles leads to elevated P concentration and maintains more soluble P species than BC particles even after 230-days of ryegrass cultivation.

Forms of phosphate in soils fertilized with rock phosphate and superphosphate as measured by chemical fractionation

Soil Research ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Kumar ◽  
RJ Gilkes ◽  
MDA Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Sampling Depth ◽  
Rock Phosphates ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Western Australian

The forms of P in three Western Australian soils that had been fertilized up to 5 years previously with rock phosphates (RP) and superphosphate were determined by a P fractionation procedure using 1 M NH4Cl, 0.5 M NH4F, 0.1 M NaOH+1 M NaCl, citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate (CDB), 1 M NaOH, and 1 M HCl. P extracted by NH4Cl and NH4F from soils fertilized with superphosphate decreased with time since application. For soils treated with apatitic RP the amounts of fertilizer P extracted by 1 M HCl decreased with time since application. This decrease was probably due to loss of apatite grains from the top soil by eluviation, bioturbation and cultivation rather than continuing dissolution of RP. For these soils most of the fertilizer P (63-67%) remained in the soil as residual apatite 5 years after fertilizer application, and this P is soluble in 1 M HCl. Over the 5 years of the experiment there was no systematic transformation of one form of P to another in soils fertilized with apatitic RP. An average amount ranging over 20-37% of added P was lost from the 0-10 cm sampling depth for different fertilizers.

Microbial biomass P dynamics and sequential P fractionation in high and low P fixing Kenyan soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydie-Stella Koutika ◽  
Timothy E. Crews ◽  
George Ayaga ◽  
Philip C. Brookes
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
Sequential P Fractionation

An Evaluation of a Plasma Fractionation System

1960 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 031-044
Author(s):  
George Y. Shinowara ◽  
E. Mary Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Native Proteins ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

SummaryFour primary fractions comprising at least 97 per cent of the plasma proteins have been critically appraised for evidence of denaturation arising from a low temperature—low ionic strength fractionation system. The results in addition to those referable to the recovery of mass and biological activity include the following: The high solubilities of these fractions at pH 7.3 and low ionic strengths; the compatibility of the electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal data of the individual fractions with those of the original plasma; and the recovery of hemoglobin, not hematin, in fraction III obtained from specimens contaminated with this pigment. However, the most significant evidence for minimum alterations of native proteins was that the S20, w and the electrophoretic mobility data on the physically recombined fractions were identical to those found on whole plasma.The fractionation procedure examined here quantitatively isolates fibrinogen, prothrombin and antithrombin in primary fractions. Results have been obtained demonstrating its significance in other biological systems. These include the following: The finding of 5 S20, w classes in the 4 primary fractions; the occurrence of more than 90 per cent of the plasma gamma globulins in fraction III; the 98 per cent pure albumin in fraction IV; and, finally, the high concentration of beta lipoproteins in fraction II.

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