Experimental Measurement and Numerical Validation of Bone Cement Mantle Strains of an In Vitro Hip Replacement Using Optical FBG Sensors

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1267-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ramos ◽  
M. W. Schiller ◽  
I. Abe ◽  
P. A. Lopes ◽  
J. A. Simões
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Experimental Measurement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Numerical Validation ◽  
Fbg Sensors

scholarly journals Reproduction of fretting wear at the stem—cement interface in total hip replacement

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 963-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Brown ◽  
H Zhang ◽  
L Blunt ◽  
S Barrans
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Cement Interface ◽  
Total Hip

The stem-cement interface experiences fretting wear in vivo due to low-amplitude oscillatory micromotion under physiological loading, as a consequence it is considered to play an important part in the overall wear of cemented total hip replacement. Despite its potential significance, in-vitro simulation to reproduce fretting wear has seldom been attempted and even then with only limited success. In the present study, fretting wear was successfully reproduced at the stem-cement interface through an in-vitro wear simulation, which was performed in part with reference to ISO 7206-4: 2002. The wear locations compared well with the results of retrieval studies. There was no evidence of bone cement transfer films on the stem surface and no fatigue cracks in the cement mantle. The cement surface was severely damaged in those areas in contact with the fretting zones on the stem surface, with retention of cement debris in the micropores. Furthermore, it was suggested that these micropores contributed to initiation and propagation of fretting wear. This study gave scope for further comparative study of the influence of stem geometry, stem surface finish, and bone cement brand on generation of fretting wear.

Shape Optimization of Femoral Components of an Artificial Hip Prosthesis Using the Three-Dimensional P-Version Finite Element Study and the In Vitro Measurement of Strain in the Bone Cement

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Higa ◽  
Ikuya Nishimura ◽  
Kazuhiro Matsuda ◽  
Hiromasa Tanino ◽  
Yoshinori Mitamura
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Shape Optimization ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Femoral Component ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Femoral Stem ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Optimum Shape ◽  
Shear Stresses

Though Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is being performed with greater frequency every year for patients with endstage arthritis of hip, mechanical fatigue of bone cement leading to damage accumulation is implicated in the loosening of cemented hip components. This fatigue failure of bone cement has been reported to be the result of high tensile and shear stresses at the bone cement. The aim of this study is to design the optimum shape of femoral component of a THA that minimizes the peak stress value of maximum principal stress at the bone cement and to validate the FEM results by comparing numerical stress with experimental ones. The p-version three-dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM) combined with an optimization procedure was used to perform the shape optimization. Moreover the strain in the cement mantle surrounding the cemented femoral component of a THA was measured in vitro using strain gauges embedded within the cement mantle adjacent to the developed femoral stem to validate the optimization results of FEM.

scholarly journals In Vitro Fatigue Failure of Cemented Acetabular Replacements: A Hip Simulator Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Zant ◽  
P. Heaton-Adegbile ◽  
J. G. Hussell ◽  
J. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Normal Walking ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cement Interface ◽  
Hip Simulator

Although hip simulators for in vitro wear testing of prosthetic materials used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) have been available for a number of years, similar equipment has yet to appear for endurance testing of fixation in cemented THA, despite considerable evidence of late aseptic loosening as one of the most significant failure mechanisms in this type of replacements. An in vitro study of fatigue behavior in cemented acetabular replacements has been carried out, utilizing a newly developed hip simulator. The machine was designed to simulate the direction and the magnitude of the hip contact force under typical physiological loading conditions, including normal walking and stair climbing, as reported by Bergmann et al. (2001, Hip 98, Freie Universitaet, Berlin). A 3D finite element analysis has been carried out to validate the function of the hip simulator and to evaluate the effects of boundary conditions and geometry of the specimen on the stress distribution in the cement mantle. Bovine pelvic bones were implanted with a Charnley cup, using standard manual cementing techniques. Experiments were carried out under normal walking and descending stairs loading conditions with selected load levels from a body weight of 75–125kg. Periodically, the samples were removed from the test rigs to allow CT scanning for the purpose of monitoring damage development in the cement fixation. The hip simulator was found to be satisfactory in reproducing the hip contact force during normal walking and stair climbing, as reported by Bergmann et al. Finite element analysis shows that the stress distributions in the cement mantle and at the bone-cement interface are largely unaffected by the geometry and the boundary conditions of the model. Three samples were tested up to 17×106cycles and sectioned post-testing for microscopic studies. Debonding at the bone-cement interface of various degrees in the posterior-superior quadrant was revealed in these samples, and the location of the failures corresponds to the highest stressed region from the finite-element analysis. Preliminary experimental results from a newly developed hip simulator seem to suggest that debonding at the bone-cement interface is the main failure mechanism in cemented acetabular replacements, and descending stairs seem to be more detrimental than normal walking or ascending stairs with regard to fatigue integrity of cement fixation.

En-bloc femoral cement removal after failure of cemented total hip replacement in two dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Song ◽  
J. G. Sheehy ◽  
J. Dyce
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Periprosthetic Infection ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Femoral Bone ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Cement Interface ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Cement Removal

SummaryIn two dogs with periprosthetic infection after total hip replacement, the femoral cement mantle was retrieved by proximal extraction without an invasive osteotomy or cortical fenestration. En-bloc femoral cement removal was performed by injection of polymethylmethacrylate cement into the central mantle void left after stem removal, and by threading a positive profile pin into the newly injected cement. Once the PMMA had polymerized, the pin was withdrawn with the entire mantle attached. This technique should be considered in patients with circumferential deterioration of the femoral bone-cement interface in which the diameter of the femoral isthmus would not obstruct withdrawal of the cement mantle.

scholarly journals The Effect of Cement Aging on the Stability of a Cement-in-Cement Revision Construct

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2814
Author(s):  
Mareike Schonhoff ◽  
Therese Bormann ◽  
Kevin Knappe ◽  
Tobias Reiner ◽  
Linda Stange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Stability

A revision surgery can be a complicated procedure. The prevention of the removal of a well-integrated cement mantle can minimize intraoperative complications. With the cement-in-cement technique, the implant will be fixated with a layer of bone cement onto the remaining cement mantle. In our experimental in vitro study, we investigated the effect of cement aging of a cement-in-cement revision construct and regular cement mantle on the bending strength. Two different types of bone cement were tested at four different stages of aging. The Palacos cement showed no significant difference in bending strength at any aging point, regardless of whether it was used primarily or as a cement-in-cement revision. In contrast, the SmartSet MV cement showed a significant difference between the primary and cement-in-cement applications depending on cement aging time. The comparison of the two cement-in-cement structures investigated showed significant differences between the manufacturers depending on the cement aging.

scholarly journals Does vacuum mixing affect diameter shrinkage of a PMMA cement mantle during in vitro cemented acetabulum implantation?

2020 ◽  
pp. 095441192096402
Author(s):  
Alexander T Boote ◽  
Robert JA Bigsby ◽  
David J Deehan ◽  
Kenneth S Rankin ◽  
David C Swailes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Acetabular Cup ◽  
Radiolucent Lines ◽  
Early Loosening ◽  
Pmma Bone Cement ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Vacuum Mixing

Radiolucent lines on immediate postoperative cemented acetabular component radiographs between the PMMA bone cement mantle and bone are an indicator of an increased risk of early loosening. The cause of these lines has yet to be identified. Thermal and chemical necrosis, fluid interposition and cement shrinkage have all been suggested in the literature. The aim of the study reported here was to take an engineering approach – eliminating confounding variables present during surgery – to quantify the size of the interstice created by cement shrinkage when a 50 mm diameter flanged acetabular cup is implanted in a model acetabulum with a 52 mm hemispherical bore under controlled conditions using vacuum and non-vacuum mixed cement. Irrespective of the mixing method used, a significant interstice was created between the bone cement and the mock acetabulum. When the cement was mixed under vacuum the interstice created between the mock acetabulum and the cement mantle was 0.60 mm ± 0.09 mm; when the cement was mixed under non-vacuum conditions the interstice created was 0.39 mm ± 0.15 mm. Possible explanations for radiolucent lines are discussed.

scholarly journals A bioactive polymethylmethacrylate bone cement for prosthesis fixation in osteoporotic hip replacement surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 109966
Author(s):  
Zhibo Zheng ◽  
Siyu Chen ◽  
Xudong Liu ◽  
Yingjie Wang ◽  
Yanyan Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Hip Replacement Surgery ◽  
Prosthesis Fixation

THE INFLUENCE OF TIBIAL PROSTHESIS DESIGN FEATURES ON STRESSES RELATED TO ASEPTIC LOOSENING AND STRESS SHIELDING

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
DESMOND Y. R. CHONG ◽  
ULRICH N. HANSEN ◽  
ANDREW A. AMIS
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Aseptic Loosening ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Stress Shielding ◽  
Cement Mantle ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Cement Interface

Aseptic loosening caused by mechanical factors is a recognized failure mode for tibial components of knee prostheses. This parametric study investigated the effects of prosthesis fixation design changes, which included the presence, length and diameter of a central stem, the use of fixation pegs beneath the tray, all-polyethylene versus metal-backed tray, prosthesis material stiffness, and cement mantle thickness. The cancellous bone compressive stresses and bone–cement interfacial shear stresses, plus the reduction of strain energy density in the epiphyseal cancellous bone, an indication of the likelihood of component loosening, and bone resorption secondary to stress shielding, were examined. Design features such as longer stems reduced bone and bone–cement interfacial stresses thus the risk of loosening is potentially minimized, but at the expense of an increased tendency for bone resorption. The conflicting trend suggested that bone quality and fixation stability have to be considered mutually for the optimization of prosthesis designs. By comparing the bone stresses and bone–cement shear stresses to reported fatigue strength, it was noted that fatigue of both the cancellous bone and bone–cement interface could be the driving factor for long-term aseptic loosening for metal-backed tibial trays.

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