Canine Leishmaniasis: Parasitological Follow-up of the Treated Subject

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. 45-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mancianti ◽  
A. Franceschi
Keyword(s):  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Treated Subject

scholarly journals Sternal Aspiration of Bone Marrow in Dogs: A Practical Approach for Canine Leishmaniasis Diagnosis and Monitoring

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Paparcone ◽  
Eleonora Fiorentino ◽  
Silvia Cappiello ◽  
Manuela Gizzarelli ◽  
Luigi Gradoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Routine Diagnosis ◽  
Lateral Recumbency

Bone-marrow aspirate material is commonly considered as one of the most sensitive tissues for a reliable diagnosis of leishmaniasis. The procedure herein described may permit less experienced veterinarians to be familiar with a quick and safe assessment method for leishmaniasis diagnosis in their patients. Animals are positioned in right lateral recumbency, and the area corresponding to the second, third, or fourth sternebra is identified and aseptically prepared. A 18-gauge needle connected to a 10 mL syringe is driven through the skin, up to the bone wall, and firmly pushed forward while rotating. Entry into the sternebra’s cavity is clearly perceived by the fall of resistance offered by the cortex. Some 2,500 sternal bone-marrow samplings were safely and efficiently performed on 887 dogs of different breeds and aging from 6 months to 14 years, during eight years of clinical activity for routine diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis in pets or for the efficacy evaluation of anti-Leishmania immunobiologicals in dogs naturally exposed to parasite transmission. Most of the samples (1716) were from 387 dogs enrolled for anti-Leishmania vaccine studies. The safety of the method was particularly assessed on these dogs that as per study protocol were submitted to repeated bone-marrow aspirations (2–4 per year) in follow-up examinations.

scholarly journals Canine Leishmaniasis in Brazil: Serological Follow-Up of a Dog Population in an Endemic Area of American Visceral Leishmaniasis

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Valéria Machado da Silva ◽  
Adelzon Assis de Paula ◽  
Daniela de Pita Pereira ◽  
Reginaldo Peçanha Brazil ◽  
João Carlos Araujo Carreira
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent Assay ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

We performed a serological, clinical, and parasitological follow-up of a dog population in an endemic area of American Visceral Leishmaniasis estimated by indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and western blot (WB). After twelve months, the results obtained from IFA demonstrated that 50% were seropositive and two serological profiles were observed: the first one ranging from 1/40 to 1/80 and the second≥1/160. By WB, it was observed that the same percentage and sera from positive dogs presented the recognition of the peptides of 29 and 32 kDa up to 8 months before IFA serum conversion. Among the positive dogs, all the sera from symptomatic ones with tissue parasitism recognized the peptide of 68.5 kDa. Our results suggest the need of modifications in the control measures regarding the elimination of the dogs. They also corroborate the high sensitivity and specificity of western blot in the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis, suggesting the possibility of its association with IFA.

scholarly journals Toward Diagnosing Leishmania infantum Infection in Asymptomatic Dogs in an Area Where Leishmaniasis Is Endemic

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Otranto ◽  
P. Paradies ◽  
D. de Caprariis ◽  
D. Stanneck ◽  
G. Testini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

ABSTRACT The most frequently used diagnostic methods were compared in a longitudinal survey with Leishmania infantum-infected asymptomatic dogs from an area of Italy where leishmaniasis is endemic. In February and March 2005, 845 asymptomatic dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), a dipstick assay (DS), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for L. infantum and by IFAT for Ehrlichia canis. Dogs seronegative for L. infantum were further parasitologically evaluated by microscopic examination of lymph node tissues and PCR of skin samples. A total of 204 animals both serologically and parasitologically negative for L. infantum at the first sampling were enrolled in the trial and were further examined for canine leishmaniasis (CanL) and canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in November 2005 (i.e., the end of the first sandfly season) and March 2006 and 2007 (1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively). At the initial screening, the overall rates of L. infantum seroprevalence were 9.5% by IFAT, 17.1% by ELISA, and 9.8% by DS and the overall rate of E. canis seroprevalence was 15%. The rates of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS were almost equal, whereas the rate of concordance between the results of IFAT and DS and those of the ELISA was lower. The results of the annual incidence of Leishmania infection were variable, depending on the test employed, with the highest values registered for PCR (i.e., 5.7% and 11.4% at the 1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively), followed by ELISA, IFAT, and DS. Over the 2 years of observation, 55 animals (i.e., 26.9%) became positive for L. infantum by one or more diagnostic tests at different follow-up times, with 12.7% showing clinical signs related to CanL, while the remaining 87.3% were asymptomatic. A diagnostic scheme for assessment of the L. infantum infection status in asymptomatic dogs is suggested.

scholarly journals Value of Western Blotting in the Clinical Follow-Up of Canine Leishmaniasis

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Fernández-Pérez ◽  
Susana Méndez ◽  
Concepción de la Fuente ◽  
Montserrat Cuquerella ◽  
M. Teresa Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis

Short report: improved diagnosis and follow-up of canine leishmaniasis using amastigote-based indirect immunofluorescence.

1999 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Fernández-Pérez ◽  
M T Gómez-Muñoz ◽  
M Cuquerella ◽  
S Méndez ◽  
C de la Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Short Report

Canine leishmaniasis: clinical, parasitological and entomological follow-up after chemotherapy

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alvar ◽  
R. Molina ◽  
M. San Andrés ◽  
M. Tesouro ◽  
J. Nieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Leishmaniasis

Evaluation of conjunctival swab sampling in the diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis: A two-year follow-up study in Çukurova Plain, Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 214 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Karakuş ◽  
Seray Töz ◽  
Hatice Ertabaklar ◽  
Serdar Paşa ◽  
Abidin Atasoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Conjunctival Swab

scholarly journals Relationship betweenLeishmaniaIFAT Titer and Clinicopathological Manifestations (Clinical Score) in Dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Proverbio ◽  
Eva Spada ◽  
Giada Bagnagatti de Giorgi ◽  
Roberta Perego ◽  
Emanuela Valena
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Clinical Scores ◽  
Soluble Immune Complexes

During canine leishmaniasis (CanL) due toLeishmania infantum,high levels of antibodies production are associated with the presence of various clinical signs, because of the deposition of soluble immune complexes in organs and tissues. The immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) is one of the most commonly used techniques for detection of anti-Leishmaniaantibodies. The purpose of this study was to assess whether there is a correlation between clinical signs and IFAT titers in dogs naturally infected withLeishmania. A retrospective study was performed on medical records of 49 dogs diagnosed with CanL. Information extracted from the medical records of each dog with CanL was clinical score, IFAT titer, serum total protein (TP), gamma globulin (IgG) and creatinine concentration, and protein creatinine ratio in urine sample (UP/UC) at each follow-up examination. Results show that dogs with highest IFAT titers recorded had higher mean clinical scores indicating a positive relationship (P<0.0001) between anti-Leishmaniaantibodies (IgG) and clinical manifestations, which becomes more evident in severe clinical forms of canine leishmaniasis. Higher TP and IgG serum concentrations were recorded in dogs with higher clinical scores. Significant association was observed between UP/UC and the IFAT titer (P=0.004).

Experimental canine leishmaniasis: Clinical, parasitological and serological follow-up

Acta Tropica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Maia ◽  
Mónica Nunes ◽  
José Cristóvão ◽  
Lenea Campino
Keyword(s):  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Experimental Canine

scholarly journals Serum indirect immunofluorescence assay and real-time PCR results in dogs affected by Leishmania infantum: evaluation before and after treatment at different clinical stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Bruno ◽  
Angelo Romano ◽  
Renato Zanatta ◽  
Simona Spina ◽  
Walter Mignone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

We compared results of a serum immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and lymph node quantitative PCR (qPCR) in dogs classified as exposed, infected, or sick because of leishmaniasis. We also determined how IFA or qPCR results changed in response to treatment and reflected different clinical and clinicopathologic improvement of dogs. We included 108 dogs in our retrospective study: 12 exposed, 25 infected, and 71 sick, as classified according to Canine Leishmaniasis Working Group standards. Between-group comparison showed higher IFA values ( p < 0.01) for sick dogs; qPCR values were higher for sick than infected dogs ( p < 0.01). A novel clinical and clinicopathologic score was created and applied to 50 sick dogs. Using this score, 41 were reclassified as partially recovered (PR) within 3 mo, and 37 as totally recovered (TR) 3–6 mo after presentation. Statistically significant differences in IFA values were found between the sick and TR dogs ( p < 0.01), but not between sick and PR dogs ( p = 0.98). During follow-up, qPCR revealed a progressive decrease in parasite load, with a statistically significant difference in sick versus PR ( p < 0.01), sick versus TR ( p < 0.01), and PR versus TR ( p < 0.01) dogs. A decrease of 1 point in the clinical score corresponded to 1.3 Leishmania/μL qPCR decrease ( p < 0.01) and decrease of 1:42 in IFA ( p < 0.01). Our findings confirm that the clinical status of dogs affected by leishmaniasis is closely related to parasite load and antibody level, both before and after treatment.

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