Anthelminthic activity of acetone extract and fractions of Vernonia amygdalina against Haemonchus contortus eggs and larvae

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaiah Oluwafemi Ademola ◽  
J. N. Eloff
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Anthelminthic Activity ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Anthelmintic effect of four extracts obtained from Caesalpinia coriaria foliage against the eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Rojas-Morales ◽  
Jaime Cubides-Cárdenas ◽  
Andrea Constanza Montenegro ◽  
Carlos Alberto Martínez ◽  
Ronnal Ortíz-Cuadros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
South American ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Acetone Water ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Anthelmintic Effect

Abstract To investigate the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria), a traditional medicinal plant used in Central America and the northern part of South America, extracts from the foliage of this plant were subjected to the egg hatching test (EHT) and larval exsheathment inhibition test (LEIT), against Haemonchus contortus. Four different extracts were evaluated: acetone-water (AW), methanol-water (MW), acetone-water-dichloromethane (AWD) and methanol-water-dichloromethane (MWD). The concentrations used for the EHT and LEIT tests ranged from 500 to 4000 µg mL-1 and six repetitions per concentration. The effective concentrations (EC50) were calculated using Probit analysis. The EC50 for EHT were 2947.0, 3347.0, 3959.6 and 4538.7 µg mL-1 for MWD, MW, AW and AWD, respectively. The EC50 for LEIT were 2883.4, 5927.4, 9876.3 and 9955.4 µg mL-1 for AWD, AW, MWD and MW, respectively. The methanol extracts were the most effective in inhibiting the hatching of eggs, while the acetone extracts showed efficacy in inhibiting larval exsheathment. This study explains the importance that C. coriaria has as a medicinal plant in Central and South American countries.

Observations on the free-living stages of the stomach worm Haemonchus contortus

Parasitology ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 469-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Heavy Mortality

Outdoor observations were made on the rate of development of the free-living stages of H. contortus at different times of the year, and on the migratory activities and longevity of the larvae in faeces, on herbage and in soil.The effects of temperature and humidity on the survival and development of eggs and larvae, both in faeces and when separated from the faeces, were studied in the laboratory.The results of these observations are discussed in relation to the heavy mortality of the free-living stages of H. contortus and to the transmission of infection in the field.

scholarly journals Isorhamnetin: A Nematocidal Flavonoid from Prosopis laevigata Leaves Against Haemonchus contortus Eggs and Larvae

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Edgar Jesús Delgado-Núñez ◽  
Alejandro Zamilpa ◽  
Manasés González-Cortazar ◽  
Agustín Olmedo-Juárez ◽  
Alexandre Cardoso-Taketa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Haemonchus contortus affect small ruminants all over the world. Anthelmintics cause resistance, contamination, and a risk of public health. Prosopis laevigata is a plant used as a home remedy against many diseases in Mexico. This study arose from a preliminary study where a P. laevigata hydroalcoholic extract (Pl-hae) showed anthelmintic activity (aa) against H. contortus. Searching for bioactive compounds (bac) with high aa, the Pl-hae was fractioned obtaining an aqueous (Aq-F) and an ethyl acetate fraction (EtAc-F), and a flavonoid with aa identified as isorhamnetin was obtained from EtAc-F. Both fractions were in vitro assessed by the egg hatch test (eht) and larval mortality (lm) assays. The bac obtained from EtAc-F were characterised by NMR analysis. The highest aa were recorded with EtAc-F, resulting in 100% eht and 80.45% lm at 0.75 and 30 mg/mL, respectively. Alterations in eggs and larvae attributed to isorhamnetin were recorded by environmental scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning and by high-resolution digital-coupled camera. This flavonoid caused 100% eht at 0.07 mg/mL after 48 h and 100% lm at 7.5 mg/mL after 72 h exposure. Isorhamnetin has promising potential as an anthelmintic against sheep haemonchosis.

In vitro activity of essential oils of free and nanostructured Melaleuca alternifolia and of terpinen-4-ol on eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.H. Grando ◽  
M.F. de Sá ◽  
M.D. Baldissera ◽  
C.B. Oliveira ◽  
M.E. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Promising Line ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Production Losses

AbstractHaemonchus contortus is one of the major gastrointestinal nematodes responsible for significant economic and production losses of sheep. Diseases caused by this species lack effective anthelmintic products, and the search for new compounds to replace synthetic anthelmintics has been extensive. The present investigation assesses the in vitro activity of the essential oil of melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia), both free (TTO) and nanostructured (nanoTTO), and terpinen-4-ol (terp-4-ol) on eggs and larvae of H. contortus. Tests of egg hatching (EHT) and inhibition of larval migration (LMIT) were used to assess the in vitro efficacy of TTO, nanoTTO and terp-4-ol. Using EHT, at a concentration of 3.5 mg/ml, 100% inhibition occurred using TTO and terp-4-ol, with LC50 values of 0.43 and 0.63 mg/ml, and LC90 values of 1.75 mg/ml and 3.12 mg/ml, respectively. NanoTTO had lower activity, with 82.6% inhibition at the same concentration. Using LMIT, TTO and nanoTTO had a similar activity with 88.0% and 84.8% inhibition, respectively, at a concentration of 56 mg/ml. Terp-4-ol had a greater effect on larvae, with 85.7% inhibition at a concentration of 56 mg/ml and 82.4% at 3.5 mg/ml, demonstrating high activity at the lowest concentration tested. Therefore, the results indicate that all substances tested showed ovicidal and larvicidal activity against H. contortus. TTO, terp-4-ol and, mainly, nanoTTO may be targeted in in vivo studies, besides being a promising line of research into the control and treatment of veterinary important helminths.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Compounds from the Flower Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abere Habtamu ◽  
Yadessa Melaku
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Strong Activity

Vernonia amygdalina is traditionally used in Ethiopia to treat various diseases. This prompted us to isolate bioactive compounds from the flowers of this plant. The CHCl3 extract after silica gel column chromatography has led to the isolation of two compounds identified as tricosane (1) and vernolide (2), while the acetone extract furnished isorhamnetin (3) and luteolin (4). The acetone extract and isorhamnetin significantly scavenged the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical by 91.6 and 94%, respectively. It was also shown that the acetone extract and isorhamnetin inhibited lipid peroxidation by 74 and 80%, respectively. The extracts and isolated compounds were also evaluated for their antibacterial activity with the CHCl3 extract and vernolide showing strong activity against S. aureus with an inhibition zone of 21 and 19 mm, respectively. On the other hand, the acetone extract and isorhamnetin were active against all bacterial pathogens tested. The work presented herein has demonstrated that vernolide and isorhamnetin had antibacterial activity. The antioxidant activity displayed by the flowers of V. amygdalina is accounted to the presence of isorhamnetin. Therefore, the biological activities displayed by the extracts and isolated compounds from this plant corroborate the traditional uses of this plant by the local people against various diseases.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of an Anthelmintic Fraction of Pleurotus eryngii against Eggs and Infective Larvae (L3) of Haemonchus contortus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Cruz-Arévalo ◽  
José E. Sánchez ◽  
Manases González-Cortázar ◽  
Alejandro Zamilpa ◽  
Rene H. Andrade-Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

This study was aimed at evaluating the in vitro effect of the edible mushroom (EM) Pleurotus eryngii against the eggs and larvae (L3) of Haemonchus contortus. The evaluation included acetone (AE) and hydroalcoholic (HA) extracts of the following strains: ECS-1138, ECS-1156, ECS-1255, ECS-1258, ECS-1261, ECS-1282, and ECS-1292. The HA extract of the ECS-1255 strain showed the highest effect on mortality rates of L3 (18.83%) at 20 μg/mL. After subjecting this HA extract to a normal phase chromatography column, five fractions were obtained; fraction F5 (100% MeOH) was the most effective against eggs, with hatching inhibition percentages of 88.77 and 91.87% at 20 and 40 mg/mL, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) subjected this fraction to an acetylation reaction to determine the content of the secondary metabolites. The GC-MS analysis showed that the F5 fraction was composed of trehalose CAS: 6138-23-4, polyols (L-iditol CAS: 488-45-9, galactitol CAS: 608-66-2, D-mannitol CAS: 69-65-8, D-glucitol CAS: 50-70-4, and myoinositol CAS: 87-89-8), adipic acid CAS: 124-04-9, stearic acid CAS: 57-11-4, squalene CAS: 111-02-4, and β-sitosterol CAS: 83-46-5.

Evaluation of cinnamic acid and six analogues against eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus

2019 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mancilla-Montelongo ◽  
Gloria Sarahi Castañeda-Ramírez ◽  
Juan Felipe de Jesús Torres-Acosta ◽  
Carlos Alfredo Sandoval-Castro ◽  
Rocío Borges-Argáez
Keyword(s):  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

scholarly journals Anthelminthic Activity of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Leaf Extracts Evaluated <i>in Vitro</i> on Four Developmental Stages of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> from Goats

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (11) ◽  
pp. 1702-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrude Mbogning Tayo ◽  
Josué Wabo Poné ◽  
Marie Claire Komtangi ◽  
Jeannette Yondo ◽  
Alidou Marc Ngangout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anthelminthic Activity

ASSOCIATED PARASITIC DISEASES OF SHEEP AND PIGS IN THE FARMS OF ODESSA REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
N. Bogach ◽  
O. Gumenyi ◽  
V. Chornyi ◽  
V. Avhitova
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Newborn Animals

The article presents data on the invasiveness of pigs and sheep by associated parasitocenoses. Approximately one-third of newborn animals showed signs of acute parasitocenosis. About 80% of diseased lambs died. In the course of the research, intestinal sticks were isolated from strain K99 and K129, which are typical pathogens of colibacteriosis of piglets, eggs and larvae of the Strongiloid type (Haemonchus contortus). A treatment regimen was developed with the use of fenbendazole and multibacterin. In pigs, the high percentage of animals with an acute course is explained by the associated parasitocenosis, in which blastocyst invasion occurs against the background of colibacteriosis.

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