scholarly journals A method for three-dimensional quantification of vascular smooth muscle orientation: application in viable murine carotid arteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Spronck ◽  
Remco T. A. Megens ◽  
Koen D. Reesink ◽  
Tammo Delhaas
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Three Dimensional

Differentiating human pluripotent stem cells into vascular smooth muscle cells in three dimensional thermoreversible hydrogels

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haishuang Lin ◽  
Qian Du ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Ou Wang ◽  
Zhanqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Scalable Production

3D thermoreversible PNIPAAm-PEG hydrogels are used for scalable production of human pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular smooth muscle cells.

scholarly journals An essential role of PDCD4 in vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and proliferation: implications for vascular disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (6) ◽  
pp. C1481-C1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Liu ◽  
Yunhui Cheng ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Thomas J. Krall ◽  
Yuqing Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Vsmc Proliferation ◽  
Vascular Walls

It is well established that vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis and proliferation are critical cellular events in a variety of human vascular diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in controlling VSMC apoptosis and proliferation are still unclear. In the current study, we have found that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is significantly downregulated in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries in vivo and in platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated VSMCs in vitro. Overexpression of PDCD4 via adenovirus (Ad-PDCD4) increases VSMC apoptosis in an apoptotic model induced by serum deprivation. In contrast, VSMC apoptosis is significantly decreased by knockdown of PDCD4 via its small interfering RNA. In the rat carotid arteries in vivo, VSMC apoptosis is increased by Ad-PDCD4. We have further identified that activator protein 1 is a downstream signaling molecule of PDCD4 that is associated with PDCD4-mediated effects on VSMC apoptosis. In addition, VSMC proliferation was inhibited by overexpression of PDCD4. The current study has identified, for the first time, that PDCD4 is an essential regulator of VSMC apoptosis and proliferation. The downregulation of PDCD4 expression in diseased vascular walls may be responsible for the imbalance of VSMC proliferation and apoptosis. The results indicate that PDCD4 may be a new therapeutic target in proliferative vascular diseases.

Effects of gamma radiation on isolated surviving arteries and their vasa vasorum

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durwood J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Vasa Vasorum

The effects of irradiation with Co60 on 136 swine and dog carotid arteries have been studied in vitro, utilizing an angioplethysmokymographic technique. In 20–40% of the specimens a slight vasoconstriction of the arterial wall was observed. This began and was completed within the first 60 sec of irradiation. Mounting the tissue in mineral oil did not prevent this reaction. Marked reductions in vasa vasorum flow were observed in swine carotids (70% decrease) and dog carotids (50% decrease) exposed to 9390 r of gamma radiation during 15 min. Less marked, although significant, decreases in vasa vasorum flow were seen in swine arteries exposed to 3000 r, 2085 r, and 1500 r. No significant decreases were observed in 24 arteries exposed to 843 r. Swine arteries exposed to 9390 r, while mounted in mineral oil, did not show a significant decrease in vasa vasorum flow. It is concluded that the contraction of the arterial wall was a direct effect of radiation upon the vascular smooth muscle and that the observed decrease in vasa flow was probably secondary to ionization of the Tyrode's solution surrounding the artery.

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