Phylogenetic analysis of HERV-K LTR-like elements in primates: presence in some New World monkeys and evidence of recent parallel evolution in these species and in Homo sapiens

1999 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 2035-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-S. Kim ◽  
R. V. Wadekar ◽  
O. Takenaka ◽  
B.-H. Hyun ◽  
T. J. Crow
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
New World Monkeys

Endocranial asymmetry in New World monkeys: a comparative phylogenetic analysis of morphometric data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula N. Gonzalez ◽  
Mariana Vallejo-Azar ◽  
Leandro Aristide ◽  
Ricardo Lopes ◽  
Sergio F. dos Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Comparative Phylogenetic Analysis

scholarly journals Isolation and phylogeny of endogenous retrovirus sequences belonging to the HERV-W family in primates

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 2613-2619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heui-Soo Kim ◽  
Osamu Takenaka ◽  
Timothy J. Crow
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
New World ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Old World Monkeys ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Old World

An investigation was undertaken of primate pol gene sequences from a novel endogenous retrovirus family, ERV-W, related to a new human endogenous retrovirus family (HERV-W) that includes multiple sclerosis-associated retrovirus (MSRV) sequences identified in particles recovered from monocyte cultures from patients with multiple sclerosis. The pol gene sequences of the ERV-W family were detected in hominoids and Old World monkeys, but not in New World monkeys, whereas ERV-W long terminal repeat-like elements were detected in all primates (hominoids, Old World monkeys and New World monkeys). Thirty-two pol gene sequences from hominoids and Old World monkeys showed a high degree of sequence identity to MSRV and other HERV-W sequences. Phylogenetic analysis indicated close relationships of pol gene sequences across primate species. The analysis suggests that the ERV-W family has evolved independently but in constrained patterns (‘parallel evolution’) in different primate species, including man. The ratio of synonymous to non- synonymous substitutions indicated that negative selective pressure is acting on CHW1-1 from chimpanzee, HBW6-6 from baboon and HWX5 from man, sequences that have no disruption by point mutation or insertions/deletions. Therefore, these pol gene sequences could be associated with an active provirus in primates. The findings indicate that the ERV-W family has continued to evolve in the course of the primate radiation and may include members with a capacity to influence gene function and possibly cause disease.

A parapithecid stem anthropoid of African origin in the Paleogene of South America

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 368 (6487) ◽  
pp. 194-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik R. Seiffert ◽  
Marcelo F. Tejedor ◽  
John G. Fleagle ◽  
Nelson M. Novo ◽  
Fanny M. Cornejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
New World ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Anthropoid Primate ◽  
Mammalian Lineage ◽  
Caviomorph Rodents

Phylogenetic evidence suggests that platyrrhine (or New World) monkeys and caviomorph rodents of the Western Hemisphere derive from source groups from the Eocene of Afro-Arabia, a landmass that was ~1500 to 2000 kilometers east of South America during the late Paleogene. Here, we report evidence for a third mammalian lineage of African origin in the Paleogene of South America—a newly discovered genus and species of parapithecid anthropoid primate from Santa Rosa in Amazonian Perú. Bayesian clock–based phylogenetic analysis nests this genus (Ucayalipithecus) deep within the otherwise Afro-Arabian clade Parapithecoidea and indicates that transatlantic rafting of the lineage leading to Ucayalipithecus likely took place between ~35 and ~32 million years ago, a dispersal window that includes the major worldwide drop in sea level that occurred near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary.

scholarly journals Adenoviruses of the most ancient primate lineages support the theory on virus−host co-evolution

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva I. Podgorski ◽  
Laura Pantó ◽  
Katalin Földes ◽  
Iris de Winter ◽  
Máté Jánoska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New World ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
First Report ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Insight Into

The scarcity or complete lack of information on the adenoviruses (AdVs) occurring in the most ancient non-human primates resulted in the initiation of a study for exploring their abundance and diversity in prosimians and New World monkeys (NWMs). In order to assess the variability of these AdVs and the possible signs of the hypothesised virus−host co-evolution, samples from almost every family of NWMs and prosimians were screened for the presence of AdVs. A PCRscreening of 171 faecal or organ samples from live or dead, captive or wild-living prosimians and NWMs was performed. The PCR products from the gene of the IVa2 protein were sequenced and used in phylogeny calculations. The presence of 10 and 15 new AdVs in seven and ten different species of prosimians and NWMs was revealed, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the tentative novel AdVs cluster into two separate groups, which form the most basal branches among the primate AdVs, and therefore support the theory on the co-evolution of primate AdVs with their hosts. This is the first report that provides a comprehensive overview of the AdVs occurring in prosimians and NWMs, and the first insight into the evolutionary relationships among AdVs from all major primate groups.

scholarly journals Parallel evolution of a self-signal: humans and new world monkeys independently lost the cell surface sugar Neu5Gc

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 671-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stevan A. Springer ◽  
Sandra L. Diaz ◽  
Pascal Gagneux
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
New World ◽  
Parallel Evolution ◽  
New World Monkeys

scholarly journals Fetal globin expression in New World monkeys.

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (47) ◽  
pp. 30298
Author(s):  
Robert M. Johnson ◽  
Steven Buck ◽  
Chi-hua Chiu ◽  
Horacio Schneider ◽  
Iracilda Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
New World Monkeys

New World Monkeys

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Carl Hartwig ◽  
Alfred L Rosenberger
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
New World Monkeys
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