Elevated [CO2] and nutrient status modified leaf phenology and growth rhythm of young Populus trichocarpa trees in a 3-year field study

Trees ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarni D. Sigurdsson
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Growth Rhythm

Nitrogen cycle responses to elevated CO2 depend on ecosystem nutrient status

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Rütting ◽  
Louise C. Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Nitrogen Cycle ◽  
Nutrient Status

Modelling the Environmental Niche of Plants: Implications for Plant Community Response to Elevated CO2 Levels.

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
MP Austin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Response Curves

No simple natural gradients in CO2 concentration exist for testing predictions about changes in plant communities in response to elevated CO2. However indirect effects of CO2 via temperature increases can be tested by reference to natural analogues. Physiologists, vegetation modellers of climate change and community ecologists assume very different temperature responses for plants. Physiologists often assume a skewed non-monotonic curve with a tail towards low temperatures, forest modellers using FORET type models, a symmetric curve, and community ecologists a skewed response with a tail towards high temperatures. These assumptions are reviewed in relation to niche theory, and recent propositions concerning the continuum concept. Confusion exists between the different approaches over the shape of response curves to temperature. Distinctions need to be made between responses due to growth (physiological response), potential fitness (fundamental niche) and observed performance (realized niche). These types of response should be quantified and related to each other if process-models are to be tested for predictive success by reference to naturally occurring communities and temperature gradients. An example of a statistical method for quantifying the realized environmental niche response of a species to temperature is provided. It is based on generalised linear modelling (GLM) of presence/absence data on Eucalyptus fastigata for 8377 sites in southern New South Wales, Australia. Seven environmental variables or factors are considered: mean annual temperature, mean annual rainfall, mean monthly solar radiation, topographic position, rainfall seasonality, lithology, and soil nutrient status. The temperature response is modelled with a β-function, logy = a + α log ( t - a ) + δ log ( b - t), where t is temperature and letters are parameters. The probability of occurrence is shown to be a skewed function of mean annual temperature. Any process-models of climate change for vegetation incorporating temperature changes due to elevated CO2 must be capable of generating such realised environmental niche responses for species.

scholarly journals Elevated CO2 and warming change the nutrient status and use efficiency of Panicum maximum Jacq

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0223937
Author(s):  
Juliana Mariano Carvalho ◽  
Rafael Ferreira Barreto ◽  
Renato de Mello Prado ◽  
Eduardo Habermann ◽  
Roberto Botelho Ferraz Branco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Use Efficiency

Elevated CO2 protects poplar (Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoides) from damage induced by O3: identification of mechanisms

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon D. L. Gardner ◽  
Peter H. Freer-Smith ◽  
J. Tucker ◽  
Gail Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Populus Trichocarpa ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Wall Properties ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Ozone Episodes ◽  
Cell Wall Properties

CO2 concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere will rise to between 550 and 700 μL L–1 by 2100 (IPCC 2001). In much of the world, ozone (O3) is the air pollutant most likely to be having adverse effects on the growth of plants. Here we describe the impacts of CO2 and O3 episodes (rising to 100 nL L–1), singly and in mixtures on the growth and physiology of an interamerican hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa L. (Torr. & Gray ex Hook.) × P. deltoids Bartr. ex Marsh). 700 μL L–1 CO2 increased all growth variables relative to values in 350 μL L–1. Mainstem dry weight showed a 38% increase in year 1 and a 32% increase in year 2. Ozone episodes reduced mainstem dry mass by 45% in 350 μL L–1 CO2 and by 34% in 700 μL L–1 CO2. A / Ci analysis showed limited effects on photosynthetic efficiency of 700 μL L–1 CO2 but in contrast, Vcmax was reduced by O3 episodes. CO2 tended to increase leaf expansion but O3 episodes reduced expansion rates generally although a short period of increased leaf expansion in response to O3 was also observed. O3 reduced leaf solute potentials (Ψs) and increased turgor (P) in young leaves. Cell wall properties (elasticity and plasticity) were both stimulated by ozone and this was associated with increased leaf expansion. A new mechanism is proposed which suggests that O3 may act directly on the cell wall, attacking polysaccharides in the wall that result in altered cell wall properties and leaf growth. O3 episodes increased leaf loss, elevated CO2 delayed abscission and O3 was less effective at accelerating leaf loss in elevated CO2. Overall CO2 increased growth, O3 caused decreases and the treatment combination gave intermediate effects. Thus O3 episodes are less likely to be detrimental to P. trichocarpa × P. deltoides in the CO2 concentrations of the future.

Nutrient deficiencies in central Australian semi-desert rangelands, with reference to decline in range condition.

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Friedel ◽  
KM Cellier ◽  
KP Nicolson
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Range Condition ◽  
Desert Rangelands ◽  
Open Woodland ◽  
Good Range ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Three central Australian' plant communities: Mitchell grassland, open woodland and mulga shrubland, were examined for evidence of nutrient deficiencies, particularly in association with poor range condition. Twelve nutrients were applied in various combinations to their soils in glasshouse pots trials. Two native grasses were grown in the Mitchell grassland and open woodland soils, while a native grass and a native chenopod were grown in the niulga shrubland soils. A field study with three nutrients was restricted to open woodland. The grasses grown in Mitchell grassland and open woodland soils responded to added nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur. while the grass grown in mulga shrubland soil responded to added nitrogen and phosphorus only. The chenopod, grown in mulga shrubland soil, responded to calcium as well as to nitrogen and phosphorus. In the field study, nitrogen improved plant growth but not all species responded equally. Arisrida contorra, which acts as an indicator of poor range condition in open woodland. formed a greater proportion of the herbaceous biomass following the addition of nitrogen. No response to phosphorus and sulphur was detected in the field. In both Mitchell grassland and open woodland, decreaser species (those whose biomass contributes proportionately less to the total as range condition decreases) responded better under glasshouse conditions to phosphorus on soils from areas in poor range condition than on soils from areas in good range condition. Of the species which increase with decreasing condition. that from the grassland also responded better to phosphorus on soils from areas in poor range condition, while that from the woodland was insensitive to phosphorus. In the mulpa shrubland, range condition was not associated with nutrient status. Several nutrients may be deficient in central Australian rangeland soils but phosphorus is the only nutrient which is potentially more deficient in degraded rangeland soils than on healthy rangeland soils. The evidence for a relationship between range condition and phosphorus deficiency is, however, inconclusive.

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