Development of multicellular complexes of chloride cells in the yolk-sac membrane of tilapia ( Oreochromis mossambicus ) embryos and larvae in seawater

1997 ◽  
Vol 288 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyono Shiraishi ◽  
Toyoji Kaneko ◽  
Sanae Hasegawa ◽  
Tetsuya Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Chloride Cells

In vivo sequential changes in chloride cell morphology in the yolk-sac membrane of mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) embryos and larvae during seawater adaptation

1999 ◽  
Vol 202 (24) ◽  
pp. 3485-3495 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hiroi ◽  
T. Kaneko ◽  
M. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Chloride Cell ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Seawater Adaptation ◽  
Accessory Cells

Changes in chloride cell morphology were examined in the yolk-sac membrane of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) embryos and larvae transferred from fresh water to sea water. By labelling chloride cells with DASPEI, a fluorescent probe specific for mitochondria, we observed in vivo sequential changes in individual chloride cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In embryos transferred from fresh water to sea water 3 days after fertilization, 75 % of chloride cells survived for 96 h, and cells showed a remarkable increase in size. In contrast, the cell size did not change in embryos and larvae kept in fresh water. The same rate of chloride cell turnover was observed in both fresh water and sea water. Using differential interference contrast (DIC) optics and whole-mount immunocytochemistry with anti-Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, we classified chloride cells into three developmental stages: a single chloride cell without an apical pit, a single chloride cell with an apical pit, and a multicellular complex of chloride and accessory cells with an apical pit. DIC and immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that single chloride cells enlarged and were frequently indented by newly differentiated accessory cells to form multicellular complexes during seawater adaptation. These results indicate that freshwater-type single chloride cells are transformed into seawater-type multicellular complexes during seawater adaptation, suggesting plasticity in the ion-transporting functions of chloride cells in the yolk-sac membrane of tilapia embryos and larvae.

scholarly journals In Vitro Effects of Environmental Salinity and Cortisol on Chloride Cell Differentiation in Embryos of Mozambique Tilapia, OREOCHROMIS MOSSAMBICUS, Measured Using a Newly Developed ‘Yolk-Ball’ Incubation System

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (11) ◽  
pp. 1883-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyono Shiraishi ◽  
Junya Hiroi ◽  
Toyoji Kaneko ◽  
Manabu Matsuda ◽  
Tetsuya Hirano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Chloride Cell ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Incubation System

SUMMARY To examine the functional differentiation of chloride cells in the yolk-sac membrane of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) embryos, we developed a ‘yolk-ball’ incubation system in which the yolk sac was separated from the embryonic body and subjected to incubation in vitro. The yolk-ball preparation consists of the yolk and the covering yolk-sac membrane, which contains a rich population of chloride cells. After appropriate cutting, the incision on the yolk ball healed during incubation in balanced salt solution for 3h, so that the yolk-sac membrane completely enclosed the yolk. Yolk balls prepared from freshwater-acclimated embryos were transferred either to fresh water or to sea water and incubated for 48 and 96h to elucidate the morphological changes in the chloride cells in response to environmental salinity. The chloride cells in the yolk-sac membrane were larger in sea water than in fresh water. In yolk balls transferred to sea water, chloride cells often formed multicellular complexes characteristic of seawater-type chloride cells. In those transferred to fresh water, however, the cells were small and rarely formed such complexes. These responses of chloride cells were identical to those observed in intact embryos. Thus, chloride cells in the yolk-sac membrane could differentiate into the seawater type independent of the embryonic body. To examine the possible effects of exogenous cortisol on chloride cell differentiation, the yolk balls were incubated for 48h in fresh water or sea water containing different doses of cortisol (0.1–10μgml−1). Although chloride cells were consistently larger in sea water than in fresh water in all experimental groups, cortisol administration had no effect on chloride cell surface area in either medium. These findings indicate that the chloride cells in the yolk-sac membrane are equipped with an autonomous mechanism of functional differentiation that is independent of the embryonic endocrine and nervous systems. The yolk-ball incubation system established here is an excellent experimental model for further studies on chloride cell differentiation and function.

Presence of Na‐K‐ATPase in Mitochondria‐Rich Cells in the Yolk‐Sac Epithelium of Larvae of the Teleost Oreochromis mossambicus

1999 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pung‐Pung Hwang ◽  
Tsung‐Han Lee ◽  
Ching‐Feng Weng ◽  
Mei‐Jane Fang ◽  
Guan‐Yu Cho
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Yolk Sac

scholarly journals Immunolocalization of Vacuolar-Type H+-ATPase in the Yolk-Sac Membrane of Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) Larvae.

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Hiroi ◽  
Toyoji Kaneko ◽  
Katsuhisa Uchida ◽  
Sanae Hasegawa ◽  
Masaru Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Yolk Sac

scholarly journals Influence of natural silt on the survival of Oreochromis mossambicus yolk sac larvae

Koedoe ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Smit ◽  
H.H. Du Preez ◽  
G.J. Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Larval Fish ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Complete Loss ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Sublethal Stress ◽  
Olifants River

This study investigates the tolerance of Oreochromis mossambicus yolk sac larvae to natural silt from the Phalaborwa Barrage. Larvae survived silt concentrations lower than 13.2 g silt/I, but were highly active, indicating sublethal stress effects. When silt concentrations exceeded 29 g silt/I, stress reactions such as floating at the surface, gulping air, reduced fin and opercular movements and partial and complete loss of equilibrium were observed. Fish that succumbed exhibited darker pigmentation, and silt and mucus covered bodies. LC,() values were derived as 53.4 g silt/I, 31.7 g silt/I and 19.1 g silt/I for 1 hour, 24 hour and 48 hour exposure periods, respectively. Since these concentrations are much lower than the silt released from the Phalaborwa Barrage during flushing, it can be concluded that the release of high silt concentrations can severely impact the larval fish populations in the Olifants River below the Barrage.

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