Palm distributions and local approximation of regenerative processes

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Kallenberg
Keyword(s):  
Local Approximation ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Palm Distributions

Neurotransplantation Therapy and Cerebellar Reserve

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Cendelin ◽  
Hiroshi Mitoma ◽  
Mario Manto
Keyword(s):  
Neural Plasticity ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
The Self ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
Cerebellar Ataxias ◽  
Synaptic Formation ◽  
Target Recovery ◽  
Cerebellar Anatomy ◽  
Functional Circuitry

Background & Objective: Neurotransplantation has been recently the focus of interest as a promising therapy to substitute lost cerebellar neurons and improve cerebellar ataxias. However, since cell differentiation and synaptic formation are required to obtain a functional circuitry, highly integrated reproduction of cerebellar anatomy is not a simple process. Rather than a genuine replacement, recent studies have shown that grafted cells rescue surviving cells from neurodegeneration by exerting trophic effects, supporting mitochondrial function, modulating neuroinflammation, stimulating endogenous regenerative processes, and facilitating cerebellar compensatory properties thanks to neural plasticity. On the other hand, accumulating clinical evidence suggests that the self-recovery capacity is still preserved even if the cerebellum is affected by a diffuse and progressive pathology. We put forward the period with intact recovery capacity as “restorable stage” and the notion of reversal capacity as “cerebellar reserve”. Conclusion: The concept of cerebellar reserve is particularly relevant, both theoretically and practically, to target recovery of cerebellar deficits by neurotransplantation. Reinforcing the cerebellar reserve and prolonging the restorable stage can be envisioned as future endpoints of neurotransplantation.

scholarly journals Antibiotics Modulate Intestinal Regeneration

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Lymarie M. Díaz-Díaz ◽  
Natalia Rosario-Meléndez ◽  
Andrea Rodríguez-Villafañe ◽  
Yariel Y. Figueroa-Vega ◽  
Omar A. Pérez-Villafañe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Regenerative Processes ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Intestinal Regeneration ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Altered Cell ◽  
Holothuria Glaberrima ◽  
Mtt Assays

The increased antibiotics usage in biomedical and agricultural settings has been well documented. Antibiotics have now been shown to exert effects outside their purposive use, including effects on physiological and developmental processes. We explored the effect of various antibiotics on intestinal regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. For this, holothurians were eviscerated and left to regenerate for 10 days in seawater with different penicillin/streptomycin-based cocktails (100 µg/mL PS) including: 100 µg/mL kanamycin (KPS), 5 µg/mL vancomycin (VPS), and 4 µg/mL (E4PS) or 20 µg/mL (E20PS) erythromycin. Immunohistological and histochemical analyses were performed to analyze regenerative processes, including rudiment size, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cell proliferation, and muscle dedifferentiation. A reduction in muscle dedifferentiation was observed in all antibiotic-treated animals. ECM remodeling was decreased by VPS, E4PS, and E20PS treatments. In addition, organisms subjected to E20PS displayed a significant reduction in the size of their regenerating rudiments while VPS exposure altered cell proliferation. MTT assays were used to discard the possibility that the antibiotics directly affect holothurian metabolic activity while bacterial cultures were used to test antibiotic effects on holothurian enteric microbiota. Our results demonstrate a negative effect on intestinal regeneration and strongly suggest that these effects are due to alterations in the microbial community.

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