Enzymatic detoxification of eutypine, a toxin from Eutypa lata , by Vitis vinifera cells: partial purification of an NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase

Planta ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 207 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Colrat ◽  
C. Deswarte ◽  
A. Latché ◽  
A. Klaébé ◽  
M. Bouzayen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Aldehyde Reductase ◽  
Eutypa Lata ◽  
Enzymatic Detoxification

scholarly journals Composition and content of fatty acids in Vitis vinifera L. var. Cabernet Sauvignon leaves infected with the eutypiosis fungus, Eutypa lata

OENO One ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayeb Koussa ◽  
Monique Cherrad ◽  
Driss Zaoui ◽  
Michel Broquedis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Aliphatic Chain ◽  
Eutypa Lata ◽  
Three Stages

<p style="text-align: justify;">On Cabernet sauvignon, eutypiosis sensible variety, we have compared fatty acids content in healthy Jeaves (S: leaves beared by healthy vine stock), in leaves seeming healthy (Ap.S: leaves beared by arm without symptoms, the other arm is diseased) and in diseased leaves (M: leaves beared by diseased arm). The results show that disease does not alter the fatty acids order. Linolenic acid (CI 8:3) content is always the most important, followed by palmitic (CI6:0) and Iinoleic acids, then by stearic (CI8:0) and oleic acids and at last by arachidic acid (C20:0). During the three stages studied (flowers buds: H, flowering: I and closed cluster: L), only the development of CI 8:3 content was modified by disease. It increases in healthy leaves at stage I, while in Ap.S and M leaves there is a decrease from H to L stages. Otherwise, development of fatty acids proportions does not seem to be changed by eutypiosis.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Proportions and content comparison in S, Ap.S and M leaves show a decrease of C 18:3 synthesis benefit of C 18:2.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This increases is important as well as the symptoms are evident. These results seem to be in relationship with decrease of leaves size caused by eutypiosis. At the end, the disease induces a desaturation decrease of C18:0 and C18:2 as well as an aliphatic chain lengthening of C16:0. These inhibitions are showed by more increase of CI 6:0 and CI 8:2 in diseased leaves than in healthy leaves. No action is observed in CI 8: 1 desaturation.</p>

Évolution des teneurs en polyamines libres et conjuguées dans les feuilles de vigne (Vitis vinifera 'Cabernet Sauvignon') saine et atteinte d'eutypiose

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalla Aïcha Rifai ◽  
Tayeb Koussa ◽  
Laurence Geny ◽  
Aziz Fassouane ◽  
Michel Broquedis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Eutypa Lata ◽  
Conjugated Polyamines ◽  
Grapevine Leaves ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Chlorhydric Acid ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Effects of Eutypa lata, the fungal agent of eutypiosis, on polyamine (putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm), diaminopropane (Dap)) and tyramine (Tyr) contents in grapevine leaves were studied to determine the relationship between these components and disease development. The external symptoms of eutypiosis are small and necrotic leaves, which could be observed on only one arm or on two arms of the vine stock. This study was carried out on healthy leaves (S, borne by healthy vine stock), apparently healthy leaves (Aps, borne by one arm without symptoms, whereas the other arm was diseased), and moderately (M. mal.) and strongly (F. mal.) diseased leaves. We analysed free polyamines (free PAs, chlorhydric acid soluble fraction), conjugated polyamines (PAs-fpm, PAs covalently linked to molecules with low molecular mass like hydroxycinnamic acids), and bound polyamines (PAs-mm, covalently linked to macromolecules) in Vitis vinifera L. 'Cabernet sauvignon', a variety sensitive to eutypiosis. In diseased leaves, we noted a decrease of free PAs, PAs-fpm, free Tyr, and Tyr-fpm levels. By contrast, the Dap-fpm level was increased by the disease. Eutypiosis also induced an increase of Spm-mm and Dap-mm levels, whereas the Put-mm and Spd-mm levels were decreased. Free Put, free Spd, PAs-fpm, free Tyr, and Tyr-fpm levels were higher in apparently healthy leaves than in healthy leaves. The PAs-mm levels were slightly affected by eutypiosis in apparently healthy leaves. The specific role of each type of polyamines and tyramine is discussed with regard to the host-parasite relationship.Key words: polyamines, leaf, Eutypa lata, Vitis vinifera.

scholarly journals A transcriptomic study of grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon) interaction with the vascular ascomycete fungus Eutypa lata

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1719-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Camps ◽  
Christian Kappel ◽  
Pascal Lecomte ◽  
Céline Léon ◽  
Eric Gomès ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Eutypa Lata

Structural modifications induced by Eutypa lata in the xylem of trunk and canes of Vitis vinifera

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérome Rudelle ◽  
Stéphane Octave ◽  
Meriem Kaid-Harche ◽  
Gabriel Roblin ◽  
Pierrette Fleurat-Lessard
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Xylem Structure ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Eutypa Lata ◽  
Eutypa Dieback ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Transfer Apparatus

Eutypa dieback, a devastating disease in grapevines, is caused by the fungal pathogen Eutypa lata, a wood-inhabiting fungus. E. lata acts by degrading wood tissues in the colonisation areas, and produces foliar symptoms. These striking symptoms have been attributed to the production of toxic metabolites by the pathogen, the most widely studied being eutypine. The aims of the study were to compare the effects of E. lata on xylem structure at the site of infection and in remote tissues. In healthy Vitis vinifera, the vessel-associated cells (VACs) in the trunk have a protective layer that covers the entire lignified wall and forms a transfer apparatus in pits located at the VAC / vessel interface. This apparatus occurs similarly in VACs in the basal part of canes but is less developed in the apical part. In the presence of E. lata, which is found only in the trunk and the cordons, the VACs initiated a program of secretory activity that led to the enlargement of the transfer apparatus, which is formed by tightly associated fibrils. This secretory activity was followed by VAC death. Furthermore, the hypertrophy of the transfer apparatus spread according to an acropetal gradient in the canes. Treatment with eutypine also induced the development of the transfer apparatus in VACs of basal and apical parts of canes excised from healthy vines. However, this apparatus was formed by loosely packed fibrils in VACs that were not completely damaged. Therefore, metabolites other than eutypine are expected to be involved in the VAC degeneration observed in infected vines.

Effects of eutypiosis on free and conjugated polyamines content in internodes of grapevine (Vitis vinifera l. cv. Cabernet sauvignon) during their active phase of growth

OENO One ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Lalla Aicha Rifai ◽  
Tayeb Koussa ◽  
Aziz Fassouane ◽  
Michel Broquedis ◽  
Bernadette Dubos
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Eutypa Lata ◽  
Conjugated Polyamines ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Free And Conjugated Polyamines ◽  
Apparently Healthy

<p>Development of polyamines levels [Putrescine (Put), Spermidine (Spd), and Spermine (Spm)] was investigated in internodes of grapevine infected by eutypiosis fungus, <em>Eutypa lata</em>. The study was performed using (1) internodes from healthy vines, (2) apparently healthy internodes from vines with one arm symptomless and one diseased arm and (3) diseased internodes. Free polyamines (PAs: hydrochloric acid soluble fraction), conjugated polyamines (PAs-fpm: PAs covalently linked to molecules with low molecular weight like hydroxycinnamic acids) and bound polyamines (PAs-mm: covalently linked to macromolecules) were analysed in <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. cv. Cabernet sauvignon, which is sensitive to eutypiosis.</p><p>The internodes stunting induced by eutypiosis was accompanied by a decrease of free Put and free Spm contents between flower buds separated and fruit set stages. The same results were observed for PAs-mm but more slightly than free PAs. The Put-fpm and Spd-fpm levels increased in the apparently healthy internodes and decreased in diseased organs by <em>Eutypa lata</em> effect. The relationship between free PAs contents in the diseased internodes and their growth reduction, as well as the involvement of PAs-fpm on the grapevine response to <em>Eutypa lata</em> infection are discussed.</p>

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