In-vivo tissue characterization of multiple sclerosis and other white matter diseases using magnetic resonance based techniques

2001 ◽  
Vol 248 (12) ◽  
pp. 1019-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Filippi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
White Matter Diseases

In vivo gradients of thalamic damage in paediatric multiple sclerosis: a window into pathology

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermelinda De Meo ◽  
Loredana Storelli ◽  
Lucia Moiola ◽  
Angelo Ghezzi ◽  
Pierangelo Veggiotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Paediatric Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Abstract The thalamus represents one of the first structures affected by neurodegenerative processes in multiple sclerosis. A greater thalamic volume reduction over time, on its CSF side, has been described in paediatric multiple sclerosis patients. However, its determinants and the underlying pathological changes, likely occurring before this phenomenon becomes measurable, have never been explored. Using a multiparametric magnetic resonance approach, we quantified, in vivo, the different processes that can involve the thalamus in terms of focal lesions, microstructural damage and atrophy in paediatric multiple sclerosis patients and their distribution according to the distance from CSF/thalamus interface and thalamus/white matter interface. In 70 paediatric multiple sclerosis patients and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, we tested for differences in thalamic volume and quantitative MRI metrics—including fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity and T1/T2-weighted ratio—in the whole thalamus and in thalamic white matter, globally and within concentric bands originating from CSF/thalamus interface. In paediatric multiple sclerosis patients, the relationship of thalamic abnormalities with cortical thickness and white matter lesions was also investigated. Compared to healthy controls, patients had significantly increased fractional anisotropy in whole thalamus (f2 = 0.145; P = 0.03), reduced fractional anisotropy (f2 = 0.219; P = 0.006) and increased mean diffusivity (f2 = 0.178; P = 0.009) in thalamic white matter and a trend towards a reduced thalamic volume (f2 = 0.027; P = 0.058). By segmenting the whole thalamus and thalamic white matter into concentric bands, in paediatric multiple sclerosis we detected significant fractional anisotropy abnormalities in bands nearest to CSF (f2 = 0.208; P = 0.002) and in those closest to white matter (f2 range = 0.183–0.369; P range = 0.010–0.046), while we found significant mean diffusivity (f2 range = 0.101–0.369; P range = 0.018–0.042) and T1/T2-weighted ratio (f2 = 0.773; P = 0.001) abnormalities in thalamic bands closest to CSF. The increase in fractional anisotropy and decrease in mean diffusivity detected at the CSF/thalamus interface correlated with cortical thickness reduction (r range = −0.27–0.34; P range = 0.004–0.028), whereas the increase in fractional anisotropy detected at the thalamus/white matter interface correlated with white matter lesion volumes (r range = 0.24–0.27; P range = 0.006–0.050). Globally, our results support the hypothesis of heterogeneous pathological processes, including retrograde degeneration from white matter lesions and CSF-mediated damage, leading to thalamic microstructural abnormalities, likely preceding macroscopic tissue loss. Assessing thalamic microstructural changes using a multiparametric magnetic resonance approach may represent a target to monitor the efficacy of neuroprotective strategies early in the disease course.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance techniques for the in vivo assessment of multiple sclerosis pathology: Consensus report of the white matter study group

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Filippi ◽  
Andrea Falini ◽  
Douglas L. Arnold ◽  
Franz Fazekas ◽  
Oded Gonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Consensus Report ◽  
In Vivo Assessment

In vivo Measurement of Water Self Diffusion in the Human Brain by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Thomsen ◽  
O. Henriksen ◽  
P. Ring
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Pulse Sequence ◽  
Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Self Diffusion ◽  
Brain Water

A new pulse sequence for in vivo diffusion measurements by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is introduced. The pulse sequence was tested on phantoms to evaluate the accuracy, reproducibility and inplane variations. The sensitivity of the sequence was tested by measuring the self diffusion coefficient of water with different temperatures. This phantom study showed that the water self diffusion could be measured accurately and that the inplane deviation was less than ±10 per cent. Seven healthy volunteers were studied with a 10 mm thick slice through the lateral ventricles, clear differences between grey and white matter as well as regional differences within the white matter were seen. In two patients with infarction, alternations in water self diffusion were seen in the region of the infarct. Likewise, pronounced changes in brain water self diffusion were observed in a patient with benign intracranial hypertension. The results indicate that brain water self diffusion can be measured in vivo with reasonable accuracy. The clinical examples suggest that diffusion measurements may be clinically useful adding further information about in vivo MR tissue characterization.

scholarly journals In vivo characterization of cortical and white matter neuroaxonal pathology in early multiple sclerosis

Brain ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
pp. 2912-2926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Granberg ◽  
Qiuyun Fan ◽  
Constantina Andrada Treaba ◽  
Russell Ouellette ◽  
Elena Herranz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
In Vivo Characterization

scholarly journals Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cortical Multiple Sclerosis Pathology

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine L. Tardif ◽  
Barry J. Bedell ◽  
Simon F. Eskildsen ◽  
D. Louis Collins ◽  
G. Bruce Pike
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Mr ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

Although significant improvements have been made regarding the visualization and characterization of cortical multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cortical lesions (CL) continue to be under-detectedin vivo, and we have a limited understanding of the causes of GM pathology. The objective of this study was to characterize the MRI signature of CLs to help interpret the changes seenin vivoand elucidate the factors limiting their visualization. A quantitative 3D high-resolution (350 μm isotropic) MRI study at 3 Tesla of a fixedpost mortemcerebral hemisphere from a patient with MS is presented in combination with matched immunohistochemistry. Type III subpial lesions are characterized by an increase in T1, T2 and M0, and a decrease in MTR in comparison to the normal appearing cortex (NAC). All quantitative MR parameters were associated with cortical GM myelin content, while T1 showed the strongest correlation. The histogram analysis showed extensive overlap between CL and NAC for all MR parameters and myelin content. This is due to the poor contrast in myelin content between CL and NAC in comparison to the variability in myelo-architecture throughout the healthy cortex. This latter comparison is highlighted by the representation of T1 times on cortical surfaces at several laminar depths.

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