Localized lipoatrophy after prolonged treatment with copolymer 1

2000 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Mancardi ◽  
A. Murialdo ◽  
F. Drago ◽  
C. Brusati ◽  
R. Croce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Copolymer 1

Markers of Hypercoagulability in Patients with Hemophilia B Given Repeated, Large Doses of Factor IX Concentrates during and after Surgery

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 737-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Santagostino ◽  
P M Mannucci ◽  
A Gringeri ◽  
G Tagariello ◽  
F Baudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
Hemophilia B ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Orthopedic Procedures ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrates ◽  
Increased Risk

SummaryPurer factor IX (FIX) concentrates have been produced for the treatment of hemophilia B in the attempt to reduce the risk of thrombotic complications associated with the use of prothrombin complex concentrates. To evaluate ex vivo whether or not FIX concentrates activate the coagulation system in conditions associated with a high risk for thrombosis, we measured markers of hypercoagulability in 10 patients with hemophilia B who underwent surgery, mainly orthopedic procedures, covered by multiple concentrate infusions (40-80 U/kg/day). Postinfusion plasma levels of prothrombin fragment 1+2 and factor X activation peptide did not differ significantly from the presurgical levels, neither before nor after each concentrate dose. Therefore, it appears that prolonged treatment of patients with hemophilia B undergoing high risk surgical procedures with high doses of FIX concentrate does not cause systemic activation of coagulation. This suggests that purified FIX concentrates are preferable to prothrombin complex concentrates for conditions associated with an increased risk of thrombosis.

Transient Global Amnesia in a Young Woman on Prolonged Treatment with Oral Contraceptive Drugs

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (06) ◽  
pp. 980-980
Author(s):  
G Orefice ◽  
L Soriente ◽  
A M Cerbone ◽  
M Coppola ◽  
R Lanzillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Global Amnesia

TUMOURS OF THE HYPOPHYSIS AND THE THYROID IN MICE

1955 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mühlbock
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Thiouracil Derivatives

SUMMARY Hypophyseal tumours in mice develop after prolonged treatment with oestrogens, after injection of radioactive iodine in doses which destroy the thyroid tissue and after prolonged treatment with thiouracil-derivatives. The tumours of the hypophysis only occur in certain strains of mice and hence the genetic constitution is of importance. The origin of this difference between strains has hitherto remained completely obscure. The hypophyseal tumours in mice seen following administration of oestrogens and those observed after destruction of the thyroid gland are morphologically similar. They consist of cells staining blue to varying degrees, and they may thus be termed amphophile tumours. The possible mechanism of development of the hypophyseal tumours has been discussed.

EFFECT OF HIGH DOSES OF OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE ON THE NORADRENALINE CONTENT OF THE SHORT ADRENERGIC NEURONS INNERVATING THE MALE GENITAL TRACT OF THE RAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Owman ◽  
N.-O. Sjöberg ◽  
N. O. Sjöstrand ◽  
G. Swedin
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Noradrenaline Content ◽  
Adrenergic Neurons ◽  
Short Adrenergic Neurons ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Male Genital

ABSTRACT The effect of prolonged treatment with high doses of oestrogen and/or progesterone on the amount of adrenergic transmitter in the short adrenergic neurons of the male reproductive tract of castrated rats has been studied by chemical determinations and histochemical demonstration of noradrenaline. Oestrogen, progesterone, or a combination of both, had no overt effect on the total content or on the concentration of noradrenaline in the male genital organs. The results are discussed in the light of recent findings that the content of the noradrenaline transmitter in the short adrenergic neurons to the female genital tract is markedly influenced by these female sex hormones.

Betulinic Acid Enhances the Sensitivity of Multiple Myeloma Cells to Bortezomib by the Inactivation of the AKT/mTOR Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
Yu Dan ◽  
Wan Sheng ◽  
Hu Lili
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Betulinic Acid ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Mtor Pathway ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Myeloma Cells ◽  
Multiple Myeloma Cell ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Colony Number ◽  
Rpmi 8226

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of betulinic acid on multiple myeloma cell resistance to bortezomib. To this end, the bortezomib-resistant RPMI-8226-R cells were generated by prolonged treatment of RPMI-8226 cells with increasing concentrations of bortezomib. Based on the measurements of cell viability and colony number, RPMI-8226-R cells exhibited enhanced resistance to bortezomib than RPMI-8226 cells. Treatment with betulinic acid resulted in increased sensitivity of RPMI-8226-R to bortezomib. When RPMI-8226-R cells were co-treated with bortezomib and betulinic acid, there was an increase in apoptosis rate, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 expression and the decrease in p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR levels. These results suggest that betulinic acid enhances the sensitivity of RPMI-8226-R cells to bortezomib by inhibiting the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway in bortezomib-resistant multiple myeloma cells.

The Importance of Fluconazole in Treatment of Endogenous Endophtalmitis in Patients Prior Treated Using Negative Pressure Therapy for Wound Closure Contaminated with Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1598-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisia Iuliana Alexa ◽  
Roxana Ciuntu ◽  
Alina Cantemir ◽  
Nicoleta Anton ◽  
Ciprian Danielescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Endogenous Endophthalmitis ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Delay In Treatment ◽  
Vitreous Biopsy

Severe infections with C. albicans should be treated promptly with antifungal agents, any delay in treatment increases the risk of endophthalmitis. The systemic Amphotericin B therapy is the gold standard in the treatment of endophthalmitis, but in the case of fungal infections it has not yet been determined. Numerous studies have shown that the use of Fluconazole is effective in the treatment of fungal endophthalmitis. In this paper, we report two cases (3 eyes) that have been presented for the same accusations of significant decrease of AV (visual acuity), ocular pain and blepharospasm suddenly installed, both of which required urgent antibiotic and intravenous antifungal treatment. Both are diagnosed with endogenous endophthalmitis and vitreous biopsy + VPP (pars plana vitrectomy) are performed, with a negative result of the vitreous culture. In both situations the treatment was with antibiotic and systemic antifungals. Postoperatively, evolution was favorable in the first case and less favorable in the second one. The prognosis depends on the virulence of the microorganisms and the time elapsed until initiation of the treatment. Also, the presence of risk factors such as diabetes, sepsis, recent abdominal surgery (C. Albicans is part of the comesary flora of the digestive tract) have influenced the prognosis decisively. Severe infections with C. albicans should be promptly treated with antifungal agents, any delay in treatment increases the risk of endophthalmitis. Even when prolonged treatment of candidemia is instituted, 3% of patients can develop endogenous endophthalmitis, so ocular evaluation is particularly important for patients immobilized in anesthesia and intensive care units.

Quality-by-Design Enabled Chitosan Nanoparticles for Antitubercular Therapy: Formulation, Statistical Optimization, and In vitro Characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi M. Chogale ◽  
Sujay S. Gaikwad ◽  
Savita P. Kulkarni ◽  
Vandana B. Patravale
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Antitubercular Therapy ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Average Size

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be among the leading causes for high mortality among developing countries. Though a seemingly effective treatment regimen against TB is in place, there has been no significant improvement in the therapeutic rates. This is primarily owing to the high drug doses, their associated sideeffects, and prolonged treatment regimen. Discontinuation of therapy due to the severe side effects of the drugs results in the progression of the infection to the more severe drug-resistant TB. Objectives: Reformulation of the current existing anti TB drugs into more efficient dosage forms could be an ideal way out. Nanoformulations have been known to mitigate the side effects of toxic, high-dose drugs. Hence, the current research work involves the formulation of Isoniazid (INH; a first-line anti TB molecule) loaded chitosan nanoparticles for pulmonary administration. Methods: INH loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method using an anionic crosslinker. Drugexcipient compatibility was evaluated using DSC and FT-IR. The formulation was optimized on the principles of Qualityby-Design using a full factorial design. Results: The obtained nanoparticles were spherical in shape having an average size of 620±10.97 nm and zeta potential +16.87±0.79 mV. Solid state characterization revealed partial encapsulation and amorphization of INH into the nanoparticulate system. In vitro release study confirmed an extended release of INH from the system. In vitro cell line based safety and efficacy studies revealed satisfactory results. Conclusion: The developed nanosystem is thus an efficient approach for antitubercular therapy.

The Safety and Antimicrobial Properties of Stabilized Hypochlorous Acid in Acetic Acid Buffer for the Treatment of Acute Wounds—a Human Pilot Study and In Vitro Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110156
Author(s):  
Ewa A. Burian ◽  
Lubna Sabah ◽  
Klaus Kirketerp-Møller ◽  
Elin Ibstedt ◽  
Magnus M. Fazli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Wound Irrigation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Acute wounds may require cleansing to reduce the risk of infection. Stabilized hypochlorous acid in acetic buffer (HOCl + buffer) is a novel wound irrigation solution with antimicrobial properties. We performed a first-in-man, prospective, open-label pilot study to document preliminary safety and performance in the treatment of acute wounds. The study enrolled 12 subjects scheduled for a split-skin graft transplantation, where the donor site was used as a model of an acute wound. The treatment time was 75 s, given on 6 occasions. A total of 7 adverse events were regarded as related to the treatment; all registered as pain during the procedure for 2 subjects. One subject had a wound infection at the donor site. The mean colony-forming unit (CFU) decreased by 41% after the treatment, and the mean epithelialization was 96% on both days 14 (standard deviation [SD] 8%) and 21 (SD 10%). The study provides preliminary support for the safety, well-tolerance, and efficacy of HOCl + buffer for acute wounds. The pain was frequent although resolved quickly. Excellent wound healing and satisfying antimicrobial properties were observed. A subsequent in vitro biofilm study also indicated good antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 96% mean reduction of CFU, when used for a treatment duration of 15 min ( P < .0001), and a 50% decrease for Staphylococcus aureus ( P = .1010). Future larger studies are needed to evaluate the safety and performance of HOCl + buffer in acute wounds, including the promising antimicrobial effect by prolonged treatment on bacterial biofilms.

scholarly journals In vitro dissolution testing models of ocular implants for posterior segment drug delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faris Adrianto ◽  
Febri Annuryanti ◽  
Clive G. Wilson ◽  
Ravi Sheshala ◽  
Raghu Raj Singh Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Dissolution Testing ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Ocular Implants

AbstractThe delivery of drugs to the posterior segment of the eye remains a tremendously difficult task. Prolonged treatment in conventional intravitreal therapy requires injections that are administered frequently due to the rapid clearance of the drug molecules. As an alternative, intraocular implants can offer drug release for long-term therapy. However, one of the several challenges in developing intraocular implants is selecting an appropriate in vitro dissolution testing model. In order to determine the efficacy of ocular implants in drug release, multiple in vitro test models were emerging. While these in vitro models may be used to analyse drug release profiles, the findings may not predict in vivo retinal drug exposure as this is influenced by metabolic and physiological factors. This review considers various types of in vitro test methods used to test drug release of ocular implants. Importantly, it discusses the challenges and factors that must be considered in the development and testing of the implants in an in vitro setup. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Prolonged treatment of disseminated echinococcosis – A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
S. Skocibusic ◽  
Z. Sulaver ◽  
J. Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Prolonged Treatment
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