Reef management in developing countries: a case study in the Philippines

Coral Reefs ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (0) ◽  
pp. S3-S8 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Reef Management

scholarly journals Application of Unit Commitment with Market Pool in a Peaking Power Generation Firm in the Philippines for a Cost Reduction Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Luke Rey Santillan ◽  
Kenn Brylle Senen ◽  
Robert Wamilda ◽  
Lanndon Ocampo ◽  
Rafael Seva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Small Power ◽  
Generation Costs

This paper attempts to provide an optimum loading schedule of power generating units with the least cost by solving a unit commitment (UC) problem and to present good estimates of cost differences when UC problem is not applied. UC is a fundamental optimization problem of power generation systems which determines the optimum schedule of generating units which minimizes generation costs. However, for small power generation firms which are situated in developing countries, UC-based problems are poorly understood if not implemented and the scheduling of generating units is based on some methodologies which may provide results that are not optimal. Thus, a case study in a small power generation firm in central Philippines is carried out to elucidate these objectives. The case requires a solution of the mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem. Results show that the proposed UC-based problem yields optimal costs and the cost disparity from the current scheduling scheme is approximately at 27% which may be considered as potential cost savings. This shows that UC-based problem provides a reliable platform in achieving minimal generation costs. These results are significant to decision-makers particularly in small power generation firms and to engineering practitioners in the Philippines and in some developing countries as these provide an overview of the disparity of cost figures of not implementing UC.

scholarly journals Tax Incentives in Developing Countries: A Case Study—Singapore and Philippines

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-147
Author(s):  
Irma Mosquera Valderrama ◽  
Mirka Balharová
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals

AbstractThe aim of this chapter is twofold. The first aim is to analyse the main features of the tax incentives in developing countries with a case study of two countries, Singapore and the Philippines. Singapore has been regarded in literature as one of the countries that has successfully attracted foreign direct investment; however, it is not yet clear whether this is the result of tax incentives or any other measure. The Philippines is at the time of writing in the process of introducing a comprehensive tax reform program (CTRP) that aims to redesign the tax incentives to become more competitive in the region and to achieve social and economic growth. These countries also belong to the same region (i.e. South East Asia), and therefore, the comparison of the incentives in these countries can also contribute to best practices in the region. Following this comparison, the second aim of this chapter is to evaluate the tax incentives granted in Singapore and the Philippines taking into account a new proposed evaluative framework for tax incentives in light of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The Global Economy and the Erosion of Civil Rights: The Case of the Philippines

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-88
Author(s):  
Christopher Skene
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Stage Game ◽  
The Government ◽  
Domestic Interests

Today, democracy is widely accepted, almost religiously so, as the best possible form of governance. Yet, despite these widely held beliefs, it is becoming apparent that in an increasing number of instances democratic governments in developing countries have overridden some of the very rights that they are obliged to protect in manners not unlike their authoritarian predecessors. There is now growing awareness of the fact that democratically elected governments in developing countries are often guilty of violating the rights of their people. What is not as well understood is how external pressures can lead to some of these abuses. Using the Philippines as a case study, this paper illustrates how external pressures indeed can lead to situations in which a government condones the violations of certain rights. This occurs when the government is in the middle of a two stage game in which external interests and domestic interests are at odds with each other and the government is in a position in which it must favour the external interests over the domestic.

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