Complementary mating types of Mucor circinelloides show electrophoretic karyotype heterogeneity

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Díaz-Mínguez ◽  
M. Angeles López-Matas ◽  
Arturo P. Eslava
Keyword(s):  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Electrophoretic Karyotype ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Karyotype Heterogeneity

Electrophoretic karyotype of Mucor circinelloides

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
�. Nagy ◽  
Cs. V�gv�lgyi ◽  
�. Balla ◽  
L. Ferenczy
Keyword(s):  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Electrophoretic Karyotype

The In Vitro Production of Sphaerule-Like Bodies in Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)-Derived and Toad (Bufo marinus)-Derived Cultures of Mucor amphibiorum, and a Platypus-Derived Culture of Mucor circinelloides.

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
N.J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
The North ◽  
Ornithorhynchus Anatinus

Isolates of Mucor amphibiorum and Mucor circinelloides from ulcerated platypuses (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) in the north of Tasmania were compared with isolates of M. amphibiorum taken from cane toads (Bufo marinus) in Queensland. Sphaerule-like bodies previously associated with in vivo growth of M. amphibiorum were produced in vitro. Two types of sphaerule-like bodies were observed. Type 1 bodies were found only in +ve mating types. Type 2 were found in both +ve and -ve mating types. Both type 1 and type 2 sphaerule-like bodies were apparent in sections of tissue taken from ulcerated O. anatinus. Type 2 bodies were induced in M. circinelloides, a species not previously associated with the formation of sphaerule-like bodies, either in vivo or in vitro.

Microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of Argentine Islands Region: Data from the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
T. O. Kondratiuk ◽  
T. V. Beregova ◽  
I. Yu. Parnikoza ◽  
S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽  
A. Thell
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Rhodotorula Rubra ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
Geomyces Pannorum ◽  
Active Substances

The identification of the diversity of microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of the Argentine Islands in specimens collected during the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition was the purpose of this work. Samples of rock, soil, mosses and lichens of rock micro-habitats of “Crustose lichen sub-formation and fruticose lichen and moss cushion sub-formation” were used in the work. These samples were used for extracting and cultivation of filamentous fungi on dense nutrient media. Determination of physiological and biochemical characteristics and identification of yeast-like fungi were performed using a microbiological analyser ‘Vitek-2’ (‘Bio Merieux’, France). Cultivation of microorganisms was carried out at temperatures from +2 to +37 °C. In results cultures of microscopic fungi of Zygomycota (Mucor circinelloides), Ascomycota (species of the genera cf. Tlielebolus, Talaromyces), representatives of the Anamorphic fungi group (Geomyces pannorum, species of the genera Alternaria, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Cladosporium) were isolated from Antarctic samples. Microscopic fungi Penicillium spp. were dominated after the frequency in the studied samples (54.5%). Rhodotorula rubra and Candida sp. among isolated yeast fungi, and dark pigmented fungi represented by Aureobasidium pulhdans and Exophiala spp. were identified. The biological properties of a number of isolated fungi (the potential ability to synthesise important biologically active substances: melanins, carotenoids, lipids) are characterised. Mycobiota of rock communities of Argentine Islands is rich on filamentous and yeast fungi similarly to other regions of Antarctica. A number of fungi investigated are potentially able to synthesise biologically active substances. The dark pigmented species of the genera Cladosporium, Exophiala, Aureobasidium pulhdans, capable of melanin synthesis; ‘red’ yeast Rhodotorula rubra (carotenoid producers and resistant to toxic metals); Mucor circinelloides and Geomyces pannorum, lipid producers, are among these fungi. Yeast-like fungi assimilated a wide range of carbohydrates, which will allow them to be further used for cultivation in laboratory and process conditions. The collection of technologically promising strains of microorganisms, part of the Culture Collection of Fungi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ukraine), is updated with isolated species (strains) of filamentous fungi and yeast – potential producers of biologically active substances, obtained within this study.

PRODUÇÃO SUSTENTÁVEL DE BIOSSURFACTANTE POR MUCOR CIRCINELLOIDES UCP 0069 UTILIZANDO RESÍDUOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS COMO SUBSTRATOS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália Sá Alencar do Amaral Marques ◽  
Rafael de Souza Mendonça ◽  
Daylin Rubio Ribeaux ◽  
Antônio Vinicius Pinho Sá ◽  
Galba Maria Campos Takaki
Keyword(s):  
Mucor Circinelloides

scholarly journals Differential Gene Expression between Fungal Mating Types Is Associated with Sequence Degeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Juan Ma ◽  
Fantin Carpentier ◽  
Tatiana Giraud ◽  
Michael E Hood
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Sexual Antagonism ◽  
Recombination Suppression

Abstract Degenerative mutations in non-recombining regions, such as in sex chromosomes, may lead to differential expression between alleles if mutations occur stochastically in one or the other allele. Reduced allelic expression due to degeneration has indeed been suggested to occur in various sex-chromosome systems. However, whether an association occurs between specific signatures of degeneration and differential expression between alleles has not been extensively tested, and sexual antagonism can also cause differential expression on sex chromosomes. The anther-smut fungus Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae is ideal for testing associations between specific degenerative signatures and differential expression because 1) there are multiple evolutionary strata on the mating-type chromosomes, reflecting successive recombination suppression linked to mating-type loci; 2) separate haploid cultures of opposite mating types help identify differential expression between alleles; and 3) there is no sexual antagonism as a confounding factor accounting for differential expression. We found that differentially expressed genes were enriched in the four oldest evolutionary strata compared with other genomic compartments, and that, within compartments, several signatures of sequence degeneration were greater for differentially expressed than non-differentially expressed genes. Two particular degenerative signatures were significantly associated with lower expression levels within differentially expressed allele pairs: upstream insertion of transposable elements and mutations truncating the protein length. Other degenerative mutations associated with differential expression included nonsynonymous substitutions and altered intron or GC content. The association between differential expression and allele degeneration is relevant for a broad range of taxa where mating compatibility or sex is determined by genes located in large regions where recombination is suppressed.

scholarly journals Chinese hamster ovary cell line DXB-11: chromosomal instability and karyotype heterogeneity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria I. Turilova ◽  
Tatyana S. Goryachaya ◽  
Tatiana K. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell ◽  
Chinese Hamster Ovary ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Ovary Cell ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Karyotype Heterogeneity

Abstract Background Chinese hamster ovary cell lines, also known as CHO cells, represent a large family of related, yet quite different, cell lines which are metabolic mutants derived from the original cell line, CHO-ori. Dihydrofolate reductase-deficient DXB-11 cell line, one of the first CHO derivatives, serves as the host cell line for the production of therapeutic proteins. It is generally assumed that DXB-11 is identical to DUKX or CHO-DUK cell lines, but, to our knowledge, DXB-11 karyotype has not been described yet. Results Using differential staining approaches (G-, C-banding and Ag-staining), we presented DXB-11 karyotype and revealed that karyotypes of DXB-11 and CHO-DUK cells have a number of differences. Although the number of chromosomes is equal—20 in each cell line—DXB-11 has normal chromosomes of the 1st and 5th pairs as well as an intact chromosome 8. Besides, in DXB-11 line, chromosome der(Z9) includes the material of chromosomes X and 6, whereas in CHO-DUK it results from the translocation of chromosomes 1 and 6. Ag-positive nucleolar organizer regions were revealed in the long arms of chromosome del(4)(q11q12) and both chromosome 5 homologues, as well as in the short arms of chromosomes 8 and add(8)(q11). Only 19 from 112 (16.96%) DXB-11 cells display identical chromosome complement accepted as the main structural variant of karyotype. The karyotype heterogeneity of all the rest of cells (93, 83.04%) occurs due to clonal and nonclonal additional structural rearrangements of chromosomes. Estimation of the frequency of chromosome involvement in these rearrangements allowed us to reveal that chromosomes 9, der(X)t(X;3;4), del(2)(p21p23), del(2)(q11q22) /Z2, der(4) /Z7, add(6)(p11) /Z8 are the most stable, whereas mar2, probably der(10), is the most unstable chromosome. A comparative analysis of our own and literary data on CHO karyotypes allowed to designate conservative chromosomes, both normal and rearranged, that remain unchanged in different CHO cell lines, as well as variable chromosomes that determine the individuality of karyotypes of CHO derivatives. Conclusion DXB-11and CHO-DUK cell lines differ in karyotypes. The revealed differential instability of DXB-11 chromosomes is likely not incidental and results in karyotype heterogeneity of cell population.

scholarly journals Deletion of the Schizophyllum commune Aα Locus: The Roles of Aα Y and Z Mating-Type Genes

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 144 (4) ◽  
pp. 1437-1444
Author(s):  
C Ian Robertson ◽  
Kirk A Bartholomew ◽  
Charles P Novotny ◽  
Robert C Ullrich
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Developmental Pathway ◽  
Mating Type Gene ◽  
Mating Type Genes ◽  
Regulatory Loci ◽  
Type Gene

The Aα locus is one of four master regulatory loci that determine mating type and regulate sexual development in Schizophyllum commune. We have made a plasmid containing a URA1 gene disruption of the Aα Y1 gene. Y1 is the sole Aα gene in Aα1 strains. We used the plasmid construction to produce an Aα null (i.e., AαΔ) strain by replacing the genomic Y1 gene with URA1 in an Aα1 strain. To characterize the role of the Aα genes in the regulation of sexual development, we transformed various Aα Y and Z alleles into AαΔ strains and examined the acquired mating types and mating abilities of the transformants. These experiments demonstrate that the Aα Y gene is not essential for fungal viability and growth, that a solitary Z Aα mating-type gene does not itself activate development, that Aβ proteins are sufficient to activate the A developmental pathway in the absence of Aα proteins and confirm that Y and Z genes are the sole determinants of Aα mating type. The data from these experiments support and refine our model of the regulation of A-pathway events by Y and Z proteins.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document