Isolation of Intracytoplasmic Membrane from the Methanotrophic Bacterium Methylomicrobium album BG8

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Brantner ◽  
Lorie A. Buchholz ◽  
Charles C. Remsen ◽  
Mary Lynne Perille Collins
Keyword(s):  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Methanotrophic Bacterium ◽  
Methylomicrobium Album

Intracytoplasmic membrane formation in Methylomicrobium album BG8 is stimulated by copper in the growth medium

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 672-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Brantner ◽  
Lorie A. Buchholz ◽  
Claudia L. McSwain ◽  
Laura L. Newcomb ◽  
Charles C. Remsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Methane Monooxygenase ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Particulate Methane Monooxygenase ◽  
Monooxygenase Activity ◽  
Oxidation Of Methane ◽  
Methylomicrobium Album

Methylomicrobium album BG8 uses methane as its sole source of carbon and energy. The oxidation of methane to methanol is catalyzed by the enzyme methane monooxygenase. Methane monooxygenase activity, intracytoplasmic membrane abundance, and cell mass increased with increasing copper concentration in the medium. When copper was added to copper-deficient cultures, cell mass and intracytoplasmic membrane structure increased. These findings are consistent with the presence of copper in the particulate methane monooxygenase. Methane monooxygenase activity and intracytoplasmic membrane abundance were correlated, suggesting that the methane monooxygenase may be involved in intracytoplasmic membrane proliferation.Key words: Methylomicrobium album BG8, copper, intracytoplasmic membrane, methane monooxygenase.

A Freeze-Etch Study of Acinetobacter SP. Grown on a Hydrocarbon Substrate

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
C. L. Scott ◽  
W. R. Finnerty
Keyword(s):  
Membrane System ◽  
Structural Distortion ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sectioned Material ◽  
Acinetobacter Sp

Acinetobacter sp. HO-1-N, a gram-negative hydrocarbon oxidizing bacterium previously designated Micrococcus cerificans, has been shown to sequester the hydrocarbon into intracytoplasmic pools as a result of growth on this substrate. In hydrocarbon grown cells, an intracytoplasmic membrane system was also observed along with a doubling of cellular phospholipids (Z). However, using conventional dehydration and embedding procedures in preparing thin sectioned material, the hydrocarbon is extracted from the cells. This may lead to structural distortion, consequently, the freeze-etch technique was applied to preserve the integrity of the cell.

scholarly journals Intracytoplasmic Membrane Structures in Vibrio marinus

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 552-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Felter ◽  
S. F. Kennedy ◽  
R. R. Colwell ◽  
G. B. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane

scholarly journals Broad Ultrastructural and Transcriptomic Changes Underlie the Multinucleated Giant Hemocyte Mediated Innate Immune Response against Parasitoids

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Gyöngyi Cinege ◽  
Lilla B. Magyar ◽  
Attila L. Kovács ◽  
Zita Lerner ◽  
Gábor Juhász ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Drosophila Ananassae ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane

Multinucleated giant hemocytes (MGHs) represent a novel type of blood cell in insects that participate in a highly efficient immune response against parasitoid wasps involving isolation and killing of the parasite. Previously, we showed that circulating MGHs have high motility and the interaction with the parasitoid rapidly triggers encapsulation. However, structural and molecular mechanisms behind these processes remained elusive. Here, we used detailed ultrastructural analysis and live cell imaging of MGHs to study encapsulation in <i>Drosophila ananassae</i> after parasitoid wasp infection. We found dynamic structural changes, mainly driven by the formation of diverse vesicular systems and newly developed complex intracytoplasmic membrane structures, and abundant generation of giant cell exosomes in MGHs. In addition, we used RNA sequencing to study the transcriptomic profile of MGHs and activated plasmatocytes 72 h after infection, as well as the uninduced blood cells. This revealed that differentiation of MGHs was accompanied by broad changes in gene expression. Consistent with the observed structural changes, transcripts related to vesicular function, cytoskeletal organization, and adhesion were enriched in MGHs. In addition, several orphan genes encoding for hemolysin-like proteins, pore-forming toxins of prokaryotic origin, were expressed at high level, which may be important for parasitoid elimination. Our results reveal coordinated molecular and structural changes in the course of MGH differentiation and parasitoid encapsulation, providing a mechanistic model for a powerful innate immune response.

scholarly journals Kinetic analysis of N-acylphosphatidylserine accumulation and implications for membrane assembly in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides

1982 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-615
Author(s):  
B D Cain ◽  
T J Donohue ◽  
S Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Phospholipid Content ◽  
Membrane Biogenesis ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Sphaeroides ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Phospholipid Transfer ◽  
Cellular Phospholipid

The accumulation of N-acylphosphatidylserine (NAPS) in response to the inclusion of Tris in the growth medium of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides strain M29-5 has been examined. In the accompanying paper (Donohue et al., J. Bacteriol. 152:000--000, 1982), we show that in response to Tris, NAPS accumulated to as much as 40% of the total cellular phospholipid content. NAPS accumulation began immediately upon addition of Tris and was reflected as an abrupt 12-fold increase in the apparent rate of NAPS accumulation. We suggest that Tris altered the flow of metabolites through a preexisting and previously unknown metabolic pathway. NAPS accumulation ceased immediately upon the removal of Tris; however, accumulated NAPS remained largely metabolically stable. Importantly, under conditions in which NAPS was not accumulated, the intracytoplasmic membrane was shown to be virtually devoid of newly synthesized NAPS. The significance of this observation is discussed in terms of its physiological implications on phospholipid transfer and membrane biogenesis in R. sphaeroides.

Feeding experiments of the seep-associated foraminifer Nonionellina labradorica with a marine methanotroph from the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Schmidt ◽  
Geslin Emmanuelle ◽  
Bernhard Joan M. ◽  
LeKieffre Charlotte ◽  
Roberge Helene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Type I ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Organic Detritus ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Food Vacuoles ◽  
Species Specific

&lt;p&gt;Foraminifera on the seafloor are known to have species-specific feeding habits. Among those are deposit feeders, eating organic detritus and bacteria. Little is known about the feeding habits of foraminifera from Arctic seep environments. That is, in particular, of interest as variable &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C values in the tests of foraminifera have been suggested to be partly linked with a diet rich in bacteria, themselves lighter in &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C values. As there is little information on the ecology of the foraminifer &lt;em&gt;Nonionellina labradorica&lt;/em&gt; (Dawson, 1860), this study examined feeding habits on bacteria and compared them to in situ collected specimens, using Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM). As bacterial food, the marine methane-oxidizing bacterium &lt;em&gt;Methyloprofundus sedimenti&lt;/em&gt; was chosen, which is an important representative of methanotrophs in the marine environment near methane seeps. Sediment samples containing living N. labradorica specimens collected in close vicinity(approx. 5 m) from an active methane seep in Storfjordrenna, Barents Sea (382-m water depth).&amp;#160; We performed a feeding experiment on &lt;em&gt;N. labradorica &lt;/em&gt;(n=17 specimen), which were incubated in the dark at in situ temperature. Specimens were fed at the beginning of the experiment, except the un-fed controls, and incubations terminated after 4, 8 and 20 h. After fixation in epoxy resin the ultrastructure of all specimens and their food vacuoles was observed and compared using a TEM. All examined specimens were living at the time of fixation, based on observation of intact mitochondrial membranes. In all specimens, inorganic detritus was preserved inside food vacuoles. Closer observation of food vacuoles also revealed that in addition to inorganic debris, such as clay, occasionally bacteria were visible. This led us to conclude that our &lt;em&gt;N. labradorica &lt;/em&gt;can&amp;#160; generally be classified as a deposit feeder, which is rather a generalist than a specialist. Regarding uptake of &lt;em&gt;M. sedimenti&lt;/em&gt;, the timing of the experimentation seemed to be critical. We did not observe methanotrophs preserved in the resin at the 4 and 8 h incubations, but found two putative methanotrophs near the apertural region after the 20-h incubation. After closer observation, we could identify one of those two putative specimen as the menthanothroph &lt;em&gt;M. sedimenti&lt;/em&gt; near the foraminiferal aperture, based on presence of a typical type I stacked intracytoplasmic membrane (ICM) and storage granules (SC). We concluded that &lt;em&gt;N. labradorica&lt;/em&gt; may ingest &lt;em&gt;M. sedimenti&lt;/em&gt; via &amp;#8220;untargeted grazing&amp;#8221; in seeps. Further studies must examine the exact relationship between diet and &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C in foraminiferal test on several different paleo-oceanographically relevant species.&lt;/p&gt;

Methylocystis silviterrae sp.nov., a high-affinity methanotrophic bacterium isolated from the boreal forest soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina N. Tikhonova ◽  
Denis S. Grouzdev ◽  
Alexander N. Avtukh ◽  
Irina K. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Link Type

A novel species is proposed for a high-affinity methanotrophic representative of the genus Methylocystis . Strain FST was isolated from a weakly acidic (pH 5.3) mixed forest soil of the southern Moscow area. Cells of FST are aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, curved coccoids or short rods that contain an intracytoplasmic membrane system typical of type-II methanotrophs. Only methane and methanol are used as carbon sources. FST grew at a temperature range of 4–37 °C (optimum 25–30 °C) and a pH range of 4.5 to 7.5 (optimum pH 6.0–6.5). The major fatty acids were C18  :  1ω8c, C18  :  1ω7c and C18  :  0; the major quinone as Q-8. FST displays 16S rRNA gene sequences similarity to other taxonomically recognized members of the genus Methylocystis, with Methylocystis hirsuta CSC1T (99.6 % similarity) and Methylocystis rosea SV97T (99.3 % similarity) as its closest relatives. The genome comprises 3.85 Mbp and has a DNA G+C content of 62.6 mol%. Genomic analyses and DNA–DNA relatedness with genome-sequenced members of the genus Methylocystis demonstrated that FST could be separated from its closest relatives. FST possesses two particulate methane monooxygenases (pMMO): low-affinity pMMO1 and high-affinity pMMO2. In laboratory experiments, it was demonstrated that FST might oxidize methane at atmospheric concentration. The genome contained various genes for nitrogen fixation, polyhydroxybutyrate synthesis, antibiotic resistance and detoxification of arsenic, cyanide and mercury. On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, it is proposed that the isolate represents a novel species, Methylocystis silviterrae sp. nov. The type strain is FST (=KCTC 82935T=VKM B-3535T).

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