Sex differences in olfactory communication in a primate, the moustached tamarin, Saguinus mystax (Callitrichinae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckward W. Heymann
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Olfactory Communication ◽  
Saguinus Mystax ◽  
Moustached Tamarin

The influence of human settlements on the parasite community in two species of Peruvian tamarin

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. WENZ ◽  
E. W. HEYMANN ◽  
T. N. PETNEY ◽  
H. F. TARASCHEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Saguinus Mystax ◽  
Saguinus Fuscicollis ◽  
Frequent Contact ◽  
Moustached Tamarin

SUMMARYAlthough there is a growing recognition that the transfer of diseases between humans and non-human primates can be of great significance for conservation biology, there have been only a few studies focusing on parasites. In this study, saddleback (Saguinus fuscicollis) and moustached tamarin (Saguinus mystax) from the rainforest of the Peruvian lowlands were used as models to determine helminth parasite associations between canopy-dwelling primate species and a nearby human settlement. The human population showed high prevalences of infestation with a number of nematodes, including Ascaris lumbricoides (88·9%), Trichuris trichiura (37%) and hookworms (55·6%). However, the ova of these geohelminths were not detectable in tamarin faeces. Thus, no direct parasite transfer from humans to non-human primates could be documented. However, tamarin groups with more frequent contact to humans and their facilities had significantly higher prevalences and egg output of Prosthenorchis elegans, an important primate pathogen, than a forest group. In contrast, a cestode was significantly more common with more egg output in sylvatic than in human-associated groups. Human alteration of the habitat is likely to play a major role in determining the occurrence, prevalence and intensity of helminth infestation of wild non-human primates.

scholarly journals Males are more sensitive to their audience than females when scent-marking in the redfronted lemur

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Rachel Peckre ◽  
Alexandra Michiels ◽  
Lluìs Socias-Martìnez ◽  
Peter M. Kappeler ◽  
Claudia Fichtel
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Olfactory Communication ◽  
Exponential Random Graph Models ◽  
Audience Effects ◽  
Exponential Random Graph ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opposite Sex

Audience effects, i.e. changes in behaviour caused by the presence of conspecifics, have rarely been studied in the context of olfactory communication, even though they may provide important insights into the functions of olfactory signals. Functional sex differences in scent-marking behaviours are common and influenced by the social system. To date, patterns of functional sex differences in scent-marking behaviours remain unknown in species without overt dominance relationships. We investigated sex differences in intra-group audience effects on anogenital scent-marking in a wild population of redfronted lemurs (Eulemur rufifrons) by performing focal scent-marking observations. With a combination of generalised linear mixed models and exponential random graph models, we found different audience effects in both sexes. Males were overall more sensitive than females to their audience. Only males seemed to be sensitive to the presence of both members of the opposite sex and same-sex conspecifics in the audience. Females were only moderately sensitive to the presence of other females in the audience. This study offers a potential behavioural pattern associated with anogenital scent-marking that seem to differ from those described for species exhibiting female dominance, supporting the notion that the social systems co-varies with scent-marking behaviours and scent-complexity in strepsirrhines.

scholarly journals Mucinous Cystadenoma in the Lung of a Captive-born Moustached Tamarin (Saguinus mystax)

2013 ◽  
Vol 149 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Michaud ◽  
D.R. Ragland ◽  
M.C. St. Claire ◽  
W.R. Elkins ◽  
A.S. Gozalo
Keyword(s):  
Mucinous Cystadenoma ◽  
Saguinus Mystax ◽  
Moustached Tamarin
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