Proprioceptive control of multijoint movement: unimanual circle drawing

1999 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. P. Verschueren ◽  
Stephan P. Swinnen ◽  
Paul J. Cordo ◽  
Natalia V. Dounskaia
Keyword(s):  
Multijoint Movement ◽  
Circle Drawing

Proprioceptive control of multijoint movement: bimanual circle drawing

1999 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. P. Verschueren ◽  
Stephan P. Swinnen ◽  
Paul J. Cordo ◽  
Natalia V. Dounskaia
Keyword(s):  
Multijoint Movement ◽  
Circle Drawing

scholarly journals Circle drawing and tracing dataset for evaluation of fine motor control

Data in Brief ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 106763
Author(s):  
Eros Quarta ◽  
Riccardo Bravi ◽  
Diego Minciacchi ◽  
Erez James Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Control ◽  
Circle Drawing

Circle-Drawing Movements at Different Speeds: Role of Inertial Anisotropy

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 2399-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin D. Pfann ◽  
Daniel M. Corcos ◽  
Charity G. Moore ◽  
Ziaul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Upper Arm ◽  
Speed Dependence ◽  
Oval Shape ◽  
Circle Drawing ◽  
Relative Motions

This study investigated the role of inertial anisotropy at the hand in causing distortions in movement. Subjects drew circles in the horizontal plane at four locations in the workspace at three instructed paces using elbow and shoulder movements. Specifically, we tested two hypotheses, which we would expect if the anisotropy of inertia were not completely accounted for by the CNS when generating circle-drawing movements: 1) speed will affect the circularity of figures, with faster movements associated with greater elongation into an oval shape, irrespective of workspace location for configurations with a similar angle between the forearm and upper arm. 2) The elongation of the circle at fast speeds will be in the direction of least inertia. The results showed that despite individual differences in the speed dependence of the relative motions at the elbow and the shoulder, the circularity decreased (distortion increased) with increased speed, and workspace location had no effect on circularity. We also found that the elongation of the circles at fast speeds was in a direction close to but significantly different from the direction of least inertia for three workspace locations and was in the direction of least inertia for the fourth location. We suggest that the elongation results from lack of full accounting by the CNS of the anisotropy of viscosity and inertia.

An improved parallel circle-drawing algorithm

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
Jianhua Huang ◽  
E. Banissi
Keyword(s):  
Circle Drawing

Bimanual Circle Drawing during Secondary Task Loading

Motor Control ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffery J. Summers ◽  
Winston D. Byblow ◽  
Don F. Bysouth-Young ◽  
Andras Semjen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Secondary Task ◽  
Coordination Mode ◽  
Transition Frequency ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Symmetrical Pattern ◽  
Asymmetrical Pattern ◽  
Movement Frequency ◽  
Coordination Patterns ◽  
Circle Drawing

Seven right-handed participants performed bimanual circling movements in either a symmetrical or an asymmetrical coordination mode. Movements were paced with an auditory metronome at predetermined frequencies corresponding to transition frequency, where asymmetrical patterns became unstable, or at two-thirds transition frequency, where both symmetrical and asymmetrical patterns were stable. The pacing tones were presented in either a high (1000 Hz) or low (500 Hz) pitch, and the percentage of high-pitched tones during a 20 s trial varied between 0% and 70%. Participants were instructed to count the number of high-pitched pacing tones that occurred during a trial of bimanual circling. Overall, the symmetrical pattern was more stable than the asymmetrical pattern at both frequencies. Errors on the tone-counting task were significantly higher during asymmetrical circling than symmetrical circling but only at the transition movement frequency. The results suggest that cognitive processes play a role in maintaining coordination patterns within regions of instability.

scholarly journals A Cerebellar Deficit in Sensorimotor Prediction Explains Movement Timing Variability

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2825-2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Bo ◽  
Hannah J. Block ◽  
Jane E. Clark ◽  
Amy J. Bastian
Keyword(s):  
Internal Model ◽  
Hand Movements ◽  
Movement Initiation ◽  
Movement Timing ◽  
Timing Variability ◽  
Drawing Task ◽  
Internal Event ◽  
Event Timer ◽  
Improve Patient ◽  
Circle Drawing

A popular theory is that the cerebellum functions as a timer for clocking motor events (e.g., initiation, termination). Consistent with this idea, cerebellar patients have been reported to show greater deficits during hand movements that repeatedly start and stop (i.e., discontinuous movements) compared with continuous hand movements. Yet, this finding could potentially be explained by an alternate theory in which the cerebellum acts as an internal model of limb mechanics. We tested whether a timing or internal model hypothesis best explains results from a circle-drawing task, where individuals trace a circle with the hand at a desired tempo. We first attempted to replicate prior results showing greater impairment for discontinuous versus continuous circling movements, and then asked whether we could improve patient performance by reducing demands in each domain. First, we slowed the movement down to reduce the need to predict and compensate for limb dynamics. Second, we supplied external timing information to reduce the need for an internal event timer. Results showed that we did not replicate the previous findings—cerebellar patients were impaired in both discontinuous and continuous movements. Slowing the movement improved cerebellar performance to near control values. The addition of an external visual timing signal paradoxically worsened timing deficits rather than mitigating them. One interpretation of these combined results is that the cerebellum is indeed functioning as an internal model and is needed to make appropriate predictions for movement initiation and termination.

Unilateral vs. Bilateral coordination of circle-drawing tasks

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-weng Tseng ◽  
John P. Scholz
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Coordination ◽  
Drawing Tasks ◽  
Circle Drawing

Organizing principles for voluntary movement: extending single-joint rules

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 1374-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Almeida ◽  
D. A. Hong ◽  
D. Corcos ◽  
G. L. Gottlieb
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Multijoint Movement ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Antagonist Muscles ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emg Patterns

1. Four subjects performed fast flexions of the elbow or shoulder over three different distances. Elbow flexions were performed both in a horizontal, single-degree-of-freedom manipulandum and in a sagittal plane with the limb unconstrained. Shoulder flexions were only performed in the sagittal plane by the unconstrained limb. We simultaneously recorded kinematic and electromyographic (EMG) patterns at the “focal” joint, that which the subject intentionally flexed, and at the other, “nonfocal” joint that the subject had been instructed to not flex. 2. Comparisons of the elbow EMG patterns across tasks show that agonist and antagonist muscles were similar in pattern but not size, reflecting the net muscle torque patterns. Comparisons at the shoulder also revealed similar EMG patterns across tasks that reflected net muscle torques. 3. Comparisons of EMG patterns across joints show that elbow and shoulder flexors behaved similarly. This was not true of the extensors. The triceps EMG burst was delayed for longer distances but the posterior deltoid had an early, distance-invariant onset. 4. Similarities in EMG reflect torque demands required at the focal joint to produce flexion and at the nonfocal joint to reduce extension induced by dynamic interactions with the focal, flexing joint. These similarities appear despite very different kinematic intentions and outcomes. This argues against a strong role for length-sensitive reflexes in their generation. 5. These results support the hypothesis that movements are controlled by muscle activation patterns that are planned for the expected torque requirements of the task. This general rule is true whether we are performing single-joint or multiple-joint movements, with or without external constraints. The similarities between single-joint and multijoint movement control may be a consequence of ontogenetic development of multijoint movement strategies that prove useful and are therefore also expressed under the constrained conditions of specialized tasks such as those performed in single-joint manipulanda.

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