Equilibrium form of crystals and stable norm

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 919-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Senn
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Form ◽  
Stable Norm

Visualizing {110} Surface Structure of Equilibrium-form ZIF-8 Crystals by Low-dose Cs-corrected TEM

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaocang Han ◽  
Wenqian Chen ◽  
Rui Su ◽  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks ◽  
Equilibrium Form ◽  
Energy Surfaces

The properties of Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) crystals highly depend on the structures of the low-energy surfaces, such as {110} of ZIF-8. However, the atomic/molecular configurations of the ZIF-8 {110}...

Stable Lattices

1954 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Local Maximum ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Stable Norm ◽  
Algebraic Modules ◽  
Zero Norm

The most interesting cases of stable lattices, introduced in an earlier volume of this journal (12), were the (algebraic) modules of stable norm, or modules whose ratio of minimum absolute non-zero norm to lattice determinant (i.e., to the square root of module-discriminant) is a local maximum for small variations of the basis. We soon found that these modules were perhaps more numerous than we should have desired if we were interested only in finding an absolute maximum.

scholarly journals COMPRESSED ELEMENTS WITH A VARIABLE IN LENGTH STIFFNESS EQUILIBRIUM FORM STABILITY DETERMINATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (53) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Shkurupiy ◽  
Pavlo Mytrofanov ◽  
Yuriy Davydenko ◽  
Muhlis Hajiyev
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Critical Load ◽  
Discrete Systems ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Stability Loss ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Displacement Method ◽  
Equilibrium Form ◽  
Stability Calculation ◽  
Complex Building

One of the most powerful modern methods of calculating complex building structures is the finite element method in theform of a displacement method for discrete systems, which involves the creation of a finite element model, that is, splittingthe structure into separate elements within each of which the functions of displacements and stresses are known. On the basisof the displacement method and the methods of iterations and half-division, an algorithm for stability calculation of the firstkind equilibrium form of compressed reinforced concrete columns with hinged fixing at the ends, considering the stiffnesschanging has been developed. The use of the above methods enables to determine the minimum critical load or stress at thefirst bifurcation and their stability loss corresponding form. The use of matrix forms contributes to simplification of high order stability loss equation. This approach enables to obtain the form of stability loss that corresponds to the critical load.

Livsic theorems, maximizing measures and the stable norm

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Pollicott ◽  
Richard Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Stable Norm

scholarly journals When does an advantage become unfair? Empirical and normative concerns in Semenya’s case

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 700-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Camporesi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
International Association ◽  
Level Playing Field ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Case ◽  
Caster Semenya ◽  
Stable Norm ◽  
Fundamental Tension

There is a fundamental tension in many sports: human sex is not binary, but there are only two categories in which people can compete: male and female. Over the past 10 years, the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) regulations have been at the centre of two notable legal disputes. The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) reached two contradictory rulings: in the first case (Dutee Chand vs Athletics Federation India and IAAF), the IAAF regulations for the eligibility of athletes to compete in the female category were suspended (24 July 2015) on grounds of "discrimination against the female category"; in the latter (Caster Semenya and Athletics South Africa vs IAAF), the regulations were reaffirmed (1 May 2019) on grounds that although discriminatory, they are necessary to maintain a "level playing field" and to “protect” the female category. Although Semenya’s case has paved the way for questioning existing gender norms in sport, a new stable norm has yet to emerge from her case. The pharmacological solution put forward by IAAF to the tension between fairness and inclusivity of bodies non-conforming to two sexes is not, however, the only possible solution/resolution to the case, as I aim to show in this paper. Here I present some reflections on this topic and suggest how CAS should approach the case if it hopes to resolve it.

scholarly journals Differentiability of the stable norm in codimension one

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Auer ◽  
Victor Bangert
Keyword(s):  
Codimension One ◽  
Stable Norm

Spontaneous Vesicles and other Solution Structures in Catanionic Mixtures

1991 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Kaler ◽  
Kathleen L. Herrington ◽  
Joseph A. N. Zasadzinski
Keyword(s):  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Approach To Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Form ◽  
Solution Structures ◽  
Catanionic Vesicles ◽  
Cationic And Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Catanionic Mixtures

AbstractWe have prepared spontaneous, single-walled, equilibrium vesicles of controlled size and surface charge from aqueous mixtures of simple, commercially available, single-tailed cationic and anionic surfactants. We believe vesicle formation results from the production of anion-cation surfactant pairs which then act as double-tailed zwitterionic surfactants. Although unilamellar vesicles have been created by numerous physical and chemical techniques from multilamellar dispersions, all such vesicle systems revert to the equilibrium, multilamellar phase over time. These catanionic vesicles are stable for periods as long as several years and appear to be the equilibrium form of aggregation. Here we review the phase behavior and structural studies of several such mixtures, with particular focus on the effect of surfactant tail lengths on size and location of the vesicle phase in the appropriate phase diagram. The approach to equilibrium is also discussed.

The Master Equation for the Dissociation of a Dilute Diatomic Gas. X. How Rotation Causes Low Arrhenius Temperature Coefficients

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (18) ◽  
pp. 3152-3155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huw O. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Recombination Rate ◽  
Negative Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Equilibrium Form ◽  
Temperature Coefficients ◽  
Recombination Rate Constant ◽  
Arrhenius Temperature

It is shown that previously calculated nonequilibrium rate constants for the dissociation of H2 and D2 appear to approach a rotationally averaged equilibrium expression at low temperature. This equilibrium form of the rate expression itself has an Arrhenius temperature coefficient for dissociation which is significantly less than the dissociation energy, and the corresponding recombination rate constant has a negative temperature coefficient. The reasons for this are explained.

scholarly journals Equilibrium form of negative crystals in igneous quartz.

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuji ASADA ◽  
Norimasa SHIMOBAYASHI ◽  
Masao KITAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Form
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