Herbivory and natural selection on flowering phenology in wild sunflower, Helianthus annuus

Oecologia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pilson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Wild Sunflower

scholarly journals Gene banks for wild and cultivated sunflower genetic resources

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreten Terzić ◽  
Marie-Claude Boniface ◽  
Laura Marek ◽  
Daniel Alvarez ◽  
Karin Baumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Wild Sunflower ◽  
Gene Banks ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Wild Accessions ◽  
Modern Breeding ◽  
Local Research

Modern breeding of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), which started 100 years ago, increased the number and the diversity of cultivated forms. In addition, for more than 50 years, wild sunflower and other Helianthus species have been collected in North America where they all originated. Collections of both cultivated and wild forms are maintained in gene banks in many countries where sunflower is an important crop, with some specificity according to the availability of germplasm and to local research and breeding programmes. Cultivated material includes land races, open pollinated varieties, synthetics and inbred lines. The majority of wild accessions are ecotypes of wild Helianthus annuus, but also 52 other species of Helianthus and a few related genera. The activities of three gene banks, in USA, France and Serbia, are described in detail, supplemented by data from seven other countries. Past and future uses of the genetic resources for environmental adaptation and breeding are discussed in relation to genomic and improved phenotypic knowledge of the cultivated and wild accessions available in the gene banks.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Wild Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Argentina: Reconstructing Its Invasion History

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 746-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Hernández ◽  
Alejandro Presotto ◽  
Mónica Poverene ◽  
Jennifer R Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Wild Sunflower ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L

Abstract Studying the levels and patterns of genetic diversity of invasive populations is important to understand the evolutionary and ecological factors promoting invasions and for better designing preventive and control strategies. Wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is native to North America and was introduced, and has become invasive, in several countries, including Argentina (ARG). Here, using classical population genetic analyses and approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) modeling, we studied the invasion history of wild sunflower in ARG. We analyzed 115 individuals belonging to 15 populations from ARG (invasive range) and United States (US, native range) at 14 nuclear and 3 chloroplast simple sequence repeat markers along with 23 phenotypic variables. Populations from ARG showed similar levels of nuclear genetic diversity to US populations and higher genetic diversity in the chloroplast genome, indicating no severe genetic bottlenecks during the invasion process. Bayesian clustering analysis, based on nuclear markers, suggests the presence of 3 genetic clusters, all present in both US and ARG. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) detected an overall low population structure between central US and ARG populations but separated 2 invasive populations from the rest. ABC modeling supports multiple introductions but also a southward dispersal within ARG. Genetic and phenotypic data support the central US as a source of introduction while the source of secondary introductions could not be resolved. Finally, using genetic markers from the chloroplast genome, we found lower population structure in ARG when compared with US populations, suggesting a role for seed-mediated gene flow in Argentina.

Interference and Control of Wild Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Northeastern Mexico

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Rosales-Robles ◽  
Jaime R. Salinas-García ◽  
Ricardo Sánchez-de-la-Cruz ◽  
Luis A. Rodríguez-del-Bosque ◽  
Valentín Esqueda-Esquivel
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wild Sunflower ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Northeastern Mexico ◽  
And Control
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