scholarly journals Administration of the Adjuvanted pH1N1 Vaccine in Egg-allergic Children at High Risk for Influenza A/H1N1 Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. SchulerCHEO ◽  
W. James King ◽  
Natalie L. Dayneka ◽  
Lynn Rastelli ◽  
Evelyn Marquis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Transmission and control in an institutional pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 outbreak

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 1102-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. ARINAMINPATHY ◽  
N. RAPHAELY ◽  
L. SALDANA ◽  
C. HODGEKISS ◽  
J. DANDRIDGE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYA pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 outbreak in a summer school affected 117/276 (42%) students. Residential social contact was associated with risk of infection, and there was no evidence for transmission associated with the classroom setting. Although the summer school had new admissions each week, which provided susceptible students the outbreak was controlled using routine infection control measures (isolation of cases, basic hygiene measures and avoidance of particularly high-risk social events) and prompt treatment of cases. This was in the absence of chemoprophylaxis or vaccination and without altering the basic educational activities of the school. Modelling of the outbreak allowed estimation of the impact of interventions on transmission. These models and follow-up surveillance supported the effectiveness of routine infection control measures to stop the spread of influenza even in this high-risk setting for transmission.

scholarly journals Analysis of Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Respiratory Infectious Diseases in Shandong Province, China During 2005-2014

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Li ◽  
Dongzhen Chen ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Xiaojia Xue ◽  
Xuewen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Meningococcal Meningitis ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Respiratory Infectious Diseases ◽  
Risk Maps

Abstract Background: Little comprehensive information on overall epidemic trend of respiratory infectious diseases is available in Shandong Province, China. This study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution and epidemic characteristics of respiratory infectious diseases.Methods: Time series was firstly performed to describe the temporal distribution feature of respiratory infectious diseases during 2005-2014 in Shandong Province. GIS Natural Breaks (Jenks) was applied to divide the average annual incidence of respiratory infectious diseases into five grades. Spatial empirical Bayesian smoothed risk maps and excess risk maps were further used to investigate spatial patterns of respiratory infectious diseases. Global and local Moran’s I statistics were used to measure the spatial autocorrelation. Spatial-temporal scanning was used to detect spatiotemporal clusters and identify high-risk locations. Results: A total of 537,506 cases of respiratory infectious diseases were reported in Shandong province during 2005-2014. The morbidity of respiratory infectious diseases had obvious seasonality with high morbidity in winter and spring. Local Moran’s I analysis showed that there were 5, 23, 24, 4, 20, 8, 14, 10 and 7 high-risk counties determined for influenza A (H1N1), measles, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, pertussis, scarlet fever, influenza, mumps and rubella, respectively. The spatial-temporal clustering analysis determined that the most likely cluster of influenza A (H1N1), measles, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, pertussis, scarlet fever, influenza, mumps and rubella included 74, 66, 58, 56, 22, 64, 2, 75 and 56 counties, and the time frame was November 2009, March 2008, January 2007, February 2005, July 2007, December 2011, November 2009, June 2012 and May 2005, respectively.Conclusions: There were obvious spatiotemporal clusters of respiratory infectious diseases in Shandong during 2005–2014. More attention should be paid to the epidemiological and spatiotemporal characteristics of respiratory infectious diseases to establish new strategies for its control.

scholarly journals Analysis of spatial-temporal distribution of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Shandong Province, China during 2005–2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Li ◽  
Dongzhen Chen ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Xiaojia Xue ◽  
Shengyang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Meningococcal Meningitis ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Respiratory Infectious Diseases ◽  
Risk Maps

Abstract Background Little comprehensive information on overall epidemic trend of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases is available in Shandong Province, China. This study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution and epidemic characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases. Methods Time series was firstly performed to describe the temporal distribution feature of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases during 2005–2014 in Shandong Province. GIS Natural Breaks (Jenks) was applied to divide the average annual incidence of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases into five grades. Spatial empirical Bayesian smoothed risk maps and excess risk maps were further used to investigate spatial patterns of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases. Global and local Moran’s I statistics were used to measure the spatial autocorrelation. Spatial-temporal scanning was used to detect spatiotemporal clusters and identify high-risk locations. Results A total of 537,506 cases of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases were reported in Shandong Province during 2005–2014. The morbidity of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases had obvious seasonality with high morbidity in winter and spring. Local Moran’s I analysis showed that there were 5, 23, 24, 4, 20, 8, 14, 10 and 7 high-risk counties determined for influenza A (H1N1), measles, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, pertussis, scarlet fever, influenza, mumps and rubella, respectively. The spatial-temporal clustering analysis determined that the most likely cluster of influenza A (H1N1), measles, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, pertussis, scarlet fever, influenza, mumps and rubella included 74, 66, 58, 56, 22, 64, 2, 75 and 56 counties, and the time frame was November 2009, March 2008, January 2007, February 2005, July 2007, December 2011, November 2009, June 2012 and May 2005, respectively. Conclusions There were obvious spatiotemporal clusters of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Shandong during 2005–2014. More attention should be paid to the epidemiological and spatiotemporal characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases to establish new strategies for its control.

scholarly journals Hospitalization patterns and outcomes of infants with Influenza A(H1N1) in Kuwait

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (08) ◽  
pp. 632-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Entesar H Husain ◽  
Ahmad AlKhabaz ◽  
Hanan Y Al-Qattan ◽  
Nufoud Al-Shammari ◽  
Abdullah F Owayed
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization

Introduction: Infants represent an important risk group for influenza associated hospitalizations and mortality. This study evaluated the clinical presentations, hospitalization course and outcome of infants hospitalized with the pandemic influenza A H1N1 [Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09] in relation to their previous health status. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective chart review of hospitalized infants with laboratory-confirmed Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection in two hospitals in Kuwait. Demographic characteristics, pre-existing high-risk medical conditions, clinical presentations, complications and mortality were analyzed. Previously healthy infants’ data were compared with infants with pre-existing high-risk medical conditions for severity of the illness and outcome. Results: We identified 62 infants comprising 32% of all admissions with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.  The median age ± SD was 7 ± 4 months.  Nineteen (31%) had pre-existing high-risk medical conditions. Complications were documented in 53% of previously healthy infants compared to 47% in high-risk infants.  Mean duration of hospitalization was 4.9 days in healthy infants and 6.7 for infants with high-risk medical conditions. Bacterial pneumonia complicated 7% of previously healthy infants compared to 26% with high-risk conditions (P = 0.03). Four infants (6.5%) required admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), of whom three had high risk medical condition. Conclusion: The majority of hospitalized infants with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 were previously healthy. Prolonged hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality were more observed in infants with high-risk medical conditions. According to the latest Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations, annual influenza vaccination is recommended for any child six months of age and older, particularly those with risk factors.

scholarly journals Vaccine allocation in a declining epidemic

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (76) ◽  
pp. 2798-2803 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Goldstein ◽  
J. Wallinga ◽  
M. Lipsitch
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Core Group ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Related Mortality

Sizeable quantities of 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 (H1N1pdm) vaccine in the USA became available at the end of 2009 when the autumn wave of the epidemic was declining. At that point, risk factors for H1N1-related mortality for some of the high-risk groups, particularly adults with underlying health conditions, could be estimated. Although those high-risk groups are natural candidates for being in the top priority tier for vaccine allocation, another candidate group is school-aged children through their role as vectors for transmission affecting the whole community. In this paper, we investigate the question of prioritization for vaccine allocation in a declining epidemic between two groups—a group with a high risk of mortality versus a ‘core’ group with a relatively low risk of mortality but fuelling transmission in the community. We show that epidemic data can be used, under certain assumptions on future decline, seasonality and vaccine efficacy in different population groups, to give a criterion when initial prioritization of a population group with a sufficiently high risk of epidemic-associated mortality is advisable over the policy of prioritizing the core group.

scholarly journals Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Monovalent 2009 Influenza A/H1N1 and Seasonal Trivalent Influenza Vaccines in High-Risk Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline B. Long ◽  
Irene Ramos ◽  
Deepa Rastogi ◽  
Deepa Manwani ◽  
Ginger Janow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
High Risk Children
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